很遺憾，你沒有在美國創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄的16億美元強(qiáng)力球（Powerball）樂透大獎(jiǎng)中分得一杯羹。不過,，如果中獎(jiǎng)?wù)呤悄愕脑?，你?huì)如何用這些錢呢？

這正是強(qiáng)力球的三位獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)攥F(xiàn)在需要自問的問題,。這三位分別來自加利福尼亞州,、田納西州和佛羅里達(dá)州的幸運(yùn)兒，將共享這16億美元的大獎(jiǎng),，每個(gè)人都在一夜之間成為了億萬富翁,。還有另外80多個(gè)幸運(yùn)兒也獲得了100萬美元以上的獎(jiǎng)金。

這些人接下來的做法,，將決定這筆意外收入究竟會(huì)改善他們的生活,，還是讓他們陷入痛苦。

確實(shí),，彩票運(yùn)營機(jī)構(gòu)Camelot Group在2015年的一項(xiàng)研究表明,，贏得樂透大獎(jiǎng)的人，有44%都在五年之內(nèi)破產(chǎn),。認(rèn)證機(jī)構(gòu)Certified Financial Planner Board of Standards則表示,，有幾乎三分之一的人宣告破產(chǎn)，也就是說他們的情況比一夜暴富前更加糟糕,。其他研究還表明中獎(jiǎng)?wù)咄鶗?huì)疏遠(yuǎn)家庭和朋友,，抑郁、濫用毒品和酒精,、離婚和自殺的概率也要高于一般美國人,。

難怪有個(gè)關(guān)于理財(cái)規(guī)劃的笑話說，如果你有敵人,，就給他們買彩票吧,。

究竟是哪里出了問題？

首先,，讓我們把彩票看作現(xiàn)金,，擁有它的人就是財(cái)富的所有者。所以,，在你買了彩票之后,，在上面簽名很重要，然后你需要把它放在一個(gè)安全的地方,。否則,，彩票就可能丟失或遭竊。

其次,，在你中大獎(jiǎng)之后,，首先要通知的是財(cái)務(wù)顧問和房地產(chǎn)律師——而不是你的配偶、母親或是最好的朋友，幾乎每個(gè)中獎(jiǎng)?wù)叨际沁@么做的,。

盡管一些彩票的委員會(huì)并不公布中獎(jiǎng)?wù)叩男彰?，但如今的社交媒體讓隱姓埋名變得不太可能。只要你開始穿戴漂亮的珠寶,，買了一身新行頭或是一輛昂貴的汽車,，或是給了誰錢，你就暴露了,。父母,、兄弟姐妹、朋友,、鄰居,、同事、慈善機(jī)構(gòu)和陌生人——所有人都想從你這里拿到錢,。許多人會(huì)請(qǐng)求你,，另一些人則會(huì)用要求的口吻，他們說如果他們中了獎(jiǎng),，也會(huì)給你分錢的,。負(fù)疚和被操控的感覺將會(huì)迅速滋生。你還會(huì)收到許多投資建議：開個(gè)餐廳,！買個(gè)汽車經(jīng)銷店,！投資油井！……

對(duì)金錢的要求和需求就是你破產(chǎn)的開端,。這就是為什么你需要一個(gè)財(cái)務(wù)顧問,，來作為你的緩沖。當(dāng)有人來要錢時(shí),，你只需要說：“聯(lián)系我的顧問?！睔w咎于財(cái)務(wù)顧問——這么做能幫你維持人際關(guān)系（以及你的理智）,。

第三，你會(huì)意識(shí)到這筆飛來橫財(cái)比看起來少得多,。有個(gè)說法是這16億美元中有45%是用來交稅的,，實(shí)際情況其實(shí)比這糟得多。如果你給了最好的朋友1億美元,，你（而不是你朋友）還要交贈(zèng)與稅,。所以，除非你有非常好的繳稅或財(cái)產(chǎn)規(guī)劃的建議,，不然你最好把所有錢留下,，或是捐給慈善機(jī)構(gòu)，否則90%的獎(jiǎng)金恐怕都將上交給聯(lián)邦政府或州政府，以及充當(dāng)贈(zèng)與稅,。這就是幾乎你所有的獎(jiǎng)金,。

如果你想要獎(jiǎng)金給你帶來想象中的快樂，就停止幻想,，仔細(xì)考慮管理財(cái)富的現(xiàn)實(shí)吧,。（財(cái)富中文網(wǎng)）

里克?埃德爾曼是投資顧問公司Edelman Financial Services LLC的主席和首席執(zhí)行官。他是一名投資顧問代表,，通過該公司提供咨詢服務(wù),，同時(shí)還是Sanders Morris Harris Inc.的注冊委托人，并通過其發(fā)布證券,。埃德爾曼的公司是少有的三次進(jìn)入世界500強(qiáng)的公司之一,。Edelman Financial Services LLC提供咨詢服務(wù)。Sanders Morris Harris Inc.則提供有價(jià)證券,。后者是前者的附屬代理商和經(jīng)銷商,，也是金融業(yè)監(jiān)管局（FINRA）和證券投資者保護(hù)公司（SIPC）的會(huì)員。

譯者：嚴(yán)匡正

So you didn’t win a share of Wednesday’s record $1.6 billion Powerball lottery prize. But what would you do with all of that cash if you did win?

That’s what Powerball’s three winning ticket-holders (in California, Tennessee, and Florida) are asking themselves right now. They’ll share the $1.6 billion prize, each becoming instant centi-millionaires. More than 80 others won $1 million or more.

What all of these folks do next will determine whether their windfalls improve their lives—or leave them suffering.

Indeed, 44% of those who have ever won large lottery prizes were broke within five years, according to a 2015 Camelot Group study. The Certified Financial Planner Board of Standards says nearly a third declared bankruptcy—meaning they were worse off than before they became rich. Other studies show that lottery winners frequently become estranged from family and friends, and incur a greater incidence of depression, drug and alcohol abuse, divorce, and suicide than the average American.

No wonder financial planners joke that if you have enemies, give ’em a lottery ticket.

So where does it all go wrong?

First, realize that tickets are like cash: Whoever has possession is the owner. So it’s important to sign your ticket as soon as you buy it, and then store it in a secure place. Otherwise, you run the risk that the ticket could get lost or stolen.

Second, the first person you should tell after you win is a financial advisor and an estate attorney—not your spouse, mom, or best friend, like nearly every lottery winner does.

Although some lottery commissions let winners remain anonymous, today’s social media world makes that virtually impossible. As soon as you start wearing nice jewelry, buying a new wardrobe or an expensive car, or giving cash to anyone, you’ll be outed. And everyone—parents, siblings, friends, neighbors, coworkers, charities, and strangers—will want some of your money. Many will ask for it and some will demand it, arguing that they would’ve shared their winnings with you if they had won. The guilt trips and manipulation will start quickly. Expect also to get plenty of investment pitches: Open a restaurant! Buy a car dealership! Put money into an oil well!

Requests and demands for money is the start of your path to ruin. That’s why you need a financial advisor—to serve as your buffer. When someone asks for cash, “Call my advisor” is all you have to say. Blaming an advisor will help you preserve your relationships (and your sanity).

Third, realize that your newfound pile of cash is far smaller than it seems. Forget that nonsense that taxes will eat about 45% of the $1.6 billion. It’s far worse than that. If you give your best friend $100 million, you (not the friend) will be subject to the gift tax. So unless you get very good tax and estate planning advice, keep all of the money or donate it all to charity, as you could very well lose 90% of the prize to federal and state income and gift taxes. That’s almost all of your winnings.

If you want your prize to produce the happiness you assume it will provide, stop dreaming and start thinking about the realities of managing a fortune.

Ric Edelman, chairman and CEO of Edelman Financial Services LLC, a registered investment advisor, is an investment advisor representative who offers advisory services through EFS and is a registered principal of and offers securities through SMH. His is among the few companies that have made the Inc. 500 list three times. Advisory Services offered through Edelman Financial Services LLC. Securities offered through Sanders Morris Harris Inc., an affiliated broker/dealer, member FINRA/SIPC.