美國前副總統(tǒng)喬·拜登成立了一家新的非營利組織,，名為“拜登抗癌行動”,，成員包括知名癌癥專家大衛(wèi)·阿古斯博士、前美國國家經(jīng)濟委員會主任杰夫·齊恩茨等,。上周四上午多位成員在《財富》聯(lián)合發(fā)表了一篇文章,，闡述了新機構(gòu)的使命。他們寫道：“拜登抗癌行動希望解決拖延抗癌行動的機制和機構(gòu)性問題,，為現(xiàn)有數(shù)十家抗癌基金會的工作提供補充并加快進程,，而非做同質(zhì)化努力?！?

這是拜登抗癌戰(zhàn)役的最新進展。以下簡要介紹了他為何對抗癌滿腔熱情,，為何發(fā)起抗癌行動,，以及具體目標(biāo)。

早年環(huán)保工作

拜登對抗癌癥的源頭始于從政初期,。1972年當(dāng)選參議員以后,，拜登主張減少有害氣體排放，積極支持環(huán)保立法和監(jiān)管,。擔(dān)任參議員多年,，他一直堅持不懈，參與支持多個環(huán)保法案,，包括監(jiān)測石油與天然氣煙囪排放物的汞含量,，并要求美國環(huán)保署（EPA）評估風(fēng)險。有大量證據(jù)證明,，空氣質(zhì)量等環(huán)境因素會提高罹患癌癥的風(fēng)險,。

長子患癌

2013年,，拜登的長子、前特拉華州首席檢察官博·拜登確診患腦癌,，拜登由此體會到癌癥帶來的切膚之痛,。兩年后博去世，年僅46歲,。因喪子之痛,，拜登決定放棄競選2016年美國民主黨總統(tǒng)候選人,。

抗癌大計

博·拜登去世后不久,，時任總統(tǒng)巴拉克·奧巴馬讓拜登指揮全國的抗癌行動。（奧巴馬本人曾呼吁,，讓美國成為第一個治愈癌癥的國家,。）任內(nèi)發(fā)布的最后一份國情咨文中，奧巴馬宣布成立抗癌“登月計劃”團隊,，任命拜登為負責(zé)人,。

“去年，副總統(tǒng)拜登說要搞一個新的登月計劃,，即推動美國治愈癌癥,。”去年1月奧巴馬在國情咨文講話中說,。他提到了拜登曾協(xié)助美國國立衛(wèi)生研究院（NIH）籌措資金,。他表示，“今晚,，我宣布啟動新的全國行動進一步為理想努力,。過去四十年里，拜登在很多事情上做了很多先期努力,，所以我任命拜登負責(zé)總體指揮,。為了失去的愛人，為了等待挽救的家庭,，讓我們共同努力,，讓美國成為徹底治愈癌癥的國家吧?！?

基因組數(shù)據(jù)共享

拜登很快投身新的登月計劃,，邀請美國醫(yī)療領(lǐng)域官員、癌癥研究機構(gòu),、醫(yī)藥公司等多個領(lǐng)域的相關(guān)人士參加一系列會議和戰(zhàn)略會晤,。2016年6月，他在美國臨床腫瘤學(xué)會（ASCO）年會上發(fā)表了主旨演講,，該會議是全球癌癥研究領(lǐng)域規(guī)模最大的,，與會者超過3萬人,。

講話中拜登宣布設(shè)立新的聯(lián)邦政府?dāng)?shù)據(jù)庫“基因組數(shù)據(jù)共享計劃”，隸屬國家癌癥研究所（NCI）,。該機構(gòu)的目的是什么,？主要是協(xié)助潛心研究的人員和機構(gòu)分享數(shù)據(jù)，促進癌癥治療,?！皬默F(xiàn)在起，凡是NCI資助的試驗,，所有信息都必須提交至數(shù)據(jù)庫,，”拜登說,，“想象一下所有研究人員通力合作的場景,。”

去年秋天,，美國衛(wèi)生及公共服務(wù)部（HHS）與NIH確定了一些新的法規(guī),，規(guī)定政府資助的研究者如果沒能及時分享臨床試驗研究數(shù)據(jù)，將面臨經(jīng)濟處罰,。

拜登抗癌行動

卸下副總統(tǒng)之位后,，拜登繼續(xù)致力于消除攻克癌癥的結(jié)構(gòu)性障礙,，力度甚至較在任時加倍,。今年3月，拜登出席了在德州奧斯汀舉行的音樂,、科技與藝術(shù)節(jié)“西南偏南”（SXSW）。拜登告訴現(xiàn)場聽眾,，他曾轉(zhuǎn)告奧巴馬總統(tǒng),，他“原本很樂意成為領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人們戰(zhàn)勝癌癥的總統(tǒng),。”

今年5月舉行的第二屆《財富》年度頭腦風(fēng)暴健康大會上,，拜登發(fā)表了主旨演講,。他表示，拜登抗癌行動將成為下一個登月計劃,，他將繼續(xù)解決數(shù)據(jù)孤島，藥品監(jiān)管流程緩慢,，以及抗癌藥成本高等問題,。（財富中文網(wǎng)）

譯者：Pessy

審校：夏林

A History of Joe Biden’s War on Cancer

Former Vice President Joe Biden has launched a new nonprofit called the Biden Cancer Initiative. Several of Biden's compatriots in that organization, including renowned cancer specialist Dr. David Agus and former National Economic Council director Jeff Zients, have a piece up on Fortune this morning describing its mission. "The Biden Cancer Initiative will complement and accelerate, not duplicate, the work of the scores of cancer foundations that exist today by addressing the institutional and structural issues that slow down progress in fighting all forms of cancer," they write.

This is the latest salvo in the Vice President's war on cancer. Here's a brief history of what led to his passion for the issue, and the initiatives and goals he's taken on in the fight.

Early environmental work

Biden's history with combating cancer arguably began in the nascent years of his career. After being elected to the Senate in 1972, Biden became a major proponent of environmental protection legislation and regulations to cut harmful emissions. He continued those efforts throughout his expansive career in the Senate, signing on to legislation to include oil and gas smokestacks emissions in mercury regulations and requiring Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) risk assessments. There is significant evidence that environmental factors, including air quality, can increase cancer risks.

Beau Biden's cancer

The former vice president's involvement with cancer became personal when his late son, former Delaware Attorney General Beau Biden, was diagnosed with brain cancer in 2013. Two years later, the younger Biden died at the age of 46, eventually prompting his father's decision not to run for the 2016 Democratic nomination for president.

The Cancer Moonshot

Soon after the Beau Biden tragedy, then-President Barack Obama put Biden into the forefront of a national cancer fight. (Obama himself had previously called for making America the country that finds a cure for cancer.) During his final State of the Union address, Obama announced a National Cancer Moonshot task force and appointed Biden to head it.

"Last year, Vice President Biden said that with a new moonshot, America can cure cancer," said Obama during his speech last January, adding that Biden previously worked to boost funding for the National Institutes of Health (NIH). "Tonight, I’m announcing a new national effort to get it done. And because he’s gone to the mat for all of us, on so many issues over the past forty years, I’m putting Joe in charge of Mission Control. For the loved ones we’ve all lost, for the family we can still save, let’s make America the country that cures cancer once and for all."

A Genomic Data Commons

Biden quickly got to work on the initiative, setting up meetings and strategy sessions with a variety of stakeholders including U.S. health officials, cancer research institutes, drug companies, and others. In June 2016, he delivered the keynote speech at the American Society of Clinical Oncology's (ASCO) annual meeting—the largest cancer conference in the world with more than 30,000 attendees.

In that address, Biden announced a new federal Genomic Data Commons that would be housed under the National Cancer Institute (NCI). Its purpose? To get reticent researchers and institutions to share their data and hasten cures. "All information from trials funded by NCI from this point on will have to be submitted to the database," said Biden. "Imagine if you all worked together."

Last fall, the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) and NIH finalized new rules that would cost government-funded researchers a financial penalty if they fail to post their clinical trial researchers in a timely manner.

The Biden Cancer Initiative

After leaving the White House, Biden has continued—and even doubled down on—his dedication to fighting the structural barriers to finding cancer cures. During an appearance at the South By Southwest (SXSW) music, technology, and arts festival in Austin, Texas in March, Biden told the audience that he had relayed to President Obama that he "would have loved to have been the president who presided over the end of cancer as we know it."

In May, Biden was the keynote speaker at Fortune's second annual Brainstorm Health conference. There, he stated that the Biden Cancer Initiative would be the next iteration of the Moonshot, and that he would continue to tackle issues like data silos, slow drug regulatory pathways, and the high cost of cancer drugs through the organization.