資本支出驟降先是在遭受重創(chuàng)的美國(guó)能源行業(yè)出現(xiàn)，看來已經(jīng)開始向其他行業(yè)蔓延,。

路透社的分析顯示,，和打算增加資本支出的公司相比，2016年資本支出減少或不變的公司是前者的兩倍以上,。

勒緊褲腰帶的公司分布在各行各業(yè),，而且都是一向穩(wěn)健的行業(yè)，比如醫(yī)療保健,、消費(fèi)品和餐飲,。這再次表明2016年美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)可能增長(zhǎng)乏力。

舉例來說,，2015年麥當(dāng)勞的股價(jià)上漲了26.1%,，目前處于歷史高點(diǎn)。但該公司表示,，將保持2015年約20億美元的資本支出規(guī)模不變,，而這是五年多以來預(yù)算最低水平。

制藥公司禮來同樣保持資本支出不變,。Verizon電信則計(jì)劃將資本支出從178億美元削減至172億-177億美元,。

設(shè)在匹茲堡的資產(chǎn)管理公司Fort Pitt Capital Group高級(jí)股票研究分析師金?福里斯特說：“我認(rèn)為各大公司會(huì)縮減規(guī)模，精打細(xì)算,，今后會(huì)捂緊錢包，只在該花的地方花錢,，因?yàn)橘嶅X不容易,。”

通常,，如果公司對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)好轉(zhuǎn)充滿信心,，就會(huì)增加投資。因此,，資本支出下行可能預(yù)示著今后的經(jīng)濟(jì)疲軟,。

去年第四季度公司預(yù)期收入再次下降，再加上宏觀數(shù)據(jù)顯示美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)當(dāng)季增速急速放緩,，所以企業(yè)普遍保持謹(jǐn)慎,。

當(dāng)然，一些行業(yè)形勢(shì)良好,，自身現(xiàn)金流也充沛的公司正在增加投資,。

醫(yī)藥科技公司Stryker預(yù)計(jì),，2016年資本支出將達(dá)到4.5億美元，高于2015年的2.70億美元,。Facebook今年的資本支出規(guī)模也將從25億美元增至40億-45億美元,。

不過，國(guó)際數(shù)據(jù)公司分析師史蒂芬?明頓指出,，雖然近幾年IT支出一直表現(xiàn)強(qiáng)勁,，但看來也將從高點(diǎn)回落。

他說：“美國(guó)公司將提高支出水平,，但增幅不會(huì)達(dá)到過去兩年的水平,。”

明頓預(yù)計(jì),，2016年美國(guó)公司的硬件支出將增長(zhǎng)3%,，達(dá)到1330億美元左右。作為傳統(tǒng)IT支出大戶,，通信和金融服務(wù)公司花銷將持平或略有上升,。

路透社查看了標(biāo)普500指數(shù)中提交初步業(yè)績(jī)指引的公司，其中2016年資本支出將減少或不變的至少有43家,，而提高資本支出的約有20家,。

以往，能源公司的資本支出經(jīng)常名列前茅,。而今,，能源且的資本支出仍在加速下降，這并不意外,。

2014年中以來油價(jià)不斷下滑,，能源公司大幅削減支出。今年,，能源公司將啟動(dòng)第二輪大規(guī)模節(jié)流措施,。

多家能源公司都表示2016年將減少資本支出，其中包括阿美拉達(dá)赫斯公司,、阿納達(dá)科石油公司,、哈爾孔資源、Noble Energy和Continental Resources,。

大宗商品價(jià)格全面跳水影響了材料廠商的支出水平,，比如杜邦就把資本支出從14億美元降至11億美元。鐵路等行業(yè)同樣受到了沖擊,，聯(lián)合太平洋鐵路公司和諾?？四戏焦径枷抡{(diào)了2016年的資本支出規(guī)劃。

就連受益于低油價(jià)的航空公司也開始謹(jǐn)慎起來,。比如達(dá)美航空就表示,，2016年支出將保持在30億美元,。

達(dá)美航空首席執(zhí)行官理查德?安德森說：“這確實(shí)是保持公司增長(zhǎng)的支出上限了?！保ㄘ?cái)富中文網(wǎng)）

譯者：Charlie

校對(duì)：夏林

The capital spending slump that originated in the hard-hit energy sector appears to be spreading more widely across other U.S. industries.

Companies cutting or flat-lining their capital expenditures in 2016 outpace those that say they will increase spending by a factor of more than two to one, according to a Reuters analysis.

Companies in industries as diverse—and relatively strong—as healthcare, consumer goods and restaurants are among those tightening their belts in yet another sign that economic growth in 2016 may be anemic.

For instance, McDonald’s MCD -0.53% , which saw its stock jump 26.1% in 2015 and is trading at record levels now, said it would keep capital expenditures flat with 2015 at about $2 billion, the company’s lowest budget in more than five years.

Drugmaker Eli Lilly LLY -2.68% is holding its capital expenditures budget flat and Verizon Communications VZ -1.67% said it plans to cut its budget from $17.8 billion, to between $17.2 and $17.7 billion.

“I think companies are going to be lean and mean and are going to keep the purse strings tight and only spend where absolutely necessary, because cash isn’t coming into them,” said Kim Forrest, senior equity research analyst at Fort Pitt Capital Group in Pittsburgh.

Companies typically invest more when they feel confident that the economy is improving, so a downturn in capital spending could portend further weakness ahead.

That corporate caution follows another expected decline in revenues in the fourth quarter and data showing U.S. economic growth braked sharply in the quarter.

To be sure, some well-heeled companies in healthy industries are bumping up their investments.

Medical technology company Stryker SYK -0.14% expects to have capital expenditures as high as $450 million in 2016, up from $270 million in 2015. Facebook FB -0.42% plans capital expenditures between $4 billion and $4.5 billion this year, up from $2.5 billion.

But even growth in information technology spending—which has been strong in recent years—appears to be off its recent peaks, according to International Data analyst Stephen Minton.

“U.S. companies will increase their spending, but not by the rate it has been over the last two years,” he said.

Hardware spending in 2016 for all U.S. companies is expected to grow 3% to about $133 billion. Telecommunications and financial services companies—typically among the biggest spenders on IT—are expected to have flat to little growth in spending, he said.

At least 43 companies plan to cut, or leave unchanged, their capital spending levels in 2016, while about 20 are increasing, according to a Reuters review of Standard & Poor’s 500 companies that have given explicit early guidance.

Not surprisingly, the collapse in capital spending by energy companies—which typically lead in capital expenditures—appears to be accelerating.

This year marks the second round of big cuts for energy companies, which have had to sharply scale back spending because of the drop in oil prices since mid-2014.

A slew of energy names have announced capital expenditures cuts for 2016 including Hess HES -5.75% , Anadarko Petroleum APC 2.64% , Halcon Resources HK -8.40% , Noble Energy NBL -3.10% and Continental Resources.

The broad slump in commodities prices has hit spending by materials companies, including DuPont DD 5.40% , which is cutting capital spending from $1.4 billion to $1.1 billion, and industrials such as railroads Union Pacific UNP -1.89% and Norfolk Southern NSC -5.11% , both of which slashed capital spending plans for 2016.

Even airlines, which benefit from low energy prices, are being careful. Delta Air Lines DAL -3.54% , for example, said it would hold the line in 2016 at $3 billion in spending.

“That is really the optimum number that we can execute on,” said Richard Anderson, Delta chief executive.