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這家零售商曾經(jīng)比沃爾瑪還大,如今在美國(guó)僅剩四家

Carmela Chirinos
2022-03-07

盤點(diǎn)凱瑪特衰落背后的一些敗筆,。

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2009年11月19日,,位于美國(guó)科羅拉多州布魯姆菲爾德的凱瑪特門店外的購物者。西爾斯控股公司(Sears Holdings Corp)周四公布的財(cái)報(bào)顯示,,季度虧損小于預(yù)期,,但分析師質(zhì)疑該由對(duì)沖基金經(jīng)理愛德華·蘭珀特領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的公司是否過于依賴成本削減,受此影響,,其股價(jià)下跌3%,。圖片來源:PHOTOGRAPH BY RICK WILKING — REUTERS

凱瑪特(Kmart)曾經(jīng)是美國(guó)規(guī)模最大的零售帝國(guó)之一,但如今它在美國(guó)的門店數(shù)量銳減,,只剩下四家,。

這個(gè)擁有123年悠久歷史的品牌以其Bluelight Special優(yōu)惠活動(dòng)而著稱。在鼎盛時(shí)期,,凱瑪特旗下約有2400家門店,擁有3.5萬名員工,,年?duì)I收達(dá)370億美元,。

如今,,它卻與西爾斯(Sears)一道成為零售業(yè)大災(zāi)難中最令人矚目的受害者之一。凱瑪特在美國(guó)只剩下四家門店,,對(duì)于那些還記得熙熙攘攘,、無處不在的凱瑪特門店的人來說,這著實(shí)難以置信,。

從未能采用新技術(shù)到展開代價(jià)高昂的不良投資,,以下是凱瑪特衰落背后的一些敗筆。

凱瑪特是折扣零售的先驅(qū)

1899年,,凱瑪特由塞巴斯蒂安·斯珀林·克雷斯吉?jiǎng)?chuàng)立,,取名S.S.Kresge Corporation。他希望,,公司會(huì)成為一個(gè)人們可以買到玩具,、衣服、家居用品等日常用品的地方,。

1925年,,該公司在克雷斯吉退休后交由亨利·坎寧安掌管。20世紀(jì)60年代,,該公司開始專注于提供折扣優(yōu)惠,,因而實(shí)現(xiàn)了巨大的擴(kuò)張。

20世紀(jì)60年代初期,,凱瑪特處于鼎盛時(shí)期,。人們會(huì)期盼Bluelight Special的到來,那一天員工會(huì)宣布特定品類的每日優(yōu)惠,。1977年,,它更名為凱瑪特。20世紀(jì)90年代,,凱瑪特?fù)碛屑s2400家門店以及35萬名員工,。

1991年,該公司通過優(yōu)先股籌資10億美元,。1993年,,它的營(yíng)收約為370億美元。然而,,一年后,,它開始關(guān)閉旗下門店。凱瑪特沒有及時(shí)進(jìn)行現(xiàn)代化改造或技術(shù)升級(jí),,因而無法更好地跟蹤庫存和零售商,。

2002年,沃爾瑪(Warmart)取代凱瑪特成為第二大零售商,后者首次申請(qǐng)破產(chǎn)保護(hù),。對(duì)沖基金經(jīng)營(yíng)者埃迪·蘭珀特收購了凱瑪特的債務(wù),,并將其與西爾斯合并。雖然這筆交易規(guī)模達(dá)110億美元,,但凱瑪特?zé)o法東山再起,,兩家公司最終都在2018年申請(qǐng)破產(chǎn)。

2021年10月,,凱瑪特股價(jià)停滯不前,,只剩不到1美分。與此同時(shí),,今年2月下旬,,塔吉特(Target)的股價(jià)高達(dá)194美元,沃爾瑪?shù)墓蓛r(jià)也達(dá)到136美元,。

衰落背后的敗筆

凱瑪特的問題能夠追溯到1962年,,當(dāng)時(shí)它并未能跟上不斷崛起的兩大競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手沃爾瑪和塔吉特的前進(jìn)步伐。

與沃爾瑪和塔吉特不同,,凱瑪特沒有明確的目標(biāo)市場(chǎng),。雖然它確實(shí)有便宜貨,但由于沒有對(duì)特定人群形成吸引力,,其業(yè)務(wù)受到了傷害,。凱瑪特想要吸引各類人群,但結(jié)果卻變得平庸,,缺乏形象定位,。

雪上加霜的是,凱瑪特在20世紀(jì)90年代開始收購其他連鎖店,,例如Borders books,、Sports Authority、Builders Square等等,。這些零售商如今一家都沒有存活下來,。

凱瑪特也沒有投資于合適的技術(shù)和物流基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施,這導(dǎo)致它輸給了沃爾瑪,,也讓他們陷入永遠(yuǎn)都追趕不上競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手的境地,。在消費(fèi)者越來越多地轉(zhuǎn)向線上購買想要的東西之時(shí),凱瑪特布局電子商務(wù)過于遲緩,,這成了壓倒該公司的最后一根稻草,。

凱瑪特的未來

凱瑪特剛剛宣布計(jì)劃再關(guān)閉兩家美國(guó)門店。現(xiàn)在,,它只剩下四家美國(guó)門店,。其中兩家位于新澤西州,,另外兩家分別位于長(zhǎng)島和邁阿密。

凱瑪特在Reddit,、YouTube,、Facebook等熱門平臺(tái)上成了一個(gè)令人著迷的話題。人們要么是品牌的追隨者,,要么是對(duì)其消亡產(chǎn)生近乎病態(tài)的興趣。有些人甚至把拍視頻記錄凱瑪特最后一家門店視作一項(xiàng)使命,。Facebook上甚至還有專門的凱瑪特粉絲群頁面,。

但是,,并不是所有的凱瑪特門店都在消亡,。據(jù)《每日郵報(bào)》(The Daily Mail)報(bào)道,該零售商在澳大利亞仍舊表現(xiàn)出色,。(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))

譯者:萬志文

凱瑪特(Kmart)曾經(jīng)是美國(guó)規(guī)模最大的零售帝國(guó)之一,,但如今它在美國(guó)的門店數(shù)量銳減,只剩下四家,。

這個(gè)擁有123年悠久歷史的品牌以其Bluelight Special優(yōu)惠活動(dòng)而著稱,。在鼎盛時(shí)期,凱瑪特旗下約有2400家門店,,擁有3.5萬名員工,,年?duì)I收達(dá)370億美元。

如今,,它卻與西爾斯(Sears)一道成為零售業(yè)大災(zāi)難中最令人矚目的受害者之一,。凱瑪特在美國(guó)只剩下四家門店,對(duì)于那些還記得熙熙攘攘,、無處不在的凱瑪特門店的人來說,,這著實(shí)難以置信。

從未能采用新技術(shù)到展開代價(jià)高昂的不良投資,,以下是凱瑪特衰落背后的一些敗筆,。

凱瑪特是折扣零售的先驅(qū)

1899年,凱瑪特由塞巴斯蒂安·斯珀林·克雷斯吉?jiǎng)?chuàng)立,,取名S.S.Kresge Corporation,。他希望,公司會(huì)成為一個(gè)人們可以買到玩具,、衣服,、家居用品等日常用品的地方。

1925年,,該公司在克雷斯吉退休后交由亨利·坎寧安掌管,。20世紀(jì)60年代,,該公司開始專注于提供折扣優(yōu)惠,因而實(shí)現(xiàn)了巨大的擴(kuò)張,。

20世紀(jì)60年代初期,,凱瑪特處于鼎盛時(shí)期。人們會(huì)期盼Bluelight Special的到來,,那一天員工會(huì)宣布特定品類的每日優(yōu)惠,。1977年,它更名為凱瑪特,。20世紀(jì)90年代,,凱瑪特?fù)碛屑s2400家門店以及35萬名員工。

1991年,,該公司通過優(yōu)先股籌資10億美元,。1993年,它的營(yíng)收約為370億美元,。然而,,一年后,它開始關(guān)閉旗下門店,。凱瑪特沒有及時(shí)進(jìn)行現(xiàn)代化改造或技術(shù)升級(jí),,因而無法更好地跟蹤庫存和零售商。

2002年,,沃爾瑪(Warmart)取代凱瑪特成為第二大零售商,,后者首次申請(qǐng)破產(chǎn)保護(hù)。對(duì)沖基金經(jīng)營(yíng)者埃迪·蘭珀特收購了凱瑪特的債務(wù),,并將其與西爾斯合并,。雖然這筆交易規(guī)模達(dá)110億美元,但凱瑪特?zé)o法東山再起,,兩家公司最終都在2018年申請(qǐng)破產(chǎn),。

2021年10月,凱瑪特股價(jià)停滯不前,,只剩不到1美分,。與此同時(shí),今年2月下旬,,塔吉特(Target)的股價(jià)高達(dá)194美元,,沃爾瑪?shù)墓蓛r(jià)也達(dá)到136美元。

衰落背后的敗筆

凱瑪特的問題能夠追溯到1962年,,當(dāng)時(shí)它并未能跟上不斷崛起的兩大競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手沃爾瑪和塔吉特的前進(jìn)步伐,。

與沃爾瑪和塔吉特不同,凱瑪特沒有明確的目標(biāo)市場(chǎng),。雖然它確實(shí)有便宜貨,,但由于沒有對(duì)特定人群形成吸引力,,其業(yè)務(wù)受到了傷害。凱瑪特想要吸引各類人群,,但結(jié)果卻變得平庸,,缺乏形象定位。

雪上加霜的是,,凱瑪特在20世紀(jì)90年代開始收購其他連鎖店,,例如Borders books、Sports Authority,、Builders Square等等,。這些零售商如今一家都沒有存活下來。

凱瑪特也沒有投資于合適的技術(shù)和物流基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施,,這導(dǎo)致它輸給了沃爾瑪,也讓他們陷入永遠(yuǎn)都追趕不上競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手的境地,。在消費(fèi)者越來越多地轉(zhuǎn)向線上購買想要的東西之時(shí),,凱瑪特布局電子商務(wù)過于遲緩,這成了壓倒該公司的最后一根稻草,。

凱瑪特的未來

凱瑪特剛剛宣布計(jì)劃再關(guān)閉兩家美國(guó)門店?,F(xiàn)在,它只剩下四家美國(guó)門店,。其中兩家位于新澤西州,,另外兩家分別位于長(zhǎng)島和邁阿密。

凱瑪特在Reddit,、YouTube,、Facebook等熱門平臺(tái)上成了一個(gè)令人著迷的話題。人們要么是品牌的追隨者,,要么是對(duì)其消亡產(chǎn)生近乎病態(tài)的興趣,。有些人甚至把拍視頻記錄凱瑪特最后一家門店視作一項(xiàng)使命。Facebook上甚至還有專門的凱瑪特粉絲群頁面,。

但是,,并不是所有的凱瑪特門店都在消亡。據(jù)《每日郵報(bào)》(The Daily Mail)報(bào)道,,該零售商在澳大利亞仍舊表現(xiàn)出色,。(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))

譯者:萬志文

Kmart used to be one of the biggest U.S. retail empires, but today it has been decimated to only four U.S. stores.

The 123-year-old brand was renowned for its Bluelight special. At its peak, Kmart operated around 2,400 stores, had 350,000 employees, and had $37 billion in revenue.

Today, it joins Sears as one of the most striking victims of the retail apocalypse. Kmart only has four U.S. locations remaining, a fact that is difficult to believe for those who remember bustling, ubiquitous stores.

From failing to adopt new tech, to costly bad investments, here are the mistakes that led to Kmart’s downfall.

Kmart was a pioneer of discount retail

In 1899, Kmart was founded by Sebastian Spering Kresge and called S.S. Kresge Corporation. He envisioned a place where shoppers could find daily needs like toys, clothes, and housewares.

In 1925, the company was handed over to Henry Cunningham after Kresge retired. In the 1960s, the company started focusing on discounted prices, leading to a huge expansion.

In the early 1960s, Kmart was in its glory days. People would wait for the Bluelight Special, where employees announced daily deals on specific departments. In 1977, it changed its name to Kmart. In the 1990s, the company had around 2,400 stores and 350,000 employees.

In 1991, the company raised $1 billion in equity through preferred stock, and by 1993, it had a revenue of around $37 billion. However, a year later, it started closing stores. Kmart did not modernize in time or upgrade their technology, which prevented them from tracking inventory and retailers better.

In 2002, Walmart took Kmart's place as the second-largest retailer, and the company filed for bankruptcy for the first time. Hedge fund operator Eddie Lampert bought the company's debt and combined it with Sears. While the deal was worth $11 billion, the company could not make a comeback, and both companies ended up filing for bankruptcy in 2018.

In October 2021, shares for Kmart stagnated to less than a cent. Meanwhile, in late February, Target's stock price was $194, and Walmart's was $136.

Mistakes that led to downfall

The problem goes back to 1962, when Kmart failed to keep up with rising competitors Walmart and Target.

Unlike Walmart and Target, Kmart failed to define its target market. While it did have bargains, failing to appeal to a specific demographic hurt the business. Kmart wanted to appeal to everyone, but instead it became bland and lacked an image.

Adding insult to injury, Kmart started purchasing other chains like Borders books, Sports Authority and Builders Square in the 90s. None of those retailers are operating today.

Kmart also did not invest in the right technology and logistics, which caused it to lose against Walmart and put them in a position where the company would never catch up. Slow adoption of e-commerce put the final nail in the coffin for Kmart, as shoppers increasingly turned online for their needs.

What's next for Kmart

Kmart just announced plans to shutter two more U.S. stores. Today, only four U.S. locations remain. Two of them are located in New Jersey, and the other two are in Long Island and Miami.

Kmart has become the subject of fascination on platforms like Reddit, YouTube, and Facebook. People are either followers of the brand, or morbidly intrigued by its demise. Some have even made it a mission to document the last KMart's standing on video. There are even devoted fan group pages on Facebook.

But, not all Kmarts are dying; according to The Daily Mail, the retailer continues to do well in Australia.

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