4千年以前,,最后一批猛犸象滅絕,,而作為地球生物多樣性最豐富的棲息地之一,“猛犸象大草原”(Mammoth Steppe)也從北極凍原上消失了,。
哈佛大學(xué)(Harvard University)的基因?qū)W教授喬治·丘奇認(rèn)為,,采用基因工程復(fù)活這些古老生物,,將有助于通過恢復(fù)植物根系來逆轉(zhuǎn)氣候變化,這是一個(gè)能夠放牧猛犸象的生態(tài)系統(tǒng),,可以從大氣中吸收更多的碳,。
丘奇致力于復(fù)活滅絕物種。9月13日,,他與其合作伙伴,、連續(xù)創(chuàng)業(yè)家本·拉姆公開創(chuàng)建了一家名為Colossal的公司開展“滅絕物種復(fù)活”(de-extinction)業(yè)務(wù)。該公司從多名億萬(wàn)富翁那里籌集了1500萬(wàn)美元的資金,,投資人包括Winklevoss Capital的卡梅倫和泰勒·溫克萊沃斯兄弟,、Draper Associates的蒂姆·德雷珀、Bold Capital的彼得·迪亞曼迪斯,,以及Breyer Capital的吉姆·布萊爾,。
此輪融資的領(lǐng)投者是傳奇影業(yè)(Legendary Pictures)的創(chuàng)始人托馬斯·塔爾。其他知名投資者包括暢銷書作者托尼·羅賓斯,。
2012年,,丘奇加入了基因編輯工具Crispr-Cas9開發(fā)團(tuán)隊(duì)。借助剪切和復(fù)制DNA,,他發(fā)現(xiàn)了更改瀕危亞洲象基因代碼的可能性,,并讓其基因向猛犸象靠近。如今,,他希望將這些猛犸象的測(cè)試用試管胚胎植入亞洲象或非洲象的體內(nèi),,或者植入人工子宮,并讓其成長(zhǎng)為能夠返回其原始棲息地的幼象,。
丘奇希望,,這一舉措在一段時(shí)間之后可以協(xié)助開發(fā)相關(guān)工具和技術(shù),從而幫助所有瀕危物種繼續(xù)存活下去,。
說到對(duì)這個(gè)理念十分感興趣的人士,,卡梅倫·溫克萊沃斯就是其中之一。他因?yàn)殡娪啊渡缃痪W(wǎng)絡(luò)》(The Social Network)對(duì)他的刻畫,,以及通過法律手段就Facebook的原創(chuàng)性問題與Facebook的聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人馬克·扎克伯格進(jìn)行和解而聲名大噪,,后來又成為了比特幣(Bitcoin)的早期投資者?!敦?cái)富》雜志采訪了溫克萊沃斯,,并詢問了為什么他決定投資Colossal以及他對(duì)加密貨幣的看法。
為便于理解,,以下內(nèi)容有所刪改,。
《財(cái)富》:是什么吸引你投資Colossal?
卡梅倫·溫克萊沃斯:我把Colossal看作是一個(gè)拯救環(huán)境和物種的機(jī)會(huì),。他們正在嘗試解決一個(gè)重要的問題,,不僅是如何復(fù)活滅絕動(dòng)物,,更是如何保護(hù)大量瀕危物種的基因記錄。這一技術(shù)可能會(huì)具有顛覆意義,。
有鑒于當(dāng)前全球出現(xiàn)的山火,、龍卷風(fēng)和疫情,你可能會(huì)認(rèn)為當(dāng)前很多事情都是反烏托邦的存在,。然而,,如果我們能夠測(cè)繪出不同物種的基因圖譜,并加以保存,,例如將其放入琥珀或一些無(wú)懈可擊的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù),,那么就算發(fā)生災(zāi)難,我們依然可以將其恢復(fù),。
盡管這仍然是一個(gè)遙不可及的夢(mèng)想,,而且還充滿了風(fēng)險(xiǎn)以及大量技術(shù)挑戰(zhàn),然而一旦它獲得成功,,那么就有望帶來超額的回報(bào),。
在你看來,Colossal如何賺錢,?
假以時(shí)日,,賺錢的機(jī)會(huì)多的是,比如:電視節(jié)目制作,,甚至是電影《侏羅紀(jì)公園》(Jurassic Park)一樣的滅絕動(dòng)物公園,。
你是否考慮過復(fù)活滅絕物種所可能引發(fā)的一系列倫理問題?
這必然是我們必須面對(duì)的問題,,Colossal和其他機(jī)構(gòu)都無(wú)法逃避,。然而,我覺得這支團(tuán)隊(duì)在這一方面想的十分周到,,我堅(jiān)信他們會(huì)在我們經(jīng)過這些道路時(shí)做出明智的決策,。
拉姆對(duì)《財(cái)富》雜志說,他們預(yù)計(jì)在未來4年至6年中孕育出第一頭猛犸象幼崽,。這個(gè)速度是否符合你的投資時(shí)間線,?
我們將這一投資看作是一個(gè)多年期旅程,而且商業(yè)化會(huì)在其后半段,。我們并不期望在頭幾年獲得回報(bào),,它可能需要長(zhǎng)達(dá)10年的時(shí)間。
一年前,,比特幣徘徊在1萬(wàn)美元左右,然后飆升至6.5萬(wàn)美元,,隨后劇烈波動(dòng),。你認(rèn)為它的未來走向如何,?
我覺得比特幣在今年年底會(huì)達(dá)到10萬(wàn)美元。其背后的推動(dòng)因素有很多,,最大的推手莫過于通脹,,會(huì)有數(shù)萬(wàn)億美元的資金因?yàn)閷捤傻呢泿耪叨咳氡忍貛攀袌?chǎng)。
推特(Twitter)的杰克·多爾西宣布,,他將在其支付公司Square打造一個(gè)去中心化的比特幣交易所,,從而讓比特幣成為“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)貨幣”,其目標(biāo)是“為所有人提供良好的全球貨幣系統(tǒng)”,。你如何看待這件事情,?
我是杰克的鐵桿粉絲。他是比特幣的擁躉,,同時(shí)也致力于支持生態(tài)系統(tǒng)和開發(fā)商,。我個(gè)人的觀點(diǎn)是,比特幣是一個(gè)絕佳的價(jià)值貯存手段,,以及對(duì)沖通脹的一種方式,。聽起來,杰克可能還將比特幣看作是一種支付方式,。我自己對(duì)此并不贊同,,因?yàn)楸忍貛诺牟▌?dòng)性較大,但我依然對(duì)此充滿期待,。
作為諸多公司的其中一家,,F(xiàn)acebook一直希望在市場(chǎng)上推出穩(wěn)定幣,這是一種與美元掛鉤的數(shù)字貨幣,,其價(jià)值不會(huì)像比特幣那樣波動(dòng),。這種穩(wěn)定幣將被Facebook及其旗下Instagram、Messenger和WhatsApp總共35億用戶用于交易支付用途,。你認(rèn)為Facebook可以成功嗎,?
這看似是一個(gè)很有意思的項(xiàng)目,而且必然會(huì)對(duì)行業(yè)產(chǎn)生積極影響,。他們正在積極與監(jiān)管方接洽,,而且我覺得前方是有路可行的,只不過他們獲得批準(zhǔn)的時(shí)間表尚不明朗,。有鑒于用戶群體的潛在規(guī)模和影響力,,我認(rèn)為監(jiān)管方正在采取額外的預(yù)防措施來確保自己能夠完全理解這個(gè)項(xiàng)目以及項(xiàng)目的計(jì)劃。盡管此事會(huì)耗費(fèi)一定的時(shí)間,,但并不意味著不會(huì)發(fā)生,。
你所創(chuàng)建的加密貨幣交易所雙子星(Gemini)有自己的穩(wěn)定幣。它與其他穩(wěn)定幣有什么不同,?
最大的不同在于,,雙子星幣由紐約州金融服務(wù)局(New York State Department of Financial Services)監(jiān)管,,而且已經(jīng)獲批在所有50個(gè)美國(guó)州和全球上市。它還與美元按照1比1的兌換比率掛鉤,,美國(guó)多家銀行亦持有該幣,,而且還得到了美國(guó)聯(lián)邦存款保險(xiǎn)公司(FDIC)的批準(zhǔn)。
非同質(zhì)化代幣(NFT)是記錄資產(chǎn)所有權(quán)的代幣,。當(dāng)前的狂熱是否給買賣雙方帶來了泡沫,?
我認(rèn)為非同質(zhì)化代幣是一項(xiàng)顛覆性技術(shù),而且在未來10年中將成為一項(xiàng)萬(wàn)億美元的資產(chǎn)類別,。借助這些技術(shù),,最有才華的創(chuàng)作者將可以創(chuàng)作藝術(shù)、收藏品,、游戲物品,,以及虛擬世界各種類型的人類表達(dá)方式。
然而與比特幣類似的是,,當(dāng)看漲情緒出現(xiàn)時(shí)它也會(huì)水漲船高,,反之亦然。人們?cè)?jīng)說Facebook只是曇花一現(xiàn)罷了,,它只不過是人們拖延的工具,。然后突然間,F(xiàn)acebook開始得到了人們的正視,。比特幣亦是如此,。我個(gè)人曾經(jīng)度過了6場(chǎng)比特幣“泡沫”,而且我確信以后這種現(xiàn)象會(huì)經(jīng)常出現(xiàn),。
你是否曾經(jīng)購(gòu)買過非同質(zhì)化代幣,?
是的,我購(gòu)買了少量的Beeple和WhIsBe等藝術(shù)家的作品,,可以在我的Nifty Gateway網(wǎng)頁(yè)上瀏覽,。當(dāng)然,我將其視為一種投資,,而且這些作品還讓我有一絲未來在握的感覺,。(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))
譯者:馮豐
審校:夏林
4千年以前,最后一批猛犸象滅絕,,而作為地球生物多樣性最豐富的棲息地之一,,“猛犸象大草原”(Mammoth Steppe)也從北極凍原上消失了。
哈佛大學(xué)(Harvard University)的基因?qū)W教授喬治·丘奇認(rèn)為,,采用基因工程復(fù)活這些古老生物,,將有助于通過恢復(fù)植物根系來逆轉(zhuǎn)氣候變化,這是一個(gè)能夠放牧猛犸象的生態(tài)系統(tǒng),可以從大氣中吸收更多的碳,。
丘奇致力于復(fù)活滅絕物種,。9月13日,他與其合作伙伴,、連續(xù)創(chuàng)業(yè)家本·拉姆公開創(chuàng)建了一家名為Colossal的公司開展“滅絕物種復(fù)活”(de-extinction)業(yè)務(wù)。該公司從多名億萬(wàn)富翁那里籌集了1500萬(wàn)美元的資金,,投資人包括Winklevoss Capital的卡梅倫和泰勒·溫克萊沃斯兄弟,、Draper Associates的蒂姆·德雷珀、Bold Capital的彼得·迪亞曼迪斯,,以及Breyer Capital的吉姆·布萊爾,。
此輪融資的領(lǐng)投者是傳奇影業(yè)(Legendary Pictures)的創(chuàng)始人托馬斯·塔爾。其他知名投資者包括暢銷書作者托尼·羅賓斯,。
2012年,,丘奇加入了基因編輯工具Crispr-Cas9開發(fā)團(tuán)隊(duì)。借助剪切和復(fù)制DNA,,他發(fā)現(xiàn)了更改瀕危亞洲象基因代碼的可能性,,并讓其基因向猛犸象靠近。如今,,他希望將這些猛犸象的測(cè)試用試管胚胎植入亞洲象或非洲象的體內(nèi),,或者植入人工子宮,并讓其成長(zhǎng)為能夠返回其原始棲息地的幼象,。
丘奇希望,,這一舉措在一段時(shí)間之后可以協(xié)助開發(fā)相關(guān)工具和技術(shù),從而幫助所有瀕危物種繼續(xù)存活下去,。
說到對(duì)這個(gè)理念十分感興趣的人士,,卡梅倫·溫克萊沃斯就是其中之一。他因?yàn)殡娪啊渡缃痪W(wǎng)絡(luò)》(The Social Network)對(duì)他的刻畫,,以及通過法律手段就Facebook的原創(chuàng)性問題與Facebook的聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人馬克·扎克伯格進(jìn)行和解而聲名大噪,,后來又成為了比特幣(Bitcoin)的早期投資者?!敦?cái)富》雜志采訪了溫克萊沃斯,,并詢問了為什么他決定投資Colossal以及他對(duì)加密貨幣的看法。
為便于理解,,以下內(nèi)容有所刪改,。
《財(cái)富》:是什么吸引你投資Colossal?
卡梅倫·溫克萊沃斯:我把Colossal看作是一個(gè)拯救環(huán)境和物種的機(jī)會(huì),。他們正在嘗試解決一個(gè)重要的問題,,不僅是如何復(fù)活滅絕動(dòng)物,更是如何保護(hù)大量瀕危物種的基因記錄。這一技術(shù)可能會(huì)具有顛覆意義,。
有鑒于當(dāng)前全球出現(xiàn)的山火,、龍卷風(fēng)和疫情,你可能會(huì)認(rèn)為當(dāng)前很多事情都是反烏托邦的存在,。然而,,如果我們能夠測(cè)繪出不同物種的基因圖譜,并加以保存,,例如將其放入琥珀或一些無(wú)懈可擊的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù),,那么就算發(fā)生災(zāi)難,我們依然可以將其恢復(fù),。
盡管這仍然是一個(gè)遙不可及的夢(mèng)想,,而且還充滿了風(fēng)險(xiǎn)以及大量技術(shù)挑戰(zhàn),然而一旦它獲得成功,,那么就有望帶來超額的回報(bào),。
在你看來,Colossal如何賺錢,?
假以時(shí)日,,賺錢的機(jī)會(huì)多的是,比如:電視節(jié)目制作,,甚至是電影《侏羅紀(jì)公園》(Jurassic Park)一樣的滅絕動(dòng)物公園,。
你是否考慮過復(fù)活滅絕物種所可能引發(fā)的一系列倫理問題?
這必然是我們必須面對(duì)的問題,,Colossal和其他機(jī)構(gòu)都無(wú)法逃避,。然而,我覺得這支團(tuán)隊(duì)在這一方面想的十分周到,,我堅(jiān)信他們會(huì)在我們經(jīng)過這些道路時(shí)做出明智的決策,。
拉姆對(duì)《財(cái)富》雜志說,他們預(yù)計(jì)在未來4年至6年中孕育出第一頭猛犸象幼崽,。這個(gè)速度是否符合你的投資時(shí)間線,?
我們將這一投資看作是一個(gè)多年期旅程,而且商業(yè)化會(huì)在其后半段,。我們并不期望在頭幾年獲得回報(bào),,它可能需要長(zhǎng)達(dá)10年的時(shí)間。
一年前,,比特幣徘徊在1萬(wàn)美元左右,,然后飆升至6.5萬(wàn)美元,隨后劇烈波動(dòng),。你認(rèn)為它的未來走向如何,?
我覺得比特幣在今年年底會(huì)達(dá)到10萬(wàn)美元,。其背后的推動(dòng)因素有很多,最大的推手莫過于通脹,,會(huì)有數(shù)萬(wàn)億美元的資金因?yàn)閷捤傻呢泿耪叨咳氡忍貛攀袌?chǎng),。
推特(Twitter)的杰克·多爾西宣布,他將在其支付公司Square打造一個(gè)去中心化的比特幣交易所,,從而讓比特幣成為“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)貨幣”,,其目標(biāo)是“為所有人提供良好的全球貨幣系統(tǒng)”。你如何看待這件事情,?
我是杰克的鐵桿粉絲,。他是比特幣的擁躉,同時(shí)也致力于支持生態(tài)系統(tǒng)和開發(fā)商,。我個(gè)人的觀點(diǎn)是,比特幣是一個(gè)絕佳的價(jià)值貯存手段,,以及對(duì)沖通脹的一種方式,。聽起來,杰克可能還將比特幣看作是一種支付方式,。我自己對(duì)此并不贊同,,因?yàn)楸忍貛诺牟▌?dòng)性較大,但我依然對(duì)此充滿期待,。
作為諸多公司的其中一家,,F(xiàn)acebook一直希望在市場(chǎng)上推出穩(wěn)定幣,這是一種與美元掛鉤的數(shù)字貨幣,,其價(jià)值不會(huì)像比特幣那樣波動(dòng),。這種穩(wěn)定幣將被Facebook及其旗下Instagram、Messenger和WhatsApp總共35億用戶用于交易支付用途,。你認(rèn)為Facebook可以成功嗎,?
這看似是一個(gè)很有意思的項(xiàng)目,而且必然會(huì)對(duì)行業(yè)產(chǎn)生積極影響,。他們正在積極與監(jiān)管方接洽,,而且我覺得前方是有路可行的,只不過他們獲得批準(zhǔn)的時(shí)間表尚不明朗,。有鑒于用戶群體的潛在規(guī)模和影響力,,我認(rèn)為監(jiān)管方正在采取額外的預(yù)防措施來確保自己能夠完全理解這個(gè)項(xiàng)目以及項(xiàng)目的計(jì)劃。盡管此事會(huì)耗費(fèi)一定的時(shí)間,,但并不意味著不會(huì)發(fā)生,。
你所創(chuàng)建的加密貨幣交易所雙子星(Gemini)有自己的穩(wěn)定幣。它與其他穩(wěn)定幣有什么不同,?
最大的不同在于,,雙子星幣由紐約州金融服務(wù)局(New York State Department of Financial Services)監(jiān)管,而且已經(jīng)獲批在所有50個(gè)美國(guó)州和全球上市。它還與美元按照1比1的兌換比率掛鉤,,美國(guó)多家銀行亦持有該幣,,而且還得到了美國(guó)聯(lián)邦存款保險(xiǎn)公司(FDIC)的批準(zhǔn)。
非同質(zhì)化代幣(NFT)是記錄資產(chǎn)所有權(quán)的代幣,。當(dāng)前的狂熱是否給買賣雙方帶來了泡沫,?
我認(rèn)為非同質(zhì)化代幣是一項(xiàng)顛覆性技術(shù),而且在未來10年中將成為一項(xiàng)萬(wàn)億美元的資產(chǎn)類別,。借助這些技術(shù),,最有才華的創(chuàng)作者將可以創(chuàng)作藝術(shù)、收藏品,、游戲物品,,以及虛擬世界各種類型的人類表達(dá)方式。
然而與比特幣類似的是,,當(dāng)看漲情緒出現(xiàn)時(shí)它也會(huì)水漲船高,,反之亦然。人們?cè)?jīng)說Facebook只是曇花一現(xiàn)罷了,,它只不過是人們拖延的工具,。然后突然間,F(xiàn)acebook開始得到了人們的正視,。比特幣亦是如此,。我個(gè)人曾經(jīng)度過了6場(chǎng)比特幣“泡沫”,而且我確信以后這種現(xiàn)象會(huì)經(jīng)常出現(xiàn),。
你是否曾經(jīng)購(gòu)買過非同質(zhì)化代幣,?
是的,我購(gòu)買了少量的Beeple和WhIsBe等藝術(shù)家的作品,,可以在我的Nifty Gateway網(wǎng)頁(yè)上瀏覽,。當(dāng)然,我將其視為一種投資,,而且這些作品還讓我有一絲未來在握的感覺,。(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))
譯者:馮豐
審校:夏林
Four thousand years ago, woolly mammoths went extinct, and one of the planet’s most biodiverse habitats, the Mammoth Steppe, disappeared from the Arctic tundra.
Harvard genetics professor George Church believes that bringing back these ancient creatures through genetic engineering could help reverse climate change by restoring the plant root systems where the mammoths graze and thereby pull more carbon from the atmosphere.
Church’s effort to bring back lost species, known as de-extinction, is now the focus of a startup called Colossal. On Sept. 13, he and his partner, serial entrepreneur Ben Lamm, publicly debuted the company with $15 million in funding from billionaires Cameron and Tyler Winklevoss of Winklevoss Capital, Tim Draper of Draper Associates, Peter Diamandis of Bold Capital, and Jim Breyer of Breyer Capital.
Thomas Tull, founder of Legendary Pictures, led the investment round. Other high profile backers include bestselling author Tony Robbins.
In 2012, Church was part of a team that pioneered the gene editing tool Crispr-Cas9. Through the process of cutting and pasting DNA, he saw the potential to alter the genetic code of the endangered Asian elephant to make it more like the woolly mammoth. He now wants to implant the test tube embryos of these mammophants into Asian or African elephants, or artificial wombs, to grow them into calves that can be returned to their native habitat.
The effort, Church hopes, in time will aid in developing tools and techniques to help all threatened species survive.
Cameron Winklevoss was among those attracted to the idea. He’s best known for being portrayed in the movie The Social Network, and using a legal settlement with Facebook cofounder Mark Zuckerberg over Facebook’s origins to invest early in Bitcoin. Fortune spoke with Winklevoss about why he decided to invest in Colossal and his views about cryptocurrency.
This conversation has been edited and condensed for clarity.
Fortune: What drew you to invest in Colossal?
Cameron Winklevoss: I see Colossal as an opportunity to futureproof the environment and species. They’re trying to solve an important problem—not just how to bring back extinct animals, but how to preserve the genetic record of threatened species, of which there is a large number. That could be a game changer.
The way the world is going with wildfires, hurricanes, the pandemic, you could argue there’s a lot about the present moment that’s dystopian. But if we can map the genomes of different species and preserve them, like putting them in amber or some immutable database, if something catastrophic happens, we can recover.
Although it’s a moonshot, one probably fraught with risk and a ton of technical challenges, if they succeed there is the potential for a very outsize return.
How do you see Colossal making money?
There could be a lot of economic opportunity over time, which might include television or even parks for extinct animals, like Jurassic Park.
Have you considered the ethics of bringing back long-dead species?
It’s definitely something we're going to have to deal with, regardless of whether it’s Colossal or someone else. But I feel like this team is really thoughtful in their approach, and I'm confident they're going to make smart decisions as we cross those paths.
Lamm told Fortune they expect to have the first woolly mammoth calf in the next four to six years. Does that align with your investment timeline?
We see this as a multiyear journey with monetization coming in the latter half. We're not expecting a return in the first couple of years. It could take upwards of a decade.
A year ago Bitcoin was languishing at $10,000, then shot up to $65,000 and has had wild swings since. Where do you see it heading?
I see Bitcoin ending the year at $100,000. There are a lot of tailwinds for it, with the biggest driver being inflation as trillions of dollars flood the money supply from loose monetary policy.
Twitter’s Jack Dorsey announced he’s building a decentralized Bitcoin exchange at his payments company, Square, to make Bitcoin the “currency of the Internet” with the goal of providing a “sound global monetary system for all.” What are your thoughts on this?
I'm a big fan of Jack’s. He’s a huge proponent of Bitcoin and supports the ecosystem and developers. My personal view is that Bitcoin is an excellent store of value, a way to hedge against inflation. It sounds like Jack may also perceive Bitcoin as a way to make payments. I'm not sure I see that myself because of its volatility, but happy to be proven wrong.
Facebook, as part of a consortium of companies, has been trying to bring to market a stablecoin—a digital coin pegged to the U.S. dollar that doesn’t fluctuate in value like Bitcoin. It’s meant to be used for payments by its 3.5 billion users across Facebook, Instagram, Messenger, and WhatsApp. Will they succeed?
It seems like a really interesting project and definitely positive for the industry. They are actively engaged with regulators, and I feel there is a path forward, although the timing of when they’ll get approval is unclear. Given the potential size of the user base, and the impact, I think regulators are taking extra precaution to make sure they fully understand the project and what the plan is. But just because something takes a while doesn’t mean it won’t happen.
The Gemini cryptocurrency exchange which you own has its own stablecoin, the Gemini dollar. How is it different from the others?
The biggest difference is that the Gemini dollar is regulated by the New York State Department of Financial Services and approved to operate in all 50 U.S. states and globally. It’s also pegged one-to-one to the U.S. dollar, held in U.S. banks, and is FDIC eligible.
NFTs are tokens that record the ownership of assets. Is the craze surrounding the buying and selling of them a bubble?
I believe NFTs are a transformative technology and will become a multitrillion-dollar asset class over the next decade. With them, the most brilliant creators will be able to make art, collectibles, in-game items, and all sorts of human expression for the metaverse.
But like Bitcoin, it will have its moments where there’s bullish sentiment and not. People said Facebook was a fad, a tool for people to procrastinate. Then all of a sudden, people took it seriously. Same with Bitcoin. I've personally lived through half a dozen Bitcoin “bubbles,” and I'm sure there are going to be plenty more.
Have you bought any NFTs?
Yes, I have a few Beeple and WhIsBe, among other artists, which can be viewed on my Nifty Gateway page. Of course I see them as an investment, but they also make me feel like I own a piece of the future.