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專欄 - 蘋果2_0

庫克為蘋果避稅案出庭作證,,毫發(fā)無傷

Philip Elmer-DeWitt 2013年05月23日

蘋果(Apple)公司內(nèi)部流傳著一個(gè)老笑話,那就是史蒂夫·喬布斯周圍是一片“現(xiàn)實(shí)扭曲力場(chǎng)”:你離他太近的話,,就會(huì)相信他所說的話,。蘋果的數(shù)百萬用戶中已經(jīng)有不少成了該公司的“信徒”,而很多蘋果投資者也賺得盆滿缽滿,。不過,,Elmer-DeWitt認(rèn)為,在報(bào)道蘋果公司時(shí)有點(diǎn)懷疑精神不是壞事,。聽他的應(yīng)該沒錯(cuò),。要知道,他自從1982年就開始報(bào)道蘋果,、觀察史蒂夫·喬布斯經(jīng)營該公司,。
在庫克出庭作證的那兩個(gè)小時(shí)里,蘋果公司的股價(jià)從每股438美元漲到了每股444美元,。他的證詞冷靜又無懈可擊,,而在場(chǎng)的參議員們大都對(duì)庫克十分恭敬,甚至有奉承之嫌,。

庫克作證,。圖片:NBC.com
?

????今年2月,,美國著名博客網(wǎng)站《赫芬頓郵報(bào)》(Huffington Post)的專欄作者賈森?吉爾伯特在審視了每次庫克公開講話當(dāng)天蘋果的股價(jià)表現(xiàn)后,在其文章標(biāo)題中總結(jié)道:

????近來已六度上演:庫克一開講,,蘋果股價(jià)就下跌

????因此,,本周二上午,蘋果投資者們將電視調(diào)到C-Span.org頻道,,觀看庫克在美國參議院常設(shè)調(diào)查委員會(huì)亮相時(shí),,頗有些戰(zhàn)戰(zhàn)兢兢。該委員會(huì)已經(jīng)對(duì)蘋果的離岸避稅天堂進(jìn)行了詳盡的調(diào)查。

????委員會(huì)于本周一發(fā)布的工作報(bào)告措辭嚴(yán)厲,。而《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》(New York Times)的頭版頭條也十分尖銳(《蘋果避稅數(shù)十億美元》),。調(diào)查委員會(huì)主席卡爾?萊文(密歇根州民主黨議員)的新聞稿言辭很激烈:

????“蘋果并不滿足于將其利潤轉(zhuǎn)移到低稅收的離岸避稅天堂?!比R文說的是蘋果的愛爾蘭子公司,,他稱:“蘋果在尋求避稅的終極途徑。它創(chuàng)建了離岸機(jī)構(gòu),,持有數(shù)百億美元,,卻不在任何地方申報(bào)納稅。我們打算揭露蘋果的這個(gè)把戲以及其它離岸避稅策略,,讓老老實(shí)實(shí)納稅的美國工薪家庭認(rèn)清,,離岸稅收漏洞應(yīng)該被堵住,因?yàn)樗鼈兺聘吡死习傩盏亩悇?wù)負(fù)擔(dān),,增加了聯(lián)邦政府赤字,。”

????不過,,緊張的蘋果投資者沒必要這么擔(dān)心,。庫克的證詞冷靜又無懈可擊,而且他作完證之后,,沒有任何人挑戰(zhàn)過他,。

????參議員們大都對(duì)庫克十分恭敬,甚至有奉承之嫌,。

????克萊爾?麥卡斯基爾(密蘇里州民主黨議員)一再表示自己是蘋果的忠實(shí)粉絲,。羅恩?約翰遜(威斯康星州共和黨議員)稱贊蘋果公司的避稅策略對(duì)股東有利。羅布?波特曼(俄亥俄州共和黨議員)只想談自己的稅收改革提案,。蘭德?保羅(肯塔基州共和黨議員)認(rèn)為調(diào)查委員會(huì)應(yīng)該向蘋果道歉,。約翰?麥凱恩(亞利桑那州共和黨議員)在大談了一通逃稅之后,想知道自己的iPhone為何老是在更新應(yīng)用,。

????In February, the Huffington Post's Jason Gilbert reviewed the performance of Apple (AAPL) shares on days that Tim Cook spoke in public and concluded, as his headline put it,

????The Last 6 Times Tim Cook Has Talked, Apple's Stock Has Dropped.

????So it was with some trepidation that Apple investors tuned in to C-Span.org Tuesday morning to watch Cook's appearance before the Senate's Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations, which had conducted a detailed probe of Apple's offshore tax havens.

????The subcommittee's staff report, released on Monday, was savage. The New York Times' front-page headline was scathing (Billions in Taxes Avoided by Apple...). Chairman Carl Levin's (Dem., Mich.) press release was fierce:

????"Apple wasn't satisfied with shifting its profits to a low-tax offshore tax haven," he said of Apple's Irish subsidiaries. "Apple sought the Holy Grail of tax avoidance. It has created offshore entities holding tens of billions of dollars, while claiming to be tax resident nowhere. We intend to highlight that gimmick and other Apple offshore tax avoidance tactics so that American working families who pay their share of taxes understand how offshore tax loopholes raise their tax burden, add to the federal deficit and ought to be closed."

????But those nervous Apple investors needn't have worried. Cook's testimony was calm and precise, and when it was over, nobody had laid a glove on him.

????The senators, for their part, were mostly respectful -- and on occasion fawning.

????Claire McCaskill (Dem., Mo.) couldn't say often enough how much she loved Apple. Ron Johnson (Rep., Wisc.) praised the company's tax minimization strategies as shareholder friendly. Rob Portman (Rep., Ohio) only wanted to talk about his tax reform proposals. Rand Paul (Rep., Ken.) thought the committee owed Apple an apology. John McCain (Rep., Ariz.), after a bout of tax dodging rhetoric, wanted to know why his iPhone was constantly updating its apps.

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