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近日,，特朗普總統(tǒng)宣布將暫緩執(zhí)行甚至取消前總統(tǒng)巴拉克·奧巴馬提出的國(guó)際創(chuàng)業(yè)者條例。該條例允許移民企業(yè)家在美國(guó)創(chuàng)立公司,。此舉相當(dāng)于對(duì)美國(guó)初創(chuàng)公司的生態(tài)環(huán)境狠狠動(dòng)了一刀,，無(wú)論從短期還是長(zhǎng)期來(lái)看，都會(huì)損害到美國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì),。他的政策也會(huì)讓人們對(duì)美國(guó)全球創(chuàng)新領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者的形象產(chǎn)生質(zhì)疑,。

國(guó)際創(chuàng)業(yè)者條例為想來(lái)美國(guó)的企業(yè)家設(shè)立了嚴(yán)格的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。例如,，他們必須擁有公司至少10%的股份,，公司必須有迅速發(fā)展的潛力,，從而創(chuàng)造收入和工作崗位。實(shí)際上,，美國(guó)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)投資協(xié)會(huì)支持這種做法,，因?yàn)樗麄冋J(rèn)識(shí)到了移民給美國(guó)做出的貢獻(xiàn)。美國(guó)國(guó)土安全部估計(jì),，每年通過(guò)該條例得以進(jìn)入美國(guó)的企業(yè)家移民約為2,940人,。特朗普延緩甚至取消這一條例，相當(dāng)于忽視美國(guó)面臨的嚴(yán)重挑戰(zhàn)——我們需要填滿(mǎn)并跨越這一創(chuàng)新缺口,。按照美國(guó)在線(xiàn)創(chuàng)始人史蒂夫·凱斯的話(huà)說(shuō),，特朗普的決定是“巨大的錯(cuò)誤”。

美國(guó)已經(jīng)陷入了創(chuàng)業(yè)減速的泥潭中,。2014年新創(chuàng)立的公司剛過(guò)45萬(wàn)家,，比起20世紀(jì)80年代到21世紀(jì)頭十年中期的50萬(wàn)至60萬(wàn)有著明顯下降。年齡30歲以下的企業(yè)家數(shù)量也接近了24年來(lái)的最低點(diǎn),。千禧一代創(chuàng)立公司的速度還不夠快,。

誠(chéng)然，2008年的金融危機(jī)不僅搞砸了房地產(chǎn)和股票市場(chǎng),，也抑制了許多美國(guó)人的冒險(xiǎn)欲望,。在信貸市場(chǎng)受迫的情況下，想要成為企業(yè)家的人很難在開(kāi)公司和追逐夢(mèng)想時(shí)獲得資本保證,。盡管商業(yè)行情確實(shí)看漲,，考夫曼創(chuàng)業(yè)活動(dòng)指數(shù)也在上升，但美國(guó)仍然沒(méi)有恢復(fù)曾經(jīng)初創(chuàng)公司茁壯成長(zhǎng)的景象,，全球創(chuàng)新先鋒的地位也不再穩(wěn)固,。

我們可以而且應(yīng)該允許移民來(lái)填補(bǔ)我們的創(chuàng)業(yè)缺口。移民是敢于冒險(xiǎn)的,。離開(kāi)故土?xí)屇銦o(wú)所畏懼,，樂(lè)于改變，面對(duì)挫敗也能迅速恢復(fù),。引人注目的一點(diǎn)在于,，2010年的《財(cái)富》500強(qiáng)榜單中，由移民和第一代美國(guó)人創(chuàng)立的公司占到了驚人的40%,。這些公司包括麥當(dāng)勞,、蘋(píng)果和通用電氣。

歷史上看,，移民占美國(guó)人口的10.5%,，所以他們?cè)趧?chuàng)立長(zhǎng)久存續(xù)的公司，幫助美國(guó)創(chuàng)造未來(lái)的工作崗位上發(fā)揮了超出自己比例的作用。這些由移民創(chuàng)立的《財(cái)富》500強(qiáng)公司在美國(guó)擁有360萬(wàn)員工,，在全球擁有1,000萬(wàn)員工,。他們創(chuàng)造的收入總和達(dá)到了驚人的4.2萬(wàn)億美元。

這些公司的企業(yè)家的名字,，你可能有所耳聞,，例如谷歌的謝爾蓋·布林和特斯拉的伊隆·馬斯克,。移民企業(yè)家對(duì)我們的初創(chuàng)公司的生態(tài)環(huán)境至關(guān)重要,。我們需要聯(lián)合起來(lái)，抵制和拒絕總統(tǒng)不合理的政策,。（財(cái)富中文網(wǎng)）

本文作者迪帕克·喬普拉是The Chopra Foundation的創(chuàng)始人和The Chopra Center for Wellbeing的共同創(chuàng)始人,。卡比爾·塞加爾是一名作家,，格萊美獎(jiǎng)獲得者,，也是美國(guó)海軍老兵。他們聯(lián)合撰寫(xiě)了《家庭：每個(gè)人都會(huì)收到歡迎》,，這是一部由美國(guó)移民啟發(fā)所著的詩(shī)集和音樂(lè)專(zhuān)輯,。杰夫·奧斯特是一名投資顧問(wèn)，也是制作音樂(lè)專(zhuān)輯《家庭》的音樂(lè)人,。

譯者：嚴(yán)匡正

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Trump has taken a hazardous scalpel to America’s startup ecosystem by announcing that his administration would delay and may even remove the International Entrepreneur Rule implemented by former President Barack Obama, which enables immigrant entrepreneurs to found companies in the U.S. These measures are harmful to our economy in the short and long run. His policies call into question our image as the worldwide leader in innovation.

The International Entrepreneur Rule establishes rigorous criteria for entrepreneurs who want to come to America; for instance, they must own at least 10% of their company and the company must have potential to grow quickly in terms of revenue and jobs created. Indeed, the National Venture Capital Association is supportive of this measure, as it recognizes the contributions immigrants make to America. The Department of Homeland Security estimates that 2,940 immigrant entrepreneurs would be permitted under the rule every year. By delaying and perhaps eventually abolishing the International Entrepreneur Rule, Trump is turning a blind eye to a serious challenge facing our country—the need to fill and bridge our innovation gap. In the words of Steve Case, the founder of AOL, Trump’s decision is a “big mistake.”

The U.S. is mired in a startup slowdown. There were just over 450,000 companies formed in 2014, which is a material decrease from the 500,000 to 600,000 companies that were started every year from the early 1980s to the mid-2000s. The number of entrepreneurs under the age of 30 is at a nearly 24-year low. Millennials aren’t starting companies quickly enough.

To be sure, the 2008 financial crisis wrecked not only the housing and stock markets, but dampened the risk appetite of many Americans. With credit markets under duress, it was difficult for would-be entrepreneurs to secure capital to finance their companies and pursue their ambitions. While it’s true that business sentiment is getting stronger, and the Kauffman Index of Startup Activity is increasing, America still isn’t experiencing the robust startup growth that it once enjoyed—or that it needs to remain at the vanguard of global innovation.

Immigrants can and should be allowed to fill our startup gap. Immigrants are risk takers. There is something about leaving behind your home country that makes you fearless, open to change, and resilient in the face of defeat. Remarkably, immigrants or first-generation Americans founded a whopping 40% of the Fortune 500 companies listed in 2010. These companies include McDonald’s, Apple, and General Electric.

Historically, immigrants have made up about 10.5% of our population, so they are clearly punching above their weight when it comes to starting companies that last and helping America create the jobs of the future. These immigrant-founded Fortune 500 companies have 3.6 million employees in the U.S. and 10 million worldwide. The combined revenues of these companies amount to a whopping $4.2 trillion.

You’ve heard of some of these entrepreneurs, such as Sergey Brin of Google and Elon Musk of Tesla. Immigrant entrepreneurs are vital to our startup ecosystem, and we need to unite to resist and reject the irrational policies of the president.

Deepak Chopra is the founder of?The Chopra Foundation and co-founder of The Chopra Center for Wellbeing. Kabir Sehgal is an author, Grammy Award winner, and U.S. Navy veteran. They created Home: Where Everyone is Welcome, a book of poems and music album inspired by American immigrants. Jeff Oster is an investment advisor and musician who produced the music album "Home."