????近來的宕機(jī)和安全漏洞顯示,，將公司的所有或部分運(yùn)營轉(zhuǎn)向云端——大規(guī)模遠(yuǎn)距離存儲(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)集及應(yīng)用之簡稱——并非沒有風(fēng)險(xiǎn),。然而,，由于性價(jià)比極高,，云計(jì)算正在快步發(fā)展,。

????IT研究與咨詢公司IDC的最新調(diào)查顯示,，2010年，美國公司支付了215億美元的云計(jì)算服務(wù)遷移費(fèi)用,。預(yù)計(jì)到2015年,，這一數(shù)字會(huì)暴漲至729億美元。

????此外,，IDC還預(yù)計(jì),，4年之后，在應(yīng)用程序,、應(yīng)用開發(fā),、系統(tǒng)基礎(chǔ)軟件、基礎(chǔ)存儲(chǔ)和服務(wù)器等五大關(guān)鍵領(lǐng)域的IT費(fèi)用開銷中,，云計(jì)算服務(wù)將占據(jù)近一半（46%）的新增凈增長份額,。

????乍看之下，這一趨勢(shì)對(duì)公司現(xiàn)有的內(nèi)部技術(shù)人員并非什么好兆頭,，他們中一些人的工作已經(jīng)被外包給亞馬遜（Amazon）,、Dropbox、Rackspace和Terremark【今年早些時(shí)候被威瑞森（Verizon）收購】等云計(jì)算供應(yīng)商,。

????但事實(shí)上,，云技術(shù)不會(huì)導(dǎo)致工作崗位流失，而只不過會(huì)改變雇主對(duì)技能的需求,。

????云計(jì)算供應(yīng)商Hostway公司副總裁艾倫?賀羅巴夫表示：“云計(jì)算并不會(huì)取代內(nèi)部技術(shù)人員現(xiàn)有的全部工作,。而且，公司需要懂得管理云計(jì)算遷移的員工,。目前擁有這些必備技術(shù)的候選人才并不充裕,?！辟R羅巴夫還補(bǔ)充道，現(xiàn)在最熱門的專長是“混合技術(shù),，即能夠?qū)⒐镜膬?nèi)部基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和外部基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施相連接的技術(shù),。”

????技術(shù)人員編制和咨詢公司Eliassen Group的首席信息官鮑比?庫內(nèi)奧對(duì)此表示贊同,。他說從去年12月開始,，Eliassen Group發(fā)現(xiàn)“對(duì)系統(tǒng)管理員和網(wǎng)絡(luò)架構(gòu)師的需求以兩位數(shù)的增長率上漲?！?/p>

????庫內(nèi)奧表示：“IT專業(yè)人員的失業(yè)率目前僅為3%,，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)低于美國的平均失業(yè)率。一定程度上正是由于云計(jì)算技術(shù)的發(fā)展,，我們需要增加人手,。”

????他預(yù)計(jì)目前的趨勢(shì)將會(huì)持續(xù)下去,，“（云計(jì)算導(dǎo)致的）工作崗位流失被新增就業(yè)崗位所抵消,。原因之一是基于安全或執(zhí)行力等因素的考慮，許多公司都希望建造和管理自己的云服務(wù),，他們因此需要掌握虛擬化技術(shù)的員工,。”

????“第二,，與純IT業(yè)務(wù)相比,，雇主如今需要雇傭通曉項(xiàng)目管理、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制等多項(xiàng)技術(shù)的員工,?！?/p>

????庫內(nèi)奧認(rèn)為，就目前來看,，很難確定最合適的技術(shù)組合,。理想情況下，候選人才需要在不同領(lǐng)域擁有多項(xiàng)認(rèn)證,。最受歡迎的六大認(rèn)證如下：

? VMWare虛擬化專家認(rèn)證

? 思科（Cisco）設(shè)計(jì)專家認(rèn)證

? ZapThink架構(gòu)師認(rèn)證

? 開放群組（Open group）IT架構(gòu)師認(rèn)證

? 信息系統(tǒng)安全專家認(rèn)證

? 至少獲得一項(xiàng)CloudSchool.com網(wǎng)站上的云計(jì)算服務(wù)認(rèn)證

????這還不是全部,。庫內(nèi)奧表示，要想在云技術(shù)創(chuàng)造的新環(huán)境下取得成功,，“技術(shù)人員需要多才多藝,，而且精通公司戰(zhàn)略和法律責(zé)任等廣泛的商業(yè)事務(wù)。他們還需要擅長與信息技術(shù)部門之外的同事合作,?！?/p>

????這個(gè)要求不低。但艾倫?賀羅巴夫表示,，身兼數(shù)職能使工作更有意思,。他說：“比如說,，轉(zhuǎn)向云端后，技術(shù)人員就能專注于為客戶創(chuàng)造更好得用戶體驗(yàn),，而不是整天忙著維護(hù)網(wǎng)站,。如此，技術(shù)人員的工作更多的在于為公司的宏觀目標(biāo)服務(wù),，而不是為技術(shù)而技術(shù),?！?/p>

????譯者：項(xiàng)航

????Putting all or part of a company's operations on the cloud -- shorthand for large, remotely hosted data sets and applications -- isn't without risk, as recent outages and security lapses have shown. Still, cloud computing is so cost-effective that its popularity is growing by leaps and bounds.

????In 2010, U.S. firms paid $21.5 billion to make the move to cloud services, a figure expected to balloon to $72.9 billion by 2015, according to a new study by IT research and advisory firm IDC.

????Moreover, IDC predicts, four years from now cloud services will account for almost half (46%) of net new growth in overall IT spending in five key areas: applications, application development, systems infrastructure software, basic storage, and servers.

????At first glance, the trend may look ominous for in-house tech staffers, some of whose duties are already being outsourced to cloud providers like Amazon (AMZN), Dropbox, Rackspace (RAX), and Terremark (acquired by Verizon (VZ) earlier this year).

????In reality, though, the cloud won't do away with jobs so much as it will change what skills employers need.

????"The cloud doesn't replace everything in-house tech people do now," notes Aaron Hollobaugh, a vice president at cloud provider Hostway. "Besides, companies need people who understand how to manage migration to the cloud. There aren't enough job candidates with the necessary skills right now." The hottest specialty, he adds, is "hybrids, or connecting a company's internal infrastructure with an external one."

????Bob Cuneo, CIO at tech staffing and consulting firm Eliassen Group, agrees. Starting last December, he says his company has seen "a double-digit increase in requests for systems administrators and network architects.

????"Unemployment among IT professionals now is only about 3%, way lower than the national average," he adds. "That's partly because of the growth of the cloud. It's allowing us to place many more people in jobs."

????A current trend he expects will continue: "Job losses [because of the cloud] are offset by job gains, first because many companies want to build and manage their own clouds, for security or compliance reasons, and they'll need people with virtualization skills to do that.

????"And second, they'll need new hires with a broad range of skills, including project management and risk management, as opposed to pure IT."

????At the moment, Cuneo says, the right combinations of skills are hard to find. Ideally, candidates should have several different certifications. The six most in demand:

? VMWare Virtualization Certified Professional

? Cisco Certified Design Expert

? Licensed ZapThink Architect

? Open group IT Architect Certification

? Certified Information System Security Professional

? At least one of the cloud certifications available through CloudSchool.com

????And that's not all. To thrive in the new environment the cloud is creating, says Cuneo, "tech people need to be versatile and well-versed in broader business issues like corporate strategy and legal liability. They also need to be adept at collaborating with colleagues outside of IT."

????It's a tall order. But, notes Aaron Hollobaugh, wearing several hats may also make for more interesting work. "For instance, moving to the cloud lets you concentrate on creating a better user experience for customers, instead of on the day-to-day nuts and bolts of maintaining the website," he says. "It's more about serving the company's larger goals than about tech for tech's sake."