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歐洲能源轉(zhuǎn)型遇阻,,這項技術(shù)可以幫得上忙

KATRIN ZIMMERMANN
2021-10-09

雖然建立更清潔、更綠色,、更可靠能源景觀等長期目標(biāo)仍未改變,,但在短期內(nèi),歐洲人民迫切需要獲得穩(wěn)定且價格合適的能源,。

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一項名為“車輛到電網(wǎng)”(V2G)的創(chuàng)新型技術(shù)有望實現(xiàn)電動汽車(EVs)的推廣,,并通過降低短期價格波動的頻率,,促進(jìn)更高效的去中心化能源生產(chǎn)、存儲與分銷,,幫助歐洲緩解能源危機(jī),。近期,天然氣價格暴漲近500%,,這也是造成歐洲能源危機(jī)的主要因素,。盡管向可再生能源過渡的愿望非常強(qiáng)烈,但因為太陽能和風(fēng)能等清潔能源供應(yīng)量不足,,只能由天然氣能源填補(bǔ)需求缺口,,這一現(xiàn)狀也必然會對市場有所影響。

雖然建立更清潔,、更綠色,、更可靠能源景觀等長期目標(biāo)仍未改變,但在短期內(nèi),,歐洲人民迫切需要獲得穩(wěn)定且價格合適的能源,。在推動歐洲轉(zhuǎn)向更清潔、更穩(wěn)定能源的過程及促進(jìn)個體“能源獨立”的方面,,對車輛到電網(wǎng)技術(shù)的大規(guī)模投資將發(fā)揮關(guān)鍵作用。

電動汽車可供電

V2G技術(shù)支持電動汽車與電網(wǎng)之間的充電與反充,。停在V2G充電站內(nèi)的電動汽車可連入智能電網(wǎng),,將電反向送回給電網(wǎng)。這不僅有助于創(chuàng)造一種更具可持續(xù)性,、更高效的電力生態(tài)系統(tǒng),,對車主和環(huán)境也很有利。

在無駕車需求時,,連入電網(wǎng)的電動汽車能夠在用電高峰期為穩(wěn)定電網(wǎng)出一份力,,甚至可以在停電的時候為車主供電。從本質(zhì)上來說,,V2G技術(shù)催生了一系列用法,,在此之下,電動汽車除了是一種交通工具之外,,還可以充當(dāng)去中心化電力存儲的移動電池,。因此,這不僅能夠保障更大規(guī)模能源網(wǎng)的穩(wěn)定性與多樣性,,而且能夠降低價格波動的頻率,。

已有數(shù)個汽車制造商和歐洲國家將V2G技術(shù)投入了實際應(yīng)用。由提供V2G技術(shù)和解決方案的領(lǐng)先企業(yè)Nuvve和智能充電方面的領(lǐng)先企業(yè)EDF共同組建的合資公司Dreeve目前已在包括丹麥,、法國和英國在內(nèi)的多個歐洲國家開放了V2G技術(shù)相關(guān)服務(wù),。東風(fēng)日產(chǎn)Leaf和三菱歐藍(lán)德已搭載V2G功能?,F(xiàn)代、起亞,、盧西亞和大眾 也表示,,未來推出的汽車將搭載V2G功能。

Sono Motors的Sion Model更進(jìn)一步闡釋了“能源獨立”的概念,。該型號的電動汽車不僅采用了V2G技術(shù),,還配備了太陽能電池板。也就是說,,它能夠發(fā)電,、儲電、供電,,一輛車就是一整個能源系統(tǒng),。

有了兼容V2G技術(shù)的電動汽車,汽車行業(yè)將在推進(jìn)綠色交通,、清潔能源和提高個體能源獨立的問題上發(fā)揮關(guān)鍵作用,,與家用和商用太陽能電池的現(xiàn)有流行趨勢相一致。

政府的關(guān)鍵作用

以近期那項幫助荷蘭第四大城市——烏特勒支轉(zhuǎn)向雙向電網(wǎng)生態(tài)環(huán)境的倡議為例,,想充分釋放這項技術(shù)的潛力,,就得鼓勵電動汽車制造商和消費者,以及政府和私營部門之間多多合作,。建立相應(yīng)的系統(tǒng)和基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施,,給將汽車連入電網(wǎng)的車主提供能源積分或其它形式的補(bǔ)償,也將成為加速落實V2G模式的關(guān)鍵因素,。

推行V2G技術(shù)對政府,、個體消費者和原始設(shè)備制造商都有經(jīng)濟(jì)意義。與持續(xù)尋找新能源,、每年花費數(shù)百萬美元新建電池存儲點和基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施以滿足不斷增長的電動汽車需求相比,,V2G技術(shù)所需投資額更低,且更具可持續(xù)性,。

在V2G模式下,,個體消費者和企業(yè)購買電動汽車和電池組時,可能會得到政府提供的補(bǔ)助,。電動汽車車主不僅能因更清潔,、更便宜的電力獲得經(jīng)濟(jì)利益,還能從使用者可將電回售給電網(wǎng)的新機(jī)制(圍繞電動汽車創(chuàng)造新的用法,、價值主張,,甚至是完整的商業(yè)模式)中獲得經(jīng)濟(jì)利益。原始設(shè)備制造商的受益點在于,兼容V2G技術(shù)的汽車價格更高,,完善的V2G基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施也很可能會促進(jìn)對電動汽車需求的增長,。

歐洲領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者需要確保,即便面臨著艱難轉(zhuǎn)型下的種種危機(jī)與反彈,,也將堅守可持續(xù),、清潔能源環(huán)境這一長期目標(biāo)。穩(wěn)定電網(wǎng),、能源存儲去中心化和推廣電動汽車的采用都是有助于控制能源市場,,且與能源和氣候長期目標(biāo)相吻合的策略。

雖然僅憑V2G技術(shù)并不能解決能源危機(jī),,但該技術(shù)確實能夠在一定程度上滿足歐洲目前和未來對清潔廉價能源的需求,。歐洲領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者應(yīng)盡力探索機(jī)遇、尋求公私合作,,以激勵并促進(jìn)V2G技術(shù)的發(fā)展,。(財富中文網(wǎng))

作者為TLGG的總經(jīng)理

譯者:殷圓圓

一項名為“車輛到電網(wǎng)”(V2G)的創(chuàng)新型技術(shù)有望實現(xiàn)電動汽車(EVs)的推廣,并通過降低短期價格波動的頻率,,促進(jìn)更高效的去中心化能源生產(chǎn),、存儲與分銷,幫助歐洲緩解能源危機(jī),。近期,,天然氣價格暴漲近500%,這也是造成歐洲能源危機(jī)的主要因素,。盡管向可再生能源過渡的愿望非常強(qiáng)烈,,但因為太陽能和風(fēng)能等清潔能源供應(yīng)量不足,只能由天然氣能源填補(bǔ)需求缺口,,這一現(xiàn)狀也必然會對市場有所影響,。

雖然建立更清潔,、更綠色,、更可靠能源景觀等長期目標(biāo)仍未改變,但在短期內(nèi),,歐洲人民迫切需要獲得穩(wěn)定且價格合適的能源,。在推動歐洲轉(zhuǎn)向更清潔、更穩(wěn)定能源的過程及促進(jìn)個體“能源獨立”的方面,,對車輛到電網(wǎng)技術(shù)的大規(guī)模投資將發(fā)揮關(guān)鍵作用,。

電動汽車可供電

V2G技術(shù)支持電動汽車與電網(wǎng)之間的充電與反充。停在V2G充電站內(nèi)的電動汽車可連入智能電網(wǎng),,將電反向送回給電網(wǎng),。這不僅有助于創(chuàng)造一種更具可持續(xù)性、更高效的電力生態(tài)系統(tǒng),對車主和環(huán)境也很有利,。

在無駕車需求時,,連入電網(wǎng)的電動汽車能夠在用電高峰期為穩(wěn)定電網(wǎng)出一份力,甚至可以在停電的時候為車主供電,。從本質(zhì)上來說,,V2G技術(shù)催生了一系列用法,在此之下,,電動汽車除了是一種交通工具之外,,還可以充當(dāng)去中心化電力存儲的移動電池。因此,,這不僅能夠保障更大規(guī)模能源網(wǎng)的穩(wěn)定性與多樣性,,而且能夠降低價格波動的頻率。

已有數(shù)個汽車制造商和歐洲國家將V2G技術(shù)投入了實際應(yīng)用,。由提供V2G技術(shù)和解決方案的領(lǐng)先企業(yè)Nuvve和智能充電方面的領(lǐng)先企業(yè)EDF共同組建的合資公司Dreeve目前已在包括丹麥,、法國和英國在內(nèi)的多個歐洲國家開放了V2G技術(shù)相關(guān)服務(wù)。東風(fēng)日產(chǎn)Leaf和三菱歐藍(lán)德已搭載V2G功能?,F(xiàn)代,、起亞、盧西亞和大眾 也表示,,未來推出的汽車將搭載V2G功能,。

Sono Motors的Sion Model更進(jìn)一步闡釋了“能源獨立”的概念。該型號的電動汽車不僅采用了V2G技術(shù),,還配備了太陽能電池板,。也就是說,它能夠發(fā)電,、儲電,、供電,一輛車就是一整個能源系統(tǒng),。

有了兼容V2G技術(shù)的電動汽車,,汽車行業(yè)將在推進(jìn)綠色交通、清潔能源和提高個體能源獨立的問題上發(fā)揮關(guān)鍵作用,,與家用和商用太陽能電池的現(xiàn)有流行趨勢相一致,。

政府的關(guān)鍵作用

以近期那項幫助荷蘭第四大城市——烏特勒支轉(zhuǎn)向雙向電網(wǎng)生態(tài)環(huán)境的倡議為例,想充分釋放這項技術(shù)的潛力,,就得鼓勵電動汽車制造商和消費者,,以及政府和私營部門之間多多合作。建立相應(yīng)的系統(tǒng)和基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施,,給將汽車連入電網(wǎng)的車主提供能源積分或其它形式的補(bǔ)償,,也將成為加速落實V2G模式的關(guān)鍵因素,。

推行V2G技術(shù)對政府、個體消費者和原始設(shè)備制造商都有經(jīng)濟(jì)意義,。與持續(xù)尋找新能源,、每年花費數(shù)百萬美元新建電池存儲點和基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施以滿足不斷增長的電動汽車需求相比,V2G技術(shù)所需投資額更低,,且更具可持續(xù)性,。

在V2G模式下,個體消費者和企業(yè)購買電動汽車和電池組時,,可能會得到政府提供的補(bǔ)助,。電動汽車車主不僅能因更清潔、更便宜的電力獲得經(jīng)濟(jì)利益,,還能從使用者可將電回售給電網(wǎng)的新機(jī)制(圍繞電動汽車創(chuàng)造新的用法,、價值主張,甚至是完整的商業(yè)模式)中獲得經(jīng)濟(jì)利益,。原始設(shè)備制造商的受益點在于,,兼容V2G技術(shù)的汽車價格更高,完善的V2G基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施也很可能會促進(jìn)對電動汽車需求的增長,。

歐洲領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者需要確保,,即便面臨著艱難轉(zhuǎn)型下的種種危機(jī)與反彈,也將堅守可持續(xù),、清潔能源環(huán)境這一長期目標(biāo),。穩(wěn)定電網(wǎng)、能源存儲去中心化和推廣電動汽車的采用都是有助于控制能源市場,,且與能源和氣候長期目標(biāo)相吻合的策略,。

雖然僅憑V2G技術(shù)并不能解決能源危機(jī),但該技術(shù)確實能夠在一定程度上滿足歐洲目前和未來對清潔廉價能源的需求,。歐洲領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者應(yīng)盡力探索機(jī)遇,、尋求公私合作,以激勵并促進(jìn)V2G技術(shù)的發(fā)展,。(財富中文網(wǎng))

作者為TLGG的總經(jīng)理

譯者:殷圓圓

An innovative technology known as Vehicle to Grid (V2G) could help further incentivize the adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) and help Europe see its way out of its ongoing energy crisis by reducing short-term price volatility and allowing for more efficient and decentralized energy production, storage, and distribution. Europe’s current energy crisis is primarily driven by high gas prices, which have recently surged nearly 500%. Despite a strongly stated desire to transition to renewable energy sources, the insufficient supply of solar, wind, and other clean energy has left gas-powered energy to fill the gap, with markets responding in kind.

While the long-term goal remains to build a cleaner and greener reliable energy landscape, there is a near-term need to provide Europeans with affordable and stable power. Investments to scale Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) technology could play a key role in smoothing Europe’s transition to cleaner and more sustainable energy and facilitating individual energy independence.

EVs can become powerplants

V2G allows energy to be “pushed” back and forth between an electric vehicle (EV) and the power grid. An EV parked at a V2G charging station plugs into a smart grid, enabling the vehicle to feed its energy back into the grid. This creates a more sustainable and efficient power ecosystem, while also benefiting vehicle owners and the environment.

When not in use, a connected EV can help stabilize the grid during peak energy times and even provide power to vehicle owners during a power outage. Essentially, V2G opens a host of use cases in which an EV is not just a means of transport, but a moving battery unit for decentralized electricity storage. This works to stabilize and diversify the larger energy grid, reducing price volatility.

There are already several early examples of auto manufacturers and European countries embracing V2G. Dreeve, a joint venture between Nuvve, a leading provider of V2G technology and solutions, and EDF, a leader in smart-charging, has begun making V2G available in several European countries, including Denmark, France, and the United Kingdom. Nissan’s Leaf and Mitsubishi’s Outlander currently have V2G capabilities and Hyundai, Kia, Lucia, and Volkswagen have stated that their future vehicles will be V2G capable.

Sono Motors’ Sion Model takes the idea of energy independence a step further. On top of being a V2G-capable EV, it is equipped with solar panels, meaning it possesses electricity generation, storage, and distribution capabilities, essentially making the vehicle an energy system unto itself.

Through V2G-compatible EVs, the auto industry can play a key role in advancing green transport, clean energy, and bolster energy independence on the individual level, in line with existing trends such as solar panels on homes and businesses.

A critical role for governments

Unlocking the full potential of this technology will require incentives to EV manufacturers and consumers, as well as public-private partnerships, such as the recent initiative to help transform Utrecht, the Netherlands’ fourth largest city, into a bi-directional grid ecosystem. Establishing a system and infrastructure that allows users who plug their vehicles into the grid to receive energy credits or other forms of compensation will also be critical to accelerate the adoption of a V2G model.

Expanding V2G makes financial sense for governments, individual consumers, and original equipment manufacturers (OEMs). Investing in V2G is cheaper and more sustainable than continually looking for new sources of energy and spending millions annually to create new battery storage locations and infrastructure to support the growth of EVs.

In a V2G model, individual consumers and businesses would purchase their EV and a battery package, likely with government-backed incentives. Drivers would financially benefit not only from cleaner and cheaper power for their EV, but from mechanisms that enable users to sell power back to the grid–creating new use cases, value propositions, and potentially even entire business models around EVs. OEMs would benefit by being able to command higher prices for vehicles with V2G capabilities and from the increased demand for EVs a robust V2G infrastructure is likely to prompt.

European leaders need to ensure support for the long-term goal of a sustainable, clean energy environment isn’t derailed by the crises and backlash that arises from a rocky transition. Stabilizing energy grids, decentralizing energy storage, and increasing the adoption of EVs are all steps that will help rein in the current energy market while aligning with longer-term energy and climate goals.

Though V2G alone will not solve the energy crisis, it can help address both the supply and demand sides of Europe’s current and future needs for clean and affordable energy. European leaders should explore opportunities and public-private partnerships to incentivize and catalyze the expansion of V2G.

Katrin Zimmermann is the managing director of TLGG

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