中國(guó)正在興建一家商業(yè)性的動(dòng)物克隆中心，以滿足國(guó)內(nèi)日益增長(zhǎng)的牛肉需求,。

全球領(lǐng)先的科技公司博雅控股在新聞稿中表示,，這家工廠位于天津經(jīng)濟(jì)技術(shù)開(kāi)發(fā)區(qū)。

該項(xiàng)目總投資3100萬(wàn)美元,，預(yù)計(jì)將在2016年上半年投入運(yùn)營(yíng),。工廠一期將實(shí)現(xiàn)年產(chǎn)10萬(wàn)頭牛胚胎，未來(lái)將達(dá)到年產(chǎn)百萬(wàn)頭的目標(biāo),。這家工廠將成為世界最大的克隆工廠,，并配有一座基因資源庫(kù)和一間博物館。

《財(cái)富》雜志曾于2015年11月報(bào)道,，過(guò)去幾十年,，中國(guó)的牛肉需求一直在穩(wěn)步增長(zhǎng)。約30年前，豬肉占中國(guó)肉類消費(fèi)的90%以上,；現(xiàn)在,，豬肉的比例下降到60%以下。牛肉填補(bǔ)了大部分空缺,，自2000年以來(lái),，牛肉價(jià)格上漲了4倍。荷蘭合作銀行預(yù)測(cè),，2025年,，中國(guó)的牛肉消耗量將比現(xiàn)在增加220萬(wàn)噸。

博雅控股在新聞稿中表示,，中國(guó)的養(yǎng)殖戶很難滿足持續(xù)高漲的牛肉需求,。如果取得成功，這家工廠或許將緩解養(yǎng)殖戶的壓力,，但更有可能將許多人擠出這個(gè)市場(chǎng),。

2008年，預(yù)計(jì)到克隆技術(shù)的商業(yè)應(yīng)用,，美國(guó)食品及藥品管理局(FDA)曾規(guī)定,，來(lái)自克隆動(dòng)物的食品產(chǎn)品足夠安全，可以進(jìn)入美國(guó)市場(chǎng),。但FDA并未強(qiáng)制要求食品生產(chǎn)商在其產(chǎn)品上標(biāo)注食品的來(lái)源是否為克隆動(dòng)物,。克隆食品進(jìn)入美國(guó),，可能會(huì)遭到消費(fèi)者的抵制,，特別是考慮到轉(zhuǎn)基因食品一直都是頗具爭(zhēng)議的熱點(diǎn)問(wèn)題。

此外,，中國(guó)還依靠澳大利亞來(lái)滿足與日俱增的牛肉消耗需求,。據(jù)彭博社報(bào)道，2015年10月20日,，澳大利亞首次從該國(guó)向中國(guó)中部空運(yùn)活牛,。澳大利亞此舉賦予了“牛等艙”（cattle class）這個(gè)詞語(yǔ)全新的含義。通常,，飛機(jī)上的經(jīng)濟(jì)艙又被叫做“牛等艙”,。

該航班的管理方是來(lái)自澳大利亞阿德萊德的農(nóng)村服務(wù)公司Elders Ltd.，隨著中國(guó)對(duì)新鮮牛肉的需求日益增長(zhǎng),，該公司的利潤(rùn)也在不斷增加,。

海運(yùn)只能將牲畜進(jìn)口到沿海城市。因?yàn)楦鶕?jù)某些規(guī)定,，進(jìn)口活畜的入境點(diǎn)不能超過(guò)檢疫區(qū)域55英里,。為了將新鮮牛肉銷往中國(guó)中部的內(nèi)陸城市,，航空運(yùn)輸很有必要。

第一次空運(yùn)只是嘗試,，但澳大利亞的牲畜供應(yīng)商相信,，空運(yùn)的額外成本是值得的，因?yàn)樵谥袊?guó),，牛肉的價(jià)值更高,，牛身上的每一個(gè)部位都不會(huì)被浪費(fèi)。進(jìn)口活畜為中國(guó)中部地區(qū)的居民提供了購(gòu)買新鮮內(nèi)臟的機(jī)會(huì),。

然而,，這些供應(yīng)商遭到了某些動(dòng)物權(quán)益保護(hù)組織的抗議?？棺h者們認(rèn)為活牛在飛行途中會(huì)承受壓力,。“澳大利亞政府應(yīng)該關(guān)注冷凍和冷藏牛肉行業(yè),，而不是不顧及澳大利亞動(dòng)物的福利,，向中國(guó)運(yùn)送活畜?！卑拇罄麃喕始曳乐古按齽?dòng)物協(xié)會(huì)向彭博社表示,。（財(cái)富中文網(wǎng)）

譯者:劉進(jìn)龍/汪皓

審校：任文科

A commercial animal cloning center is currently being built in China to help meet the country’s rapidly rising beef demands.

According to a press release by BoyaLife, a global leading technology company, the plant will be located in the northern Chinese port city of Tianjin in a government sponsored business development park known as the Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Area.

The $31 million investment is expected to begin operations in the first half of 2016. The plant will start by producing 100,000 cattle embryos per year and eventually work its way up to one million. It will be the largest cloning facility in the world, complete with a gene storage area and a museum.

Last month Fortune reported that China’s beef demand has increased steadily over the past few decades. About 30 years ago, pork made up over 90% of the country’s meat consumption; now it’s less than 60%. Much of that void is being filled by beef, which has increased in price fourfold since 2000. Rabobank projects that by 2025 China will consume 2.2 million more tons of beef than it does now.

BoyaLife writes that Chinese farmers are having a difficult time meeting high beef demands. If this venture is successful, it could take that pressure off of them or, more likely, put many out of business.

In 2008, in anticipation of cloning technology being used for commercial purposes, the Food and Drug Administration ruled that food products derived from cloned animals are safe enough to enter the U.S. However, the agency did not mandate that food producers label their products as having derived from cloned animals. There could be backlash from consumers if these products reach the U.S., especially considering that genetically modified foods have been such a hot button issue.

In addition, Australia is giving a whole new meaning to the phrase “cattle class.” The nation sent its first flight filled with live cows to central China on Oct. 20, Bloomberg reports.

The flight was managed by Elders Ltd., a rural-services company based in Adelaide, Australia, which has seen its profit grow due to rising demand for fresh beef in China.

Boat travel is only sufficient when importing livestock to coastal cities. Because of certainregulations, imported live animals’ point of entry can’t be more than 55 miles away from their quarantine area. In order for fresh beef to be sold to inland cities in central China, air travel is necessary.

The first flight was just a test, but Australian livestock-suppliers believe that the extra cost will be worth it, partly because the value of beef is higher in China where every part of the animal gets used. Importing live animals provides locals in central China with the opportunity to purchase fresh internal organs.

However, these suppliers are receiving some backlash from animal rights groups that believe the cattle suffer from stress during travel. The Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals in Australia told Bloomberg that “the Australian government is best to instead focus on the chilled and frozen beef industry rather than putting the welfare of more Australian animals at risk by sending live cattle to China.”