????本文為與《創(chuàng)業(yè)者》雜志的合作內(nèi)容,。下文最初發(fā)表于Entrepreneur.com網(wǎng)站。

????職業(yè)高爾夫球手菲爾?米克爾森認(rèn)為,，根據(jù)不同的情況選擇合適的球桿,，是比賽成功的第一步。選錯(cuò)球桿就可能丟分，不論你的揮桿多么完美,。但適合特殊擊球點(diǎn)的球桿的使用效果,，也會(huì)因球手的能力不同而有所變化。

????創(chuàng)業(yè)同樣如此,。要取得成功,，你需要根據(jù)具體情況選擇合適的工具。這些工具可能是你聘用的某位員工或者你使用的某款軟件,。處在類似情況下的兩家公司,，適合它們的工具也會(huì)有所不同。如果你經(jīng)常觀看高爾夫球比賽,，你可以從中找到許多可以指導(dǎo)創(chuàng)業(yè)的信息,。以下是高爾夫球比賽帶給我們的五點(diǎn)教益：

????1. 創(chuàng)業(yè)要比你想象的更難，但這沒什么大不了的,。

????一開始,，創(chuàng)業(yè)者往往經(jīng)驗(yàn)不足，并不知道經(jīng)營(yíng)一家公司是多么困難,。我們常常以職業(yè)選手（高爾夫球賽和商界）為榜樣,，在大多數(shù)時(shí)間內(nèi)，他們似乎總能游刃有余地完成手頭的工作,。但事實(shí)并非如此,。創(chuàng)業(yè)需要時(shí)間、耐心和練習(xí),。你只要在練習(xí)場(chǎng)呆上五分鐘就會(huì)明白。幾乎所有高爾夫球手或商界領(lǐng)袖在取得非凡成功之前,，都經(jīng)歷過(guò)數(shù)年的艱辛,，日復(fù)一日地磨練自己的技能。你在付出這些努力的時(shí)候,，沒有人給你榮耀或贊揚(yáng),。為了實(shí)現(xiàn)在創(chuàng)業(yè)之初和創(chuàng)業(yè)過(guò)程中設(shè)想的長(zhǎng)期目標(biāo)，創(chuàng)業(yè)者必須經(jīng)歷這一切,。

????2. 制定一項(xiàng)策略,。

????如果你看過(guò)職業(yè)高爾夫球賽，你肯定聽解說(shuō)員講過(guò)球員或他們的球童在開始一局比賽之前,，總會(huì)沿著球場(chǎng)走一遍,。許多歷史上最偉大的高爾夫球手，比如杰克?尼克勞斯,，都是通過(guò)這種方式來(lái)了解球場(chǎng)的布局,，確定球洞的位置，發(fā)現(xiàn)潛在的問(wèn)題。之后,，優(yōu)秀的球手會(huì)回到起點(diǎn)制定比賽策略,。高爾夫球手通常會(huì)制定每一個(gè)球洞的擊球策略。運(yùn)營(yíng)公司同樣如此,。你應(yīng)該認(rèn)真考慮制定具體項(xiàng)目的策略,、一年、三年,、五年甚至更長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的策略,。

????以蘋果公司為iPad Air制定的策略為例。iPad Air的售價(jià)為499美元,，生產(chǎn)成本為274美元,。其他競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手的平板設(shè)備基本上都低于200美元。但由于蘋果通過(guò)多種營(yíng)銷途徑,，將其產(chǎn)品與競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手區(qū)分開來(lái),，因此其平板電腦依舊可以賣出高價(jià)。這些賣點(diǎn)現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)家喻戶曉,，比如設(shè)計(jì),、軟件和易用性等。重點(diǎn)在于,，蘋果公司的戰(zhàn)略家們制定了產(chǎn)品不同階段的計(jì)劃,，并極其高效地執(zhí)行了這些策略。

????3. 做自己應(yīng)該做的事情,。

????你見過(guò)老虎伍茲或者羅伊?麥克唐納自己拿高爾夫球袋嗎,？肯定沒有，至少不會(huì)在職業(yè)比賽期間,。為什么,？因?yàn)檫@不是他們應(yīng)該做的工作。他們需要專注于自己的目標(biāo)：以更少的桿數(shù)完成比賽,。許多球童也是非常熟練的高爾夫球手,，但在兩個(gè)人的關(guān)系當(dāng)中，他最大的貢獻(xiàn)便是拿著高爾夫球袋,，幫助職業(yè)選手做出高難度擊球的決策,。對(duì)于創(chuàng)業(yè)者來(lái)說(shuō)，你應(yīng)該在身邊招募一批能讓你以最高水平履行自己職責(zé)的人,。單槍匹馬的創(chuàng)業(yè)者也可以將工作外包,，讓自己有時(shí)間做一些對(duì)公司利害攸關(guān)的工作。如果你是一家初創(chuàng)公司的CEO,，你不應(yīng)該再為外賣什么時(shí)候給員工送餐這種事費(fèi)心,。委派和信任你聘用的員工,，讓他們各司其職，做好自己應(yīng)該做的工作,。

????4. 直面逆境,。

????我想沒有幾位高爾夫球手會(huì)告訴你，他們打出過(guò)完美的比賽,。我經(jīng)常聽到高爾夫球手們說(shuō),，你只能期待“錯(cuò)誤最少”的一局比賽。即便最出色的比賽,，通常也會(huì)有一兩次擊球讓球手陷于困難的境地,。關(guān)鍵是要保持專注，不要讓一兩次壞的擊球毀掉后面的比賽,。如果你是創(chuàng)業(yè)者,，你會(huì)遇到許多意外，這些意外會(huì)對(duì)你產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響,。重要的是要記住,，你必須專注于自己的方向（目標(biāo)/球洞），不要因?yàn)橐淮问д`便失魂落魄,，無(wú)心比賽,。

????家具零售商Discount Designer Furnishings的老板珍妮弗?史考利，曾經(jīng)淪落到破產(chǎn)和無(wú)家可歸的境地,，但后來(lái)卻擁有了一家年收入30萬(wàn)美元的公司,。與她一樣，你可能需要改造或者拓展自己的能力,，但你必須始終專注于目標(biāo),，避免讓負(fù)面情緒影響你。

????5. 開局慢熱沒關(guān)系,，強(qiáng)勢(shì)收尾才重要,。

????許多公司所有人，尤其是創(chuàng)業(yè)者,，一旦一開始沒有“火起來(lái)”便會(huì)自暴自棄。他們腦海里充滿了質(zhì)疑的聲音,，他們可能會(huì)懷疑自己和他們的決定,。高爾夫比賽共有18洞——分為前九洞和后九洞。熱心的球迷和職業(yè)選手會(huì)告訴你,，冠軍通常在后九洞決出的,。許多球手開局并不順利，但經(jīng)過(guò)幾桿之后,，他們慢慢找到了比賽節(jié)奏,。之后他們會(huì)保持這種勢(shì)頭,，直到比賽結(jié)束。

????創(chuàng)業(yè)難,，但一開始的不順暢并不意味著未來(lái)不會(huì)持續(xù)走強(qiáng),。在堅(jiān)持?jǐn)?shù)周或數(shù)月完善公司運(yùn)營(yíng)之前，不要質(zhì)疑自己,。如果你每天的工作沒有帶來(lái)你所希望的成功或利潤(rùn),，可以對(duì)你的產(chǎn)品或經(jīng)營(yíng)方式做一些改變。生存下去,，尋找正確的發(fā)展途徑,，并取得最終勝利。（財(cái)富中文網(wǎng)）

????譯者：劉進(jìn)龍/汪皓

????審校：任文科

????This post is in partnership with Entrepreneur. The article below was originally published atEntrepreneur.com.

????According to professional golfer Phil Mickelson, choosing the right club for the situation is the first step if you’re going to be successful at any point. If you choose the wrong club you will miss your mark, no matter how well you swing. Also, the club that is right for a particular shot will change depending on the player’s ability.

????The same is true in business. To succeed, you need to choose the right tool for the situation. That tool may be a particular hire that you make or what software you use. The tool that is right for your business in a particular situation can be different from what is right for another business in a similar situation. If you look at the game of golf long enough, you start seeing ways it can inform your entrepreneurial career. Here are five of those lessons.

????1. It’s harder than you thought, and that’s OK.

????Entrepreneurs often begin their businesses with a fair degree of inexperience, not realizing that running your own business is hard. We often look at the pros (in golf and in business), and most of the time they make it look easy. It’s not. It just takes time, patience, and practice. All you have to do is spend five minutes at a driving range to find that out. It is exceedingly rare to find the athlete or business leader who reached great success without years of painstaking, often repetitive, honing of skills. Much of this hard work is done without glory or praise. The entrepreneur goes through it all for the long-term goals he or she envisioned at the beginning and along the way.

????2. Have a strategy.

????If you watch a professional golf tournament, you’ll hear commentary about the players or their caddies walking the course before they play a round. Many of history’s greatest players, like Jack Nicklaus, did this to get the layout of the course, know the hole positions and discover any potential problems. After doing this, top players will go back and develop a strategy for how they will attack the course. Often times, players will have a strategy for how they play each and every hole. The same is true when running your own business. You should strongly consider building strategies for individual projects, your first year, three years, five years, and beyond.

????Consider Apple’s iPad Air strategy. The iPad Air sells for $499 and costs $274 to make. Some competing tablets sell for close to $200 less. Still, Apple is able to sell its tablet for these premiums because of the multiple ways company marketing has differentiated this product from competitors. These selling points are almost universally famous now. They include design, software and usability, among others. The point is, company strategists created plans for different stages of products and executed them, obviously highly effectively in this case.

????3. Do the job you’re meant to do.

????Do you ever see Tiger Woods or Rory McDonald carry their golf bag? You won’t, at least not during a professional tournament. Why not? It’s not the job they’re suppose to be doing. They need to focus on finishing the course in fewer strokes than anyone else. Many caddies are also very accomplished golfers, but their best contribution to the duo is carrying the bag and helping the professionals talk through difficult shots. For every business owner, you need to have people surrounding you that help you function at your highest level. Even solo-preneurs can outsource tasks that would free up their time to do more productive things for their business. If you’re CEO of a startup, you shouldn’t be tasked with organizing when and how the food delivery service brings meals for employees during the week. Delegate, and trust the employees you’ve hired to deliver in the areas they’ve been hired for.

????4. Count on adversity.

????I doubt any golfer would tell you that they’ve ever played a perfect round. Time and time again, I hear golfers say that the best you can hope for is a round with the “fewest mistakes.” Even the best rounds usually have one or two shots that put players in a difficult spot. The key is to stay focused and not let one or two bad shots color the ones that come after. If you are running your own business, there will be some surprises that take you off guard and have a negative impact on you. The important thing to remember is that you must stay focused on where you need to go (the goal/the hole), and don’t let a bad break here or there take you mentally out of the game.

????Consider the example of Jennifer Scully, owner of Discount Designer Furnishings. She went from being broke and homeless to owning a business that makes over $300,000 a year. Like her, you may need to adapt, or even stretch your abilities, but you have to keep your eye on the goal and avoid letting emotion negatively affect you.

????5. Even if you start slow, finish strong.

????Many business owners, especially entrepreneurs, get down on themselves if they don’t start out “on fire.” Doubts fill their minds and they may question themselves and their decisions. In golf, you have the front nine and back nine — 18 holes. Avid golf fans and the pros themselves will tell you that championships are often decided on the back nine. Many players start off shaky, but they find their rhythm after a few holes. Then they continue to build that momentum all the way through the end.

????Being a business owner is tough, but just because the beginning may not go smoothly, that doesn’t mean that you don’t have a strong run ahead of you. Don’t truly start to question yourself until you’ve had many weeks or months of refining business operations. If your daily work just isn’t resulting in the success or profit you’d hoped for, make changes to your productor to how you do things. Stay in the game and find a way to finish strong.