????希拉里?克林頓宣布將第二次競(jìng)選美國(guó)總統(tǒng),，本次競(jìng)選綱領(lǐng)的核心是幫助中產(chǎn)階層走向繁榮,，她自稱(chēng)為一個(gè)“頑強(qiáng)的斗士”，必能完成使命,。這個(gè)宣傳口號(hào)和八年前希拉里首次參選時(shí)別無(wú)二致,。但是除此之外，有很多方面都發(fā)生了重大的變化,。今時(shí)今日,，希拉里已成為一個(gè)更好的溝通者，她傳達(dá)出一個(gè)更美好的理念,，而且其身處的競(jìng)選環(huán)境盡管個(gè)別領(lǐng)域還待改善,，但現(xiàn)在也比過(guò)去好多了。

????上世紀(jì)90年代,，我曾采訪過(guò)希拉里,，2000年在她競(jìng)選參議員前的傾聽(tīng)之旅中我也見(jiàn)過(guò)她，希拉里一直很有領(lǐng)袖氣質(zhì),?？戳耸畮妆P(pán)過(guò)去10年她的錄像帶后，我覺(jué)得希拉里的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)風(fēng)范在提升,。對(duì)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者來(lái)說(shuō),，領(lǐng)袖氣質(zhì)是必不可少的。那么什么是領(lǐng)袖氣質(zhì)呢？那是一種莊嚴(yán)得體的氣場(chǎng),；待人接物,，與人溝通，言談舉止,，以及外表都包含在內(nèi),。

????我們就從衡量領(lǐng)袖氣質(zhì)的三個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)入手，來(lái)看看今天的希拉里和2008年她競(jìng)選總統(tǒng)時(shí)分別有了哪些長(zhǎng)足的進(jìn)步,。

????舉止莊嚴(yán)

????研究顯示,，舉止莊嚴(yán)是所有領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者最重要的素質(zhì)。它包括外表充滿自信——這是讓別人對(duì)你有信心的關(guān)鍵,。還包括“受到攻擊和批評(píng)時(shí)展現(xiàn)出優(yōu)雅姿態(tài)”的能力,。對(duì)希拉里來(lái)說(shuō)，后者一直有些問(wèn)題,。第一次參加總統(tǒng)大選時(shí),，她表現(xiàn)得很有信心，但比現(xiàn)在急躁,，在辯論中更咄咄逼人,。如果有人用過(guò)往經(jīng)歷刺激她（比如2008年記者蒂姆?魯賽特對(duì)她的采訪），她經(jīng)常會(huì)打斷對(duì)方,，氣勢(shì)洶洶又惱怒,。當(dāng)時(shí)她身邊應(yīng)該有人在提醒她要放輕松，多笑一笑,。所以她經(jīng)常放聲大笑,，但攻擊者戲稱(chēng)為“咯咯笑”，說(shuō)她笑得不合時(shí)宜而且虛情假意,。

????說(shuō)起回答記者冗長(zhǎng)尖銳的問(wèn)題時(shí)表現(xiàn)不佳,，還真不止希拉里一個(gè)人。共和黨方面的候選人蘭德?保羅最近就和幾位女記者發(fā)生了言語(yǔ)沖突,，甚至在其中一位記者提問(wèn)時(shí)讓她“住嘴”,。無(wú)論你喜不喜歡，但這會(huì)影響一個(gè)人的受歡迎程度,，尤其是受女性歡迎的程度,。就這一點(diǎn)而言，希拉里這幾年已取得進(jìn)步,。當(dāng)有人就最近的電郵事件向她發(fā)難時(shí),，希拉里看起來(lái)像被激怒了，好像在說(shuō)這個(gè)問(wèn)題沒(méi)必要回答,。但她意識(shí)到了應(yīng)該注意這一點(diǎn),。如果人們都想知道答案,，她就必須尊重這種需求。這次她等著別人問(wèn)完問(wèn)題,，回答得鎮(zhèn)定而堅(jiān)決,，偶爾露出笑容但沒(méi)有大笑。

????溝通力

????溝通力是領(lǐng)袖氣質(zhì)中第二重要的品質(zhì),。它包括向別人傳達(dá)什么信息以及如何傳達(dá),。2008年，希拉里重點(diǎn)強(qiáng)調(diào)自己的優(yōu)勢(shì)以及她為何是合適人選,。她的貼身顧問(wèn)后來(lái)承認(rèn)，希拉里應(yīng)該在情感溝通方面下更多力氣,。這次她肯定會(huì)加強(qiáng)情感交流,，而且這事應(yīng)該不難，具體來(lái)說(shuō)有幾個(gè)原因,。

????首先,，她要證明的東西少了，反對(duì)者也沒(méi)那么多話可說(shuō),。擔(dān)任國(guó)務(wù)卿這一要職對(duì)她來(lái)說(shuō)意義重大,，而且多數(shù)人都認(rèn)為她在國(guó)際舞臺(tái)上表現(xiàn)良好。其次,，由于她更有自信,，更加放松和自然。最近在谷歌總部接受采訪時(shí),，她發(fā)現(xiàn)身后有人生病了,，雖然身在臺(tái)上，她還是立刻提出并堅(jiān)持讓那人去看病,。這種突發(fā)情況下表露出善良,，抵得上跟人握幾十次手。

????最后,，希拉里有了外孫女夏洛特,。2008年時(shí)，她很少提到母親身份或者家庭,。當(dāng)時(shí)奧巴馬對(duì)希拉里的描述是“還算討人喜歡”,，《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》最近報(bào)道稱(chēng)，希拉里聘請(qǐng)了一位教練訓(xùn)練自己,，打算提高親和力,。目前，評(píng)論期待她站在一位祖母的立場(chǎng)上發(fā)表某些觀點(diǎn),，聽(tīng)她講述為后代塑造未來(lái)的重要性,。

????外表

????外表是構(gòu)成領(lǐng)袖氣質(zhì)的很小但很重要的一部分。這方面，希拉里比首次參加競(jìng)選時(shí)優(yōu)勢(shì)更明顯,。時(shí)間過(guò)去近10年,，她的面部曲線變得更柔和，體態(tài)也有些發(fā)福,。對(duì)我們這代上了年紀(jì)的人來(lái)說(shuō),，老去的現(xiàn)實(shí)自然沒(méi)人樂(lè)意接受，但對(duì)希拉里來(lái)說(shuō),，伴隨著衰老而變?nèi)岷偷男蜗蠡蛟S是件好事,。有誰(shuí)知道一位女士的幾根白發(fā)會(huì)帶來(lái)什么樣的新價(jià)值？又有誰(shuí)知道這樣的價(jià)值對(duì)所有美國(guó)選民有什么影響呢,？（財(cái)富中文網(wǎng)）

????本文作者瑪麗?西維羅是一位高管溝通教練,，也是Civiello Communications Group公司總裁。她服務(wù)的客戶(hù)包括世界頂尖大公司,、非營(yíng)利組織以及知名初創(chuàng)企業(yè)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者,。她也是《溝通很重要：忙碌人士的商業(yè)推介法》一書(shū)作者。

????譯者：Charlie

????審校：夏林

????Hillary Clinton’s announcement on Sunday that she will seek the presidency for a second time centered on helping the middle class prosper and described herself as a ‘tenacious fighter,’ able to get the job done. The theme and characterization are the same to when she announced her first run for president 8 years ago. But beyond that, there are significant differences. Hillary today is a better communicator with a better message, in a better environment, although there’s room for improvement in a couple of areas.

????Clinton has always had good executive presence — certainly since I interviewed her in the 1990s and saw her on her listening tour before her run for the U.S. Senate in 2000. After viewing dozens of tapes of her over the past decade, it has improved. Executive presence is essential for leaders — what is it? It’s that special mix of gravitas; how you come across; how you communicate; how you speak and appear; how you look.

????We look at three measures of executive presence, and how Clinton stacks up on each today versus her last run for the White House in 2008.

????Gravitas

????Studies show gravitas is the most important ingredient for any leader. It involves the appearance of having confidence — key to winning others’ confidence. Gravitas also involves the ability to show “grace under fire.” The latter has been more of a problem for Clinton. In her first run for the White House, she appeared confident but edgier than today, more desperate to have the final word. When battered with questions on her record (for instance, her 2008 interview with journalist Tim Russert) she often interrupted and appeared aggressive and angry. Back then she no doubt had people cautioning her to lighten up and laugh more. So she often came out with a loud laugh dubbed a cackle by detractors that seemed misplaced and inauthentic.

????Reacting poorly to reporters’ tough, prolonged questioning is hardly peculiar to Clinton. Witness Rand Paul’s recent tirade at a couple of female reporters, even shushing one mid question. But like it or not, it can affect one’s like-ability factor, especially for women. On this score, Clinton has improved over the years. When challenged over her emails recently she looked irritated like she shouldn’t have to answer. She has to watch that. If there is a chorus wanting an answer she has to respect that. Still, she waited for questions to be asked, and calmly, firmly responded, with occasional smiles but no guffaws.

????Communication

????Communication is the second most important quality in executive presence. It involves connecting to people with what you say and how you say it. Hilary’s message in 2008 was focused on strength and fitness. Close advisers later acknowledged she should have done more to connect emotionally. There is no doubt she will try to do that this time, and it should be easier for several reasons.

????First, she has less to prove and more muted enemies. Having been U.S. Secretary of State is huge and most agree she did a fine job on the world stage. Secondly, as she is more confident, she is more relaxed and has become more spontaneous. At a recent interview at Google headquarters, she noticed someone fall ill in the back, and she noted it on stage trying to ensure the person got help. Unscripted kindness is worth dozens of handshakes.

????And finally, there is Charlotte, her granddaughter. In 2008, Hillary rarely mentioned motherhood or family. The New York Times recently reported Hillary had hired a new coach to get her beyond how Obama characterized her in 2008 , “just likable enough.” Critics now expect to see and hear a grandmother’s perspective and the importance of shaping the future for generations to come.

????Appearance

????Appearance is a small but important part of executive presence and this is an area where Clinton has an edge over her first run. Comparing anyone from almost a decade earlier will yield softer facial lines, and a more rounded figure. While unwelcome for most of us baby boomers, it could be a boon to Hillary who is looking to literally soften her image. Who knows what a new value placed on a few gray hairs on a woman will do for all of us.

????Executive communications coach Mary Civiello is president of Civiello Communications Group. She works with leaders at some of the world’s largest businesses and not-for-profit organizations, as well as high-profile startups. She is also author of Communication Counts: Business Presentations for Busy People.