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高通脹正在掏空美國(guó)人的錢包,,儲(chǔ)蓄率降至金融危機(jī)以來最低水平

ALICIA ADAMCZYK
2022-06-05

與新冠肺炎疫情之前相比,,消費(fèi)者在商品和服務(wù)上的支出大幅增加。

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我們?cè)谛鹿诜窝滓咔槠陂g儲(chǔ)蓄的所有額外現(xiàn)金就這么多了,。

在美國(guó)家庭財(cái)務(wù)經(jīng)歷了大豐收年之后,美國(guó)人的儲(chǔ)蓄率直線下降,,達(dá)到了自大蕭條時(shí)期以來的最低點(diǎn),。

根據(jù)美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)分析局(the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis)的數(shù)據(jù),,4月份的個(gè)人儲(chǔ)蓄率為4.4%,為2008年9月以來的最低水平,。這不僅反映了通貨膨脹對(duì)家庭的影響,。與新冠肺炎疫情之前相比,,消費(fèi)者在商品和服務(wù)上的支出增加了,即使經(jīng)過通脹調(diào)整后也是如此,。

2020年4月,,在新冠肺炎疫情封城的高峰期,,美國(guó)儲(chǔ)蓄率達(dá)到了破紀(jì)錄的33.8%——高于2020年2月的略高于8%,而在新冠肺炎疫情來襲前,,美國(guó)儲(chǔ)蓄率一直保持在10%以上的水平直到2021年6月,,這部分歸功于經(jīng)濟(jì)刺激措施和新冠肺炎疫情限制,到今年年底美國(guó)儲(chǔ)蓄率都保持在8%以上,。

因此,,根據(jù)美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)的數(shù)據(jù),美國(guó)人的財(cái)務(wù)狀況在2021年達(dá)到了歷史最高水平,。

但今年的情況卻截然不同,。通貨膨脹使家庭儲(chǔ)蓄大受影響,,使家庭更難存錢。事實(shí)上,,最近的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn),,成年人平均每月少存243 美元。其他研究發(fā)現(xiàn),,儲(chǔ)蓄余額也在同步下降:如今美國(guó)人的非退休儲(chǔ)蓄比一年前平均減少了15%,,因?yàn)樗麄冑?gòu)買的商品和服務(wù)比以前更多,而且支付的費(fèi)用也更多,。

Indeed公司的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家安·伊麗莎白·康科爾(AnnElizabeth Konkel)表示,,動(dòng)用儲(chǔ)蓄來保持消費(fèi)并不一定會(huì)引起恐慌,。它甚至可能對(duì)勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)產(chǎn)生積極影響。

康科爾表示:"雇主將希望滿足消費(fèi)者對(duì)商品和服務(wù)的需求,,這反過來意味著他們得確保自己有足夠的工作人員,。我們已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)雇主對(duì)工作人員的強(qiáng)勁需求,而今天上午的報(bào)告表明,,消費(fèi)者支出將繼續(xù)支持這種需求,。"

盡管如此,通脹仍然是家庭最關(guān)心的問題。根據(jù)美國(guó)勞工統(tǒng)計(jì)局(U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics)的數(shù)據(jù),,通脹率4月份同比增長(zhǎng)8.3%。這比3月份略有下降——這對(duì)消費(fèi)者來說是個(gè)好兆頭——但仍遠(yuǎn)高于政府2%的目標(biāo),。儲(chǔ)蓄可能會(huì)下降更多,。

科美利加銀行(Comerica)首席經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家比爾·亞當(dāng)斯(Bill Adams)在一份新聞稿中表示:"關(guān)于通貨膨脹的消息好壞參半——是的,通貨膨脹終于放緩了,,但現(xiàn)在就慶祝還為時(shí)過早,。至少在今年剩下的時(shí)間里,物價(jià)上漲可能會(huì)繼續(xù)成為美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的一個(gè)大問題,。"

也就是說,,賺更多的錢可以幫助減輕通貨膨脹帶來的刺痛,。政府還報(bào)告說,4月份工資和薪金收入增長(zhǎng)了0.6%,,這是因?yàn)橛懈嗟拿绹?guó)人參加工作,,并且他們的工資也在上漲。(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))

譯者:中慧言-王芳

我們?cè)谛鹿诜窝滓咔槠陂g儲(chǔ)蓄的所有額外現(xiàn)金就這么多了,。

在美國(guó)家庭財(cái)務(wù)經(jīng)歷了大豐收年之后,,美國(guó)人的儲(chǔ)蓄率直線下降,達(dá)到了自大蕭條時(shí)期以來的最低點(diǎn),。

根據(jù)美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)分析局(the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis)的數(shù)據(jù),,4月份的個(gè)人儲(chǔ)蓄率為4.4%,,為2008年9月以來的最低水平,。這不僅反映了通貨膨脹對(duì)家庭的影響,。與新冠肺炎疫情之前相比,,消費(fèi)者在商品和服務(wù)上的支出增加了,即使經(jīng)過通脹調(diào)整后也是如此,。

2020年4月,,在新冠肺炎疫情封城的高峰期,美國(guó)儲(chǔ)蓄率達(dá)到了破紀(jì)錄的33.8%——高于2020年2月的略高于8%,,而在新冠肺炎疫情來襲前,,美國(guó)儲(chǔ)蓄率一直保持在10%以上的水平直到2021年6月,這部分歸功于經(jīng)濟(jì)刺激措施和新冠肺炎疫情限制,到今年年底美國(guó)儲(chǔ)蓄率都保持在8%以上,。

因此,,根據(jù)美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)的數(shù)據(jù),,美國(guó)人的財(cái)務(wù)狀況在2021年達(dá)到了歷史最高水平,。

但今年的情況卻截然不同,。通貨膨脹使家庭儲(chǔ)蓄大受影響,,使家庭更難存錢,。事實(shí)上,,最近的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn),,成年人平均每月少存243 美元,。其他研究發(fā)現(xiàn),,儲(chǔ)蓄余額也在同步下降:如今美國(guó)人的非退休儲(chǔ)蓄比一年前平均減少了15%,,因?yàn)樗麄冑?gòu)買的商品和服務(wù)比以前更多,,而且支付的費(fèi)用也更多,。

Indeed公司的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家安·伊麗莎白·康科爾(AnnElizabeth Konkel)表示,,動(dòng)用儲(chǔ)蓄來保持消費(fèi)并不一定會(huì)引起恐慌。它甚至可能對(duì)勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)產(chǎn)生積極影響,。

康科爾表示:"雇主將希望滿足消費(fèi)者對(duì)商品和服務(wù)的需求,,這反過來意味著他們得確保自己有足夠的工作人員。我們已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)雇主對(duì)工作人員的強(qiáng)勁需求,,而今天上午的報(bào)告表明,,消費(fèi)者支出將繼續(xù)支持這種需求。"

盡管如此,,通脹仍然是家庭最關(guān)心的問題,。根據(jù)美國(guó)勞工統(tǒng)計(jì)局(U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics)的數(shù)據(jù),通脹率4月份同比增長(zhǎng)8.3%,。這比3月份略有下降——這對(duì)消費(fèi)者來說是個(gè)好兆頭——但仍遠(yuǎn)高于政府2%的目標(biāo),。儲(chǔ)蓄可能會(huì)下降更多,。

科美利加銀行(Comerica)首席經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家比爾·亞當(dāng)斯(Bill Adams)在一份新聞稿中表示:"關(guān)于通貨膨脹的消息好壞參半——是的,,通貨膨脹終于放緩了,但現(xiàn)在就慶祝還為時(shí)過早,。至少在今年剩下的時(shí)間里,,物價(jià)上漲可能會(huì)繼續(xù)成為美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的一個(gè)大問題。"

也就是說,,賺更多的錢可以幫助減輕通貨膨脹帶來的刺痛,。政府還報(bào)告說,4月份工資和薪金收入增長(zhǎng)了0.6%,,這是因?yàn)橛懈嗟拿绹?guó)人參加工作,,并且他們的工資也在上漲。(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))

譯者:中慧言-王芳

So much for all the extra cash we were stashing away during the pandemic.

Following a banner year for household finances in the U.S., Americans' savings rates are in free fall, hitting lows not seen since the Great Recession.

The personal savings rate was 4.4% in April, according to data from the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, the lowest rate recorded since September 2008. This isn't just a reflection of the impact that inflation is having on households. Consumers are spending more on goods and services than they were before the coronavirus pandemic, even when adjusted for inflation.

The savings rate topped out at a record-breaking 33.8% in April 2020, at the height of the COVID-19 lockdowns—up from just over 8% in February 2020, right before the pandemic reached the U.S. It stayed elevated above 10% until June 2021, thanks in part to stimulus efforts and pandemic restrictions, and above 8% through the end of the year.

As a result, the financial well-being of Americans reached an all-time high in 2021, according to the Federal Reserve.

But this year has been dramatically different. Inflation has taken a huge bite out of households' savings, and made it more difficult for families to put money away. In fact, a recent study found that adults are saving $243 less each month, on average. Other research has found that savings balances are falling in tandem: Americans have 15% less in non-retirement savings today than they did a year ago, on average, as they buy more goods and services than before, and pay more for them.

Dipping into savings to keep spending isn't necessarily cause for alarm, says AnnElizabeth Konkel, economist at Indeed. It may even have positive effects for the labor market.

"Employers will want to meet consumer demand for goods and services, which in turn, means making sure they have enough workers," says Konkel. "We’ve already seeing strong employer demand for workers, and this morning’s report suggests consumer spending will continue to support that demand."

Still, inflation is a top concern for households. It was up 8.3% in April year over year, according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. That's down slightly from March—a good sign for consumers—but still well above the government's 2% target. Savings could fall even more.

"The news is mixed on inflation—yes, inflation is finally slowing, but it’s a little early for high-fives," Bill Adams, chief economist for Comerica, says in a release. "Rising prices will probably continue to be a big problem for the U.S. economy for at least the rest of the year."

That said, earning more money can help lessen inflation's sting. The government also reported that wage and salary income rose 0.6% in April with more Americans working and their pay rising.

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