拯救可能成為圣戰(zhàn)分子的人，并不是簡(jiǎn)簡(jiǎn)單單地向他們展示這種極其邪惡的生活方式的恐怖,，如斬首,、饑餓、壓迫等,。Alphabet的智囊組織Jigsaw的研發(fā)負(fù)責(zé)人雅斯明·格林用谷歌（Google）的典型方式,，將這項(xiàng)挑戰(zhàn)視為“信息獲取問(wèn)題”。Jigsaw致力于減少網(wǎng)絡(luò)仇恨與騷擾,。

格林在周三于紐約召開(kāi)的《連線》雜志業(yè)務(wù)會(huì)議上分享了她的觀點(diǎn),。她在活動(dòng)開(kāi)場(chǎng)時(shí)發(fā)表的演講非常尖銳，因?yàn)榫驮谏现苣?，倫敦遭遇恐怖襲擊,，這是幾個(gè)月來(lái)英國(guó)第三起由極端分子實(shí)施的暴行。在倫敦恐怖襲擊發(fā)生之后,，英國(guó)首相特蕾莎·梅嚴(yán)厲批評(píng)谷歌,、Facebook等大型科技公司，為這種令人討厭的恐怖主義意識(shí)形態(tài)提供了“供其繁衍的安全空間”,，這讓格林的演講變得更有意義,。

格林的職責(zé)包括確定如何通過(guò)谷歌的核心業(yè)務(wù)在線廣告定向投放，破壞極端分子為招募新人展開(kāi)的宣傳攻勢(shì),。為了了解皈依者變得激進(jìn)的心路歷程,，她曾前往伊拉克北部，采訪了曾經(jīng)為伊拉克和敘利亞的所謂伊斯蘭國(guó)（簡(jiǎn)稱ISIS）訓(xùn)練自殺炸彈襲擊者的叛逃者,。在采訪過(guò)程中,，她明確了制定對(duì)策時(shí)需要考慮的兩個(gè)重要因素,。

首先，時(shí)機(jī)很重要,。格林在臺(tái)上表示：“在他們購(gòu)買前往伊斯坦布爾的機(jī)票時(shí)再進(jìn)行干預(yù),，已經(jīng)為時(shí)已晚,。我們需要在他們剛剛產(chǎn)生共鳴但尚未完全接納極端思想的時(shí)候介入,。”

第二,，信息傳播很重要,。簡(jiǎn)單地展示斬首視頻，并不能動(dòng)搖誤入歧途的思想,。她說(shuō)道：“這就好像在煙盒的一面,，向吸煙者展示肺部的圖片。我也吸煙,。我根本不看這些圖片,。這并不能讓我戒煙?！?/p>

格林認(rèn)為,，一種更有效的策略是，對(duì)于想要成為極端分子的人們的疑問(wèn),，提供有微妙差別的答案,。她表示，這些人會(huì)質(zhì)疑“宗教合法化,、有效的治理,、軍事實(shí)力等。對(duì)于那些可能讓他們變成極端主義的問(wèn)題,，我們應(yīng)該給他們不同的答案,。”

全社會(huì)都在努力解決這些復(fù)雜的社會(huì)問(wèn)題,，而產(chǎn)生這些問(wèn)題的部分原因來(lái)自于互聯(lián)網(wǎng)?，F(xiàn)在我們知道全球最大的網(wǎng)絡(luò)公司之一正在努力尋找這些問(wèn)題的解決方案，這至少可以讓我們安心,。（財(cái)富中文網(wǎng)）

譯者：劉進(jìn)龍/汪皓

Rescuing someone who is on the brink of jihadism is not as simple as showing them the horrors—beheadings, starvation, subjugation—of that heinous lifestyle. Still, Yasmin Green, head of research and development at Jigsaw, an Alphabet think tank that aims to squelch online hate and harassment, views the challenge, in typical Googler fashion, as an "access to information problem."

Green shared her wisdom at the Wired business conference in New York on Wednesday. Her session, which kicked off the event, was distinctly poignant given last weekend's terror attacks in London, the UK's third extremist-borne atrocity in just as many months. Adding to its relevancy: In the aftermath of the recent brutality, British Prime Minister Theresa May took a swipe at big tech companies, like Google (goog) and Facebook (fb), for granting the unsavory ideology of militants "the safe space it needs to breed."

Green's job involves figuring out how to use Google's core business—online ad targeting—to disrupt extremist propaganda campaigns from luring new recruits. In order to understand the process by which converts become radicalized, she visited northern Iraq to interview defectors who had trained suicide bombers of the self-identified Islamic State in Iraq and Syria, often abbreviated ISIS. During her trip, a couple of factors important to consider when devising a counter strategy became clear.

First, timing matters. "At the time they're buying a ticket to Istanbul it is too late to intervene," Green said on stage. "We need to reach them when they're sympathetic, but not yet sold."

Second, messaging matters. Simply showing videos of decapitations will not sway the errant mind. "I kind of liken it to showing smokers on the side of a cigarette packet their lungs," she said. "I’ve been a smoker. I did not look at that. That’s not how I stopped smoking."

A more effective tactic, in Green's view, is to supply nuanced answers to would-be recruits queries. These people have valid questions about "religious legitimacy, effective governance, military prowess," she said. "Let's give them alternative answers to the questions they have that could lead them to joining."

As society grapples with these complex social issues wrought, in part, by the Internet, it's reassuring to know one of the world's biggest online businesses is seeking a solution.