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美國新一輪經(jīng)濟(jì)刺激方案不能拖到大選以后

Lance Lambert
2020-10-14

數(shù)百萬中小企業(yè)主、各州政府雇員,、無數(shù)失業(yè)游民等不了那么久,美國的整體經(jīng)濟(jì)更等不了那么久,。

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10月9日,,白宮將新一輪經(jīng)濟(jì)刺激計(jì)劃的金額提高到了1.8萬億美元,,雖然該數(shù)值仍比民主黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人提出的2.2萬億美元少了4000億美元,但從字面上來看,,這已經(jīng)是7月以來兩黨意見最為接近的時(shí)刻了,。早前,民主黨人的方案在3.4萬億美元左右,,而白宮的預(yù)算卻還不到1萬億美元,。

然而,眾議院民主黨議員南希?佩洛西依舊不贊成白宮目前的1.8萬億美元方案,,稱其金額太少,,并不能夠根除新冠病毒對(duì)美國產(chǎn)生的負(fù)面影響。共和黨方面,,參議員里克?斯科特及瑪莎?布萊克卻又強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)進(jìn)行更大規(guī)模的經(jīng)濟(jì)刺激,。

盡管有關(guān)經(jīng)濟(jì)刺激方案的談判仍然在美國國會(huì)山繼續(xù)進(jìn)行,但新方案得以通過的可能性卻日漸渺茫,。事實(shí)上,,相比于實(shí)實(shí)在在的推進(jìn)落實(shí),,特朗普本次在金額方面的妥協(xié)更像是一種為了應(yīng)對(duì)大選的無奈之舉。參議院共和黨領(lǐng)袖明奇?麥康奈爾在上周表示,,新一輪刺激方案不太可能會(huì)在選舉前獲得通過,,民調(diào)顯示特朗普的支持率正在下降,參議院需要為特朗普的離職風(fēng)險(xiǎn)做好準(zhǔn)備,。與此同時(shí),,民主黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人亦有可能已經(jīng)和白宮私通,想要等到拜登上任后再通過一份金額更慷慨的方案,。

但我們需要知道的是,,數(shù)百萬中小企業(yè)主、各州政府雇員,、無數(shù)失業(yè)游民等不了那么久,,美國的整體經(jīng)濟(jì)更等不了那么久。

“美國經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇已經(jīng)放緩,,如果沒有額外的財(cái)政支持,,我們會(huì)面臨停滯甚至倒退的威脅?!?Moody’s Analytics公司的首席經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家馬克?贊迪在10月12日接受《財(cái)富》采訪時(shí)說道,。

贊迪認(rèn)為經(jīng)濟(jì)刺激金額應(yīng)該越大越好,但就現(xiàn)下的情況來看,,比起拖到選舉后或是新總統(tǒng)就任后再通過新方案,,贊迪更支持立刻通過白宮目前的1.8萬億美元方案,因?yàn)檫@樣做的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)相對(duì)較小,。贊迪表示,,即便最后是拜登贏了,民主黨也無法完全保證最終的方案是他們想要的,。

“現(xiàn)在不立刻通過這個(gè)刺激方案簡直愚蠢至極,,國會(huì)即將面臨的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)十分巨大?!辟澋蠌?qiáng)調(diào):“現(xiàn)有方案并不會(huì)影響到明年2月的新方案,,民主黨完全可以現(xiàn)在接下這1.8萬億美元,然后在新總統(tǒng)任職后根據(jù)那時(shí)的經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì),,再制定另外一個(gè)方案,。”

根據(jù)民調(diào)聚合機(jī)構(gòu)FiveThirtyEight的預(yù)測模型,,特朗普的勝率只有13%,但共和黨仍然有31%的幾率保住其在參議院的席位,。如果參議院仍然被共和黨控制,,那么拜登在將來依舊很難通過一個(gè)強(qiáng)而有力的經(jīng)濟(jì)刺激方案,。

“顯而易見,如果聯(lián)邦政府在選舉前不能出臺(tái)更多的經(jīng)濟(jì)刺激措施,,那么美國的糟糕態(tài)勢(shì)也就不能得到任何改善,,這種情況一直會(huì)延續(xù)到新任總統(tǒng)就職?!辟澋涎a(bǔ)充道,。

對(duì)于失業(yè)人員,美國原先在3月出臺(tái)的2.2萬億美元經(jīng)濟(jì)刺激計(jì)劃中曾經(jīng)給予每人每周600美元的救濟(jì)補(bǔ)貼,,但這項(xiàng)福利已經(jīng)于今年7月底到期,。目前,美國的崗位恢復(fù)速度正在放緩,,9月新增就業(yè)人數(shù)僅為66.1萬,,明顯低于8月的150萬及7月的180萬,整體失業(yè)人口仍達(dá)1250萬之高,。

好消息是,,雖然兩黨在經(jīng)濟(jì)刺激金額方面始終存在分歧,但他們?cè)谄渌恍╊I(lǐng)域中已經(jīng)達(dá)成一致,。接下來幾周每位成年美國人都能夠收到1200美元的額外補(bǔ)助,,未成年人則可以收到500美元。另外,,兩黨也支持美國政府在教育,、糧食、抵押貸款,、租金減免,、地方政府扶持、疫情相關(guān)項(xiàng)目方面為國人提供更多資金援助,。(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))

編譯:陳怡軒

10月9日,,白宮將新一輪經(jīng)濟(jì)刺激計(jì)劃的金額提高到了1.8萬億美元,雖然該數(shù)值仍比民主黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人提出的2.2萬億美元少了4000億美元,,但從字面上來看,,這已經(jīng)是7月以來兩黨意見最為接近的時(shí)刻了。早前,,民主黨人的方案在3.4萬億美元左右,,而白宮的預(yù)算卻還不到1萬億美元。

然而,,眾議院民主黨議員南希?佩洛西依舊不贊成白宮目前的1.8萬億美元方案,,稱其金額太少,并不能夠根除新冠病毒對(duì)美國產(chǎn)生的負(fù)面影響,。共和黨方面,,參議員里克?斯科特及瑪莎?布萊克卻又強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)進(jìn)行更大規(guī)模的經(jīng)濟(jì)刺激,。

盡管有關(guān)經(jīng)濟(jì)刺激方案的談判仍然在美國國會(huì)山繼續(xù)進(jìn)行,但新方案得以通過的可能性卻日漸渺茫,。事實(shí)上,,相比于實(shí)實(shí)在在的推進(jìn)落實(shí),特朗普本次在金額方面的妥協(xié)更像是一種為了應(yīng)對(duì)大選的無奈之舉,。參議院共和黨領(lǐng)袖明奇?麥康奈爾在上周表示,,新一輪刺激方案不太可能會(huì)在選舉前獲得通過,民調(diào)顯示特朗普的支持率正在下降,,參議院需要為特朗普的離職風(fēng)險(xiǎn)做好準(zhǔn)備,。與此同時(shí),民主黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人亦有可能已經(jīng)和白宮私通,,想要等到拜登上任后再通過一份金額更慷慨的方案,。

但我們需要知道的是,數(shù)百萬中小企業(yè)主,、各州政府雇員,、無數(shù)失業(yè)游民等不了那么久,美國的整體經(jīng)濟(jì)更等不了那么久,。

“美國經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇已經(jīng)放緩,,如果沒有額外的財(cái)政支持,我們會(huì)面臨停滯甚至倒退的威脅,?!?Moody’s Analytics公司的首席經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家馬克?贊迪在10月12日接受《財(cái)富》采訪時(shí)說道。

贊迪認(rèn)為經(jīng)濟(jì)刺激金額應(yīng)該越大越好,,但就現(xiàn)下的情況來看,,比起拖到選舉后或是新總統(tǒng)就任后再通過新方案,贊迪更支持立刻通過白宮目前的1.8萬億美元方案,,因?yàn)檫@樣做的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)相對(duì)較小,。贊迪表示,即便最后是拜登贏了,,民主黨也無法完全保證最終的方案是他們想要的,。

“現(xiàn)在不立刻通過這個(gè)刺激方案簡直愚蠢至極,國會(huì)即將面臨的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)十分巨大,?!辟澋蠌?qiáng)調(diào):“現(xiàn)有方案并不會(huì)影響到明年2月的新方案,民主黨完全可以現(xiàn)在接下這1.8萬億美元,,然后在新總統(tǒng)任職后根據(jù)那時(shí)的經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì),,再制定另外一個(gè)方案。”

根據(jù)民調(diào)聚合機(jī)構(gòu)FiveThirtyEight的預(yù)測模型,,特朗普的勝率只有13%,,但共和黨仍然有31%的幾率保住其在參議院的席位。如果參議院仍然被共和黨控制,,那么拜登在將來依舊很難通過一個(gè)強(qiáng)而有力的經(jīng)濟(jì)刺激方案。

“顯而易見,,如果聯(lián)邦政府在選舉前不能出臺(tái)更多的經(jīng)濟(jì)刺激措施,,那么美國的糟糕態(tài)勢(shì)也就不能得到任何改善,這種情況一直會(huì)延續(xù)到新任總統(tǒng)就職,?!辟澋涎a(bǔ)充道。

對(duì)于失業(yè)人員,,美國原先在3月出臺(tái)的2.2萬億美元經(jīng)濟(jì)刺激計(jì)劃中曾經(jīng)給予每人每周600美元的救濟(jì)補(bǔ)貼,,但這項(xiàng)福利已經(jīng)于今年7月底到期。目前,,美國的崗位恢復(fù)速度正在放緩,,9月新增就業(yè)人數(shù)僅為66.1萬,明顯低于8月的150萬及7月的180萬,,整體失業(yè)人口仍達(dá)1250萬之高,。

好消息是,雖然兩黨在經(jīng)濟(jì)刺激金額方面始終存在分歧,,但他們?cè)谄渌恍╊I(lǐng)域中已經(jīng)達(dá)成一致,。接下來幾周每位成年美國人都能夠收到1200美元的額外補(bǔ)助,未成年人則可以收到500美元,。另外,,兩黨也支持美國政府在教育、糧食,、抵押貸款,、租金減免、地方政府扶持,、疫情相關(guān)項(xiàng)目方面為國人提供更多資金援助,。(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))

編譯:陳怡軒

On October 9, the White House offered up a stimulus plan of $1.8 trillion, or $400 billion shy of the $2.2 trillion Democratic leaders are seeking. The two parties are numerically the closest they've been since they started discussing the package in July—when Democratic leaders were asking for $3.4 trillion and the White House was under $1 trillion.

House Speaker Nancy Pelosi quickly rejected the White House's $1.8 trillion offer, saying it didn't do enough to eradicate the virus. And Republican Senators like Rick Scott and Marsha Blackburn rejected the idea of passing a stimulus package of that size.

Even as stimulus talks continue on Capitol Hill the odds of passing another economic aid package are looking bleaker by the day. President Donald Trump's latest stimulus reversal and push reads more like election desperation than progress. Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell said last week a stimulus package is unlikely to pass the Senate before the election, and could be preparing for a political divorce from Trump—who is falling in the polls. Meanwhile Democratic leaders might be stringing the White House along and waiting to pass a more generous package with a President Joe Biden.

What's at stake? The finances of millions of small businesses owners, state government employees, and jobless Americans. Not to mention the economy.

"The economic recovery is already slowing. Without additional support it threatens to stall out or even backslide," Mark Zandi, chief economist at Moody's Analytics, told Fortune on October 12.

The bigger the stimulus, the better. But Zandi would prefer Democratic leaders pass the $1.8 trillion the White House is offering, rather than risk waiting for a bigger bill after the election or inauguration. Even if Biden wins, Zandi says, there is no guarantee they'd be able to pass what they want.

"Not passing a package now is a significant error. They [Congress] are taking a really big chance," Zandi says. "Passing a $1.8 trillion package now doesn’t preclude a package in February. [Democrats could] take the $1.8 trillion and come back after the inauguration and see where the economy is, and then pass another package."

While FiveThirtyEight only gives Trump a 13% chance of winning, it gives the GOP a 31% chance of retaining the Senate chamber. If Republicans still control the Senate, Zandi says, Biden would struggle to pass a robust stimulus package.

Zandi says the consensus is that if the federal government doesn't pass more stimulus before the election, it's very unlikely anything gets done before the inauguration.

The $600 enhanced unemployment benefits—part of the $2.2 trillion CARES Act—expired in July. And hiring (or really rehiring) is slowing: U.S. employment rose by 661,000 in September, down from 1.5 million jobs added in August and 1.8 million added in July. There are still 12.5 million unemployed Americans.

While the two parties disagree on the dollar size of the next stimulus package, they do agree on lots of the spending areas. Both parties reaffirmed support this week for another round of $1,200 stimulus checks for adults and $500 for dependents. Both parties also support more funding for education, coronavirus-related projects, mortgage and rental assistance, food programs, and state and local government funding.

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