馬云放棄了對阿里巴巴集團(tuán)的控制權(quán)，這家企業(yè)在馬云的帶領(lǐng)下,，創(chuàng)造了史上最巨額的財(cái)富之一,。

曾任英語教師的馬云在55歲生日當(dāng)天辭去這家中國最大公司的董事局主席一職。根據(jù)彭博億萬富翁指數(shù)(Bloomberg Billionaires Index),，馬云積累了418億美元的財(cái)富,，在亞洲僅次于印度的穆凱什·安巴尼。1999年,，他在自己的公寓里創(chuàng)業(yè),，白手起家，一躍成為一名富有的電子商務(wù)巨頭,，破紀(jì)錄一般的經(jīng)歷足以載入史冊,，這也是中國從科技落后的國家發(fā)展成世界第二大經(jīng)濟(jì)體的真實(shí)寫照。

20多年的時(shí)間里,，馬云和阿里的其他聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人共同將一個(gè)B2B市場打造成了一個(gè)價(jià)值4600億美元的電商巨頭,，這家企業(yè)擊敗了易趣和亞馬遜，運(yùn)行著全球最大的云計(jì)算業(yè)務(wù)之一,，還經(jīng)營著一個(gè)每天遞送幾百萬包裹的物流網(wǎng)絡(luò),。如今，馬云已經(jīng)成為中國最知名的商人,。周二,，他把掌門人的位置交給了金融專家張勇,，對于這家亞洲最大的公司而言，這場交接意義非凡,。

2016年,，馬云超越大連萬達(dá)集團(tuán)董事長王健林，成為亞洲首富,。根據(jù)彭博社全球最富有的500人排名，該頭銜現(xiàn)在屬于信實(shí)工業(yè)有限公司（Reliance Industries Ltd）的董事長安巴尼,，他的身價(jià)為474億美元,。

阿里巴巴的這位聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人已經(jīng)成為中國企業(yè)的代言人，他還是一名共產(chǎn)黨員,。馬云在2015年的一次采訪中回憶了肯德基曾如何拒絕他的求職申請,。目前，他持有阿里巴巴5.3%的股份,，價(jià)值246億美元,，和他2012年7.4%、價(jià)值26億美元的股份相比,，是后者的10倍左右,。自馬云于2013年擔(dān)任阿里巴巴董事局主席，截至2019年3月,，阿里巴巴的歲入增長了約1100%,，達(dá)到人民幣3788億元(合562億美元)。他的財(cái)富還不包括他的基金會持有的公司股份,，也不包括他多年來出售的股票價(jià)值,。

馬云并不是唯一一個(gè)從阿里帝國獲得巨額財(cái)富的人。阿里的發(fā)展軌跡曾一度在其生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中催生了至少其他10位億萬富翁,，從快遞公司,、超市發(fā)展到在線支付子公司，盡管馬云已辭職,，但估計(jì)他仍將是這個(gè)以電子商務(wù)為核心的龐大工業(yè)帝國的關(guān)鍵人物,。

上海一家投資咨詢公司開源資本的常務(wù)董事布洛克·西爾弗斯表示：“目前，如果沒有馬的支持,，張仍不太可能就重大事項(xiàng)做決定,。”（財(cái)富中文網(wǎng)）

譯者：Agatha

Jack Ma is giving up the reins of Alibaba Group Holding Ltd. after presiding over one of the most spectacular creations of wealth the world has ever seen.

The former English teacher steps down as executive chairman of China’s largest company on his 55th birthday after amassing a $41.8 billion fortune—a trove surpassed only by India’s Mukesh Ambani in Asia, according to the Bloomberg Billionaires Index. His record-breaking rise from a bootstrapped entrepreneur working out of his apartment in 1999 to jet-setting e-commerce mogul is one for the history books, mirroring China’s own evolution from technological backwater to world’s No. 2 economy.

Over two decades, Ma and his co-founders built a business-to-business marketplace into a $460 billion titan that bested EBay Inc. and Amazon.com Inc., operates one of the world’s largest cloud computing businesses, and runs a logistics network that delivers millions of parcels every day. Now the country’s most recognizable businessman, he hands the helm on Tuesday to finance maven Daniel Zhang—a momentous transition for Asia’s largest corporation.

Ma became Asia’s richest person in 2016, overtaking Dalian Wanda Group Chairman Wang Jianlin. The title now belongs to Reliance Industries Ltd. Chairman Ambani, who’s worth $47.4 billion, according to a Bloomberg ranking of the world’s 500 wealthiest individuals.

The Alibaba co-founder has become the face of Chinese business even while a member of the ruling Communist Party. Ma, who recalled in a 2015 interview how KFC once rejected his job application, currently owns a 5.3% Alibaba stake worth $24.6 billion, or about 10-fold the $2.6 billion his 7.4% slice in 2012 was worth. Since taking over as executive chairman in 2013, Alibaba’s revenue has surged about 1,100% to 378.8 billion yuan ($56.2 billion) in the year ended March 2019. His fortune doesn’t count shares in the company held by his foundation, or the value of stock he’s sold over time.

Ma isn’t the only person to derive fabulous wealth from the Alibaba empire. The company’s trajectory at one point spawned at least 10 other billionaires across its ecosystem, from a parcel delivery company and supermarket to an online payments affiliate. Despite stepping down, Ma is expected to remain pivotal to a sprawling industrial machine with e-commerce at its heart.

“At this point, it’s still unlikely that Zhang would make important decisions without Ma’s support,” said Brock Silvers, managing director at Shanghai-based Kaiyuan Capital, an investment advisory firm.