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歐洲試圖統(tǒng)一充電接口,蘋果攔路

David Meyer
2021-09-27

蘋果公司表示,,要求統(tǒng)一充電接口的嚴(yán)格規(guī)定只會扼殺創(chuàng)造力,而不是鼓勵技術(shù)創(chuàng)新,,這反過來會損害歐洲和世界各地的消費者的利益,。

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這次,歐盟(European Union)試圖通過立法再次敦促蘋果公司(Apple)在iPhone上采用USB-C標(biāo)準(zhǔn)接口,。

歐盟委員會(European Commission)于9月23日提議,采用具備快速充電能力的USB-C接口,,“作為所有智能手機,、平板電腦、相機,、耳機,、便攜式揚聲器和手持視頻游戲機的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)接口”。歐盟委員會表示,,這項法令不涉及無線充電,,因為“這是一項仍在發(fā)展、市場分化程度較低的技術(shù),?!?/p>

這項法令還提及,如果業(yè)界提出了一種新的有線充電技術(shù),,該規(guī)定將隨時更改,,以“確保使用的技術(shù)不會過時”。USB-C接口已經(jīng)廣泛應(yīng)用于移動設(shè)備,盡管它的前身micro-USB接口在許多低端手機和小設(shè)備中也有使用,。

歐盟的數(shù)字(以及反壟斷)主管瑪格麗特·維斯塔格說:“長期以來,,歐洲消費者一直對抽屜里堆積的不兼容充電器感到沮喪。我們給了業(yè)界足夠的時間來想他們的解決方案,,現(xiàn)在為統(tǒng)一通用充電器采取立法行動的時機已經(jīng)成熟,。這對我們的消費者和環(huán)境來說是一個重要的勝利,展示了我們推動環(huán)保綠色和數(shù)字化的抱負(fù),?!?/p>

盡管沒有提及蘋果的名字,但蘋果顯然是這項措施的主要目標(biāo),。蘋果公司在很多設(shè)備上都采用了現(xiàn)在無處不在的USB-C標(biāo)準(zhǔn),,包括MacBook系列和iPad Pro,但它仍然固執(zhí)地堅持為iPhone和許多iPad使用其專有的閃電(Lightening)充電器,。蘋果對閃電充電器和周邊設(shè)備收取了很高的價格,,而且還通過向iPhone和iPad配件的其他制造商授權(quán)技術(shù)來賺錢。

經(jīng)久不衰的傳奇

歐盟為推動移動設(shè)備充電器推動采用統(tǒng)一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)接口已經(jīng)付出了很長時間的努力,,除了蘋果之外,,該行動實際上是相當(dāng)成功的。

十多年前,,手機充電器大約有30種類型——現(xiàn)在只有三種——歐盟委員會讓蘋果,、諾基亞(Nokia)、三星(Samsung)和其他公司承諾“在USB-C的前身——micro-USB連接器的基礎(chǔ)上提供兼容充電器”,。大多數(shù)業(yè)內(nèi)人士通過在手機上安裝micro-USB接口來遵守協(xié)議,,但蘋果利用了協(xié)議中的一個漏洞,只提供了一個適配器,,讓micro-USB充電器可以連接到其專有端口,。當(dāng)然,適配器需要額外收費,。

歐盟委員會與制造商之間的諒解協(xié)議于2012年到期,,之后,包括蘋果在內(nèi)的一些公司簽署了“意向書”,,表示它們將繼續(xù)遵守諒解協(xié)議的條款,。Micro-USB逐漸被更快、更容易插入的USB-C接口所取代,,后者于2014年推出,。但蘋果仍然沒有放棄其專利充電器。2018年,,在歐洲議會(European Parliament)成員的壓力下,,維斯塔格宣布了一項影響評估,,對強制使用統(tǒng)一充電接口的成本和收益進(jìn)行評估。

經(jīng)過對該計劃的三次影響評估后,,委員會終于提出了一項法令來解決這個問題,。

這項法令在本質(zhì)上是為了保護(hù)環(huán)境。歐盟委員會在9月23日表示,,該提案將每年減少近千噸電子垃圾,。這是因為它將把充電器的銷售與移動設(shè)備本身的銷售“分開”——這實際上是蘋果領(lǐng)先的一個領(lǐng)域,因為它去年停止在新款iPhone上附帶充電器,。

“根據(jù)我們的提議,,歐洲消費者將能夠為他們所有的便攜式電子產(chǎn)品使用一個統(tǒng)一的充電器——這是增加方便性和減少浪費的重要一步?!眱?nèi)部市場專員蒂埃里·布雷頓在9月23日如此表示,。

如果該委員會的提案通過立法程序,它將有兩年的執(zhí)行期,,這意味著新規(guī)則可能會在2024年生效,。蘋果稱這個時間太短了。

蘋果公司在一份聲明中稱:“蘋果公司代表著創(chuàng)新力,,并且我們非常關(guān)心用戶體驗,。我們?nèi)匀粨?dān)心,要求統(tǒng)一充電接口的嚴(yán)格規(guī)定只會扼殺創(chuàng)造力,,而不是鼓勵技術(shù)創(chuàng)新,,這反過來會損害歐洲和世界各地的消費者的利益?!保ㄘ敻恢形木W(wǎng))

編譯:於欣

這次,,歐盟(European Union)試圖通過立法再次敦促蘋果公司(Apple)在iPhone上采用USB-C標(biāo)準(zhǔn)接口。

歐盟委員會(European Commission)于9月23日提議,,采用具備快速充電能力的USB-C接口,,“作為所有智能手機、平板電腦,、相機、耳機,、便攜式揚聲器和手持視頻游戲機的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)接口”,。歐盟委員會表示,這項法令不涉及無線充電,,因為“這是一項仍在發(fā)展,、市場分化程度較低的技術(shù)?!?/p>

這項法令還提及,,如果業(yè)界提出了一種新的有線充電技術(shù),該規(guī)定將隨時更改,以“確保使用的技術(shù)不會過時”,。USB-C接口已經(jīng)廣泛應(yīng)用于移動設(shè)備,,盡管它的前身micro-USB接口在許多低端手機和小設(shè)備中也有使用。

歐盟的數(shù)字(以及反壟斷)主管瑪格麗特·維斯塔格說:“長期以來,,歐洲消費者一直對抽屜里堆積的不兼容充電器感到沮喪,。我們給了業(yè)界足夠的時間來想他們的解決方案,現(xiàn)在為統(tǒng)一通用充電器采取立法行動的時機已經(jīng)成熟,。這對我們的消費者和環(huán)境來說是一個重要的勝利,,展示了我們推動環(huán)保綠色和數(shù)字化的抱負(fù)?!?/p>

盡管沒有提及蘋果的名字,,但蘋果顯然是這項措施的主要目標(biāo)。蘋果公司在很多設(shè)備上都采用了現(xiàn)在無處不在的USB-C標(biāo)準(zhǔn),,包括MacBook系列和iPad Pro,,但它仍然固執(zhí)地堅持為iPhone和許多iPad使用其專有的閃電(Lightening)充電器。蘋果對閃電充電器和周邊設(shè)備收取了很高的價格,,而且還通過向iPhone和iPad配件的其他制造商授權(quán)技術(shù)來賺錢,。

經(jīng)久不衰的傳奇

歐盟為推動移動設(shè)備充電器推動采用統(tǒng)一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)接口已經(jīng)付出了很長時間的努力,除了蘋果之外,,該行動實際上是相當(dāng)成功的,。

十多年前,手機充電器大約有30種類型——現(xiàn)在只有三種——歐盟委員會讓蘋果,、諾基亞(Nokia),、三星(Samsung)和其他公司承諾“在USB-C的前身——micro-USB連接器的基礎(chǔ)上提供兼容充電器”。大多數(shù)業(yè)內(nèi)人士通過在手機上安裝micro-USB接口來遵守協(xié)議,,但蘋果利用了協(xié)議中的一個漏洞,,只提供了一個適配器,讓micro-USB充電器可以連接到其專有端口,。當(dāng)然,,適配器需要額外收費。

歐盟委員會與制造商之間的諒解協(xié)議于2012年到期,,之后,,包括蘋果在內(nèi)的一些公司簽署了“意向書”,表示它們將繼續(xù)遵守諒解協(xié)議的條款,。Micro-USB逐漸被更快,、更容易插入的USB-C接口所取代,后者于2014年推出,。但蘋果仍然沒有放棄其專利充電器,。2018年,,在歐洲議會(European Parliament)成員的壓力下,維斯塔格宣布了一項影響評估,,對強制使用統(tǒng)一充電接口的成本和收益進(jìn)行評估,。

經(jīng)過對該計劃的三次影響評估后,委員會終于提出了一項法令來解決這個問題,。

這項法令在本質(zhì)上是為了保護(hù)環(huán)境,。歐盟委員會在9月23日表示,該提案將每年減少近千噸電子垃圾,。這是因為它將把充電器的銷售與移動設(shè)備本身的銷售“分開”——這實際上是蘋果領(lǐng)先的一個領(lǐng)域,,因為它去年停止在新款iPhone上附帶充電器。

“根據(jù)我們的提議,,歐洲消費者將能夠為他們所有的便攜式電子產(chǎn)品使用一個統(tǒng)一的充電器——這是增加方便性和減少浪費的重要一步,。”內(nèi)部市場專員蒂埃里·布雷頓在9月23日如此表示,。

如果該委員會的提案通過立法程序,,它將有兩年的執(zhí)行期,這意味著新規(guī)則可能會在2024年生效,。蘋果稱這個時間太短了,。

蘋果公司在一份聲明中稱:“蘋果公司代表著創(chuàng)新力,并且我們非常關(guān)心用戶體驗,。我們?nèi)匀粨?dān)心,,要求統(tǒng)一充電接口的嚴(yán)格規(guī)定只會扼殺創(chuàng)造力,而不是鼓勵技術(shù)創(chuàng)新,,這反過來會損害歐洲和世界各地的消費者的利益,。”(財富中文網(wǎng))

編譯:於欣

The European Union is making another push to force Apple to adopt the USB-C standard in its iPhones, this time using legislation.

The European Commission on September 23 proposed making USB-C, with fast-charging capabilities, "the standard port for all smartphones, tablets, cameras, headphones, portable speakers and handheld videogame consoles." Wireless charging would not be included in this legal change, the Commission said, as this "is still a developing technology with a low level of market fragmentation."

If industry comes up with a new wired charging technology, it added, the law could be revised to "ensure that the technology used is not outdated." USB-C is already widely used in mobile devices, though its predecessor, micro-USB, is also still found in many lower-end phones and gadgets.

“European consumers were frustrated long enough about incompatible chargers piling up in their drawers," said the EU's digital (and antitrust) chief, Margrethe Vestager. "We gave industry plenty of time to come up with their own solutions, now time is ripe for legislative action for a common charger. This is an important win for our consumers and environment and in line with our green and digital ambitions."

Although the name went unmentioned, Apple is clearly a primary target of the measure. The company has adopted the now-ubiquitous USB-C standard for many of its devices, including the MacBook lineup and the iPad Pro, but it is stubbornly sticking to its proprietary Lightning charger for the iPhone and many iPads. Apple charges a great deal for its Lightning chargers and peripherals, and it also makes money from licensing the technology to other makers of iPhone and iPad accessories.

Long-running saga

The EU's drive to standardize mobile-device chargers has a long history, and—Apple aside—it's actually been pretty successful.

A dozen years ago, at a time when there were around 30 charger types out there for mobile phones—these days it's three—the Commission got Apple, Nokia, Samsung and others to commit to "provide [charger] compatibility on the basis of the micro-USB connector," the predecessor to USB-C. Most of the industry complied by putting micro-USB ports in their phones, but Apple exploited a loophole in the agreement by only providing an adapter so micro-USB chargers could connect to its proprietary ports. Naturally, it charged extra for the adapter.

The memorandum of understanding between the Commission and the manufacturers expired in 2012, after which some of the companies—Apple included—signed "letters of intent" that said they would keep sticking to the MoU's terms. Micro-USB gradually gave way to the faster, easier-to-insert USB-C, which was introduced in 2014. But Apple still didn't drop its proprietary chargers and in 2018, under pressure from members of the European Parliament, Vestager announced an impact assessment into the costs and benefits of moving beyond the voluntary approach to the problem.

Three impact assessments later, the Commission has now finally proposed a law to fix the issue.

The push is partly environmental in nature; the Commission said on September 23 that its proposal would cut nearly a thousand tons of electronic waste each year. That's because it would "unbundle" the sale of chargers from that of the mobile devices themselves—this is actually one area where Apple is ahead of the game, as it stopped including chargers with new iPhones last year.

"With our proposal, European consumers will be able to use a single charger for all their portable electronics—an important step to increase convenience and reduce waste," said Thierry Breton, the internal market commissioner, on September 23.

If the Commission's proposal passes through the legislative process, it would have an implementation period of two years, meaning the new rules would likely come into effect in 2024. Apple claims this is too short.

"Apple stands for innovation and deeply cares about the customer experience," it said in a statement. "We remain concerned that strict regulation mandating just one type of connector stifles innovation rather than encouraging it, which in turn will harm consumers in Europe and around the world."

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