????考察日產(chǎn)（Nissan）CEO 卡洛斯?戈恩 2011年1,250萬(wàn)美元年薪有一角度，那就是把它與日本汽車巨頭同行的年薪作一比較,。目前為止,，他的年薪可謂一騎絕塵、遙遙領(lǐng)先,。

????然而從全球范圍來(lái)看,，戈恩的年薪還不到福特（Ford Motor）CEO艾倫?穆拉利的一半，后者納入囊中的年收入高達(dá)2,890萬(wàn)美元,。戈恩與穆拉利都是扭虧專家,，他們都曾帶領(lǐng)各自的公司反敗為勝，并由此一舉成名,。

????CEO薪酬在普通員工看來(lái)也許高得離譜,。然而在高管資源稀缺的環(huán)境下,，各汽車廠商為了獵聘高管展開(kāi)了白熱化競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，其高管需要有能力領(lǐng)導(dǎo)一家龐大復(fù)雜,、并且在全球開(kāi)展業(yè)務(wù)的制造型企業(yè),。曾經(jīng)遭遇滑鐵盧的高管不在少數(shù)，由此也可以看出這份工作的不易,。正如倫敦亞洲汽車情報(bào)公司（Intelligence Automotive Asia）總經(jīng)理阿什溫?科泰對(duì)彭博新聞社（Bloomberg News）說(shuō)的那樣：“戈恩的成績(jī)令人難以置信,，他用了10到12年就將日產(chǎn)重新打造為實(shí)力雄厚的公司?！彼麑⒏甓鞯男剿Q為“日產(chǎn)為其出色業(yè)績(jī)起碼應(yīng)當(dāng)支付的價(jià)格,。”

????豐田（Toyota）CEO豐田章男2011年的收入僅為170萬(wàn)美元,。這一年是日本汽車史上最黯淡的年份之一,，由于地震、海嘯以及美國(guó)民眾對(duì)其安全性揮之不去的疑慮,，日本汽車遭到重創(chuàng),，目前依然還在緩慢恢復(fù)之中。豐田的薪水與前一年持平,。本田（Honda）CEO伊東孝紳2011年的薪水事實(shí)上還縮水了5%,，僅有154萬(wàn)美元。本田在當(dāng)年也深受地震影響,，它在美國(guó)的銷量也下滑了將近7%,。

????日本的CEO雖然不乏汽車、房產(chǎn)以及俱樂(lè)部會(huì)員等福利,，但是他們的薪酬通常遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)低于西方同行,。日產(chǎn)聲明自己的高管薪酬參照的是跨國(guó)公司薪資水平，尤其是那些高管團(tuán)隊(duì)成員國(guó)籍多元化的公司——這一特征使其從豐田等大多數(shù)日系公司中脫穎而出,。

????根據(jù)日產(chǎn)的研究報(bào)告,，全球各大公司CEO們2011年的平均收入為1,610萬(wàn)美元，而汽車行業(yè)CEO的平均年薪為1,750萬(wàn)美元,。

????薪水排在穆拉利之后的是大眾（Volkwagen AG）的馬丁?文德恩,，其收入為2,310萬(wàn)美元，高于全球其它汽車CEO的收入,。這與大眾196億美元的出色業(yè)績(jī)可謂遙相輝映,，因?yàn)樵摌I(yè)績(jī)?cè)谒衅噺S商中也排名第二，同樣排在福特之后,。文德恩在德國(guó)梅賽德斯（Mercedes）的同行蔡澈當(dāng)年收到的薪水僅為1,140萬(wàn)美元,。

????曾經(jīng)憑借其天才拯救克萊斯勒（Chrysler）和菲亞特（Fiat）于水火之中的塞爾吉奧?馬爾喬內(nèi)去年獲得的收入為1,620萬(wàn)美元。然而,，馬爾喬內(nèi)未來(lái)還需要繼續(xù)出奇制勝,，因?yàn)檫@兩家公司尚在合并過(guò)程中,，目前還沒(méi)有能力生產(chǎn)出可持續(xù)發(fā)展所需的汽車數(shù)量。當(dāng)然,，這得由馬爾喬內(nèi)說(shuō)了算,。目前，他已經(jīng)要求關(guān)閉了歐洲過(guò)量的汽車產(chǎn)能——但是目前效果還不明顯,。

????美國(guó)高管薪酬最低的當(dāng)屬通用（General Motors）CEO艾克森,。其年薪僅為900萬(wàn)美元，這份收入其實(shí)并不少,。該公司2009年有過(guò)破產(chǎn)經(jīng)歷,，目前尚有25%的股份掌握在美國(guó)政府手中——現(xiàn)在離美國(guó)總統(tǒng)大選還有5個(gè)月。因此,，這份薪水不過(guò)從政治角度和透明度角度反映了大眾對(duì)這家公司的接受程度,。

????戈恩也許同樣感受到了些許來(lái)自政府的薪酬壓力——法國(guó)政府的壓力，因?yàn)榉▏?guó)政府在雷諾（Renault）也擁有股份,。他目前在雷諾的工作為他贏得了370萬(wàn)美元的薪酬?？紤]到他在日產(chǎn)的職責(zé),，戈恩在雷諾董事會(huì)眼中也許只不過(guò)是一名兼職員工。

????譯者：王駿

????One view of Nissan CEO Carlos Ghosn's salary of $12.5 million in 2011 is its relation to those of his peers at Japan's top automakers. It's the biggest by far.

????On a global scale, Ghosn earned less than half of the $28.9 million that Ford Motor (F) CEO Alan Mulally brought home. Ghosn and Mulally both made their reputations as turnaround specialists, leading their companies from the brink of disaster to prosperity.

????CEO pay may never strike the average worker as rational. In the rarified air of the corporate suite, competition is hot and heavy among automakers to hire an executive with the chops to lead a large complex manufacturing organization that operates worldwide. The number who have failed suggests it's not an easy job. As Ashvin Chotai of London-based Intelligence Automotive Asia told Bloomberg News, Ghosn "has done an incredible job in the 10, 12 years turning Nissan into a very solid company again." He called Ghosn's salary "a small price Nissan has to pay for his success."

????Toyota (TM) CEO Akio Toyoda earned $1.7 million in a year that was one of the weakest in the Japanese automaker's history, as it recovered from disruption caused by earthquake and tsunami as well as lingering fallout from safety concerns in the U.S. Toyoda's pay was the same as the year before. Honda's (HMC) CEO Takanobu Ito actually took a 5% cut in pay to $1.54 million in 2011, a year in which Honda also suffered from earthquake-related disruptions and a nearly 7% slide in U.S. sales.

????Japanese CEOs are usually paid far less in salary than Western counterparts, though their compensation often includes perks such as cars, houses and club memberships. Nissan (NSANY) says it benchmarks the pay of its executives against those of multinationals, especially those with diverse nationalities in its executive ranks -- a characteristic that distinguishes it from Toyota and most Japanese companies.

????According to the Nissan study, CEOs at major industrial companies worldwide were paid an average of $16.1 million in 2011, while the average for automotive CEOs was $17.5 million.

????Behind Mulally but leading the rest of the world's automotive CEOs in pay was Martin Winterkorn of Volkwagen AG. Winterkorn received $23.1 million, a sum that seemed to match VW's prodigious profit of $19.6 billion, second highest among all automakers after Ford. Winterkorn's Mercedes counterpart in Germany, Dieter Zetsche, was paid $11.4 million for the year.

????Sergio Marchionne, whose wizardry so far has saved Chrysler and Fiat from liquidation, earned $16.2 million last year. He will need even more magic going forward because the two companies, which are in the process of becoming one, don't build enough vehicles to be a sustainable enterprise. That judgment is Marchionne's, who has called for closure of excess automaking capacity in Europe -- so far with little result.

????In the U.S. the smallest paycheck was drawn by General Motors (GM) CEO Dan Akerson. His $9 million compensation wasn't paltry, it simply reflected the politics and optics of what's acceptable for a company that went through bankruptcy in 2009 and is 25%-owned by the U.S. government -- five months before a presidential election.

????Ghosn also may be feeling a bit of salary pressure from government -- the French government, which owns a stake in Renault. For his Renault work he receives about $3.7 million. In light of his duties at Nissan, perhaps the Renault board sees Ghosn as a part-time worker.