????美國(guó)政府不為奧運(yùn)健兒提供資助,，這一做法迥異于絕大多數(shù)其他國(guó)家。美國(guó)賽艇協(xié)會(huì)（the U.S. Rowing Association）首席執(zhí)行官格倫?默里指出,，美國(guó)各種運(yùn)動(dòng)隊(duì)的資金來(lái)源各不相同,，大概只有30-35%資金來(lái)自美國(guó)奧委會(huì)（the U.S Olympic Committee）的撥款——而美國(guó)奧委會(huì)的資金又是來(lái)自國(guó)際奧委會(huì)（the International Olympic Committee）?！懊绹?guó)奧委會(huì)擁有大量資金,，但需要分給各種運(yùn)動(dòng)的管理機(jī)構(gòu)，”默里說(shuō),?！敖衲晡覀儚膶乃麄兡抢锏玫?20萬(wàn)美元，有一陣子則低至只有75萬(wàn)美元,?！绷硪豁?xiàng)資金來(lái)源是私人捐贈(zèng)，少的捐10美元,，多的達(dá)到10萬(wàn)美元,，總計(jì)也有100萬(wàn)美元。第三項(xiàng)則是用高爾夫球賽（每位參加者需交5,000美元）等活動(dòng)募集資金,。每家管理機(jī)構(gòu)各顯神通,，有的從企業(yè)那里獲得的贊助較多，超過(guò)私人支持者的捐贈(zèng),。

????美國(guó)奧委會(huì)資助各類運(yùn)動(dòng)的模式并非一成不變,，過(guò)去有所謂的基礎(chǔ)資金——即每種運(yùn)動(dòng)至少都可以獲得一定額度的撥款。不過(guò),，美國(guó)奧委會(huì)體育成績(jī)負(fù)責(zé)人艾倫?阿什利表示,，奧委會(huì)逐漸改變了模式,，對(duì)各種運(yùn)動(dòng)的管理機(jī)構(gòu)實(shí)行更符合其特點(diǎn)的政策?！拔覀兣c各種國(guó)家級(jí)運(yùn)動(dòng)管理機(jī)構(gòu)的關(guān)系相當(dāng)個(gè)性化,，因此我們與柔道、賽艇和田徑協(xié)會(huì)的關(guān)系各不相同,，都是根據(jù)其需要量體裁衣,，盡可能為其訓(xùn)練營(yíng)、教練及參與適當(dāng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的策略等提供支持,。”他還指出,，決定撥款多少的因素是：此種運(yùn)動(dòng)已獲得多少獎(jiǎng)牌，以及今后贏得獎(jiǎng)牌的可能性大不大,。此外,，各管理機(jī)構(gòu)的能力,、以及他們?cè)诿绹?guó)奧委會(huì)不幫忙的情況下自行籌集資金的能力都會(huì)影響到撥款金額?！坝行┻\(yùn)動(dòng)有很多會(huì)員,，能舉辦大型活動(dòng)，還經(jīng)常上電視,，另一些運(yùn)動(dòng)則相對(duì)冷門(mén)，很難籌集到資金,，”阿什利說(shuō),。運(yùn)動(dòng)管理機(jī)構(gòu)的資金中，美國(guó)奧委會(huì)撥款所占比例介于5-95%之間,。

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????The U.S government is one of only a few countries that do not give money to Olympians. Glenn Merry, the CEO of the U.S. Rowing Association said that every team within the United States is funded differently, with only 30% to 35% of their funding coming from the U.S Olympic Committee, which receives money from the International Olympic Committee (IOC). "The U.S Olympic Committee has a pot of money that is divided between the governing bodies," said Merry. "This year we will get $1,200,000 from them, but at one point it was as low as $750,000." Another source of funding comes from private donors giving anywhere from $10 to $100,000 adding up to $1 million. Their third component comes from golf outings, a 5K run, and other fundraising events. Every governing body differs, and some might earn more money from corporate sponsors compared to private donors.

????The U.S Olympic Committee hasn't always had the same model for funding each sport. They used to have a base of funding -- every sport was guaranteed a certain amount of money. Alan Ashley, the chief of sport performance at The U.S. Olympic Committee says that, over time, the Games have moved toward a more customized approach for the governing bodies of each sport. "Our relationship with each national governing body is very customized. So our relationships with judo, rowing or track and field are all quite different. They're tailored around trying to do as much as we possibly can to support their strategy in terms of training camps, coaching, getting into the right competitions," he says. This is determined, he says, by looking at how many medals the sport has won, and if it has a good chance of winning in the future. It also varies depending on the capability of each governing body and how much money they can raise without the help of the USOC. "There are sports that have large memberships, do big events, have a lot of television presence, and then there are other ones that are relatively obscure and it's very difficult for them to raise funds," Ashley says. Governing bodies receive anywhere from 5% to 95% of their total funding from the committee.