作為英國(guó)一項(xiàng)臨床試驗(yàn)的一部分,,科學(xué)家已經(jīng)安全地將實(shí)驗(yàn)室培育的血液輸注給人類,,這是世界首例。
這一壯舉是劍橋大學(xué)(University of Cambridge)和布里斯托爾大學(xué)(University of Bristol)的科學(xué)家以及英國(guó)國(guó)家醫(yī)療服務(wù)體系(National Health Service)的研究人員正在進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)研究的一部分,,該研究將實(shí)驗(yàn)室培育的血液與來(lái)自同一捐獻(xiàn)者的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)血液的壽命進(jìn)行比較,。
它是否安全?
這項(xiàng)研究背后的研究團(tuán)隊(duì)在11月7日宣布,,人造血細(xì)胞是由從捐獻(xiàn)者身上采集的干細(xì)胞培育而成的,,到目前為止已經(jīng)被輸入兩個(gè)人體內(nèi)。
科學(xué)家們說(shuō),,這標(biāo)志著實(shí)驗(yàn)室培育的血細(xì)胞首次被輸?shù)揭粋€(gè)人體內(nèi),,而受血者并不是捐獻(xiàn)者。
大約一茶匙到兩茶匙,,或5毫升到10毫升的實(shí)驗(yàn)室培育的血液被輸?shù)絽⑴c者體內(nèi),。在常規(guī)輸血中,病人要輸?shù)难冗@多得多,。
研究人員指出,,受血者受到嚴(yán)密的監(jiān)控,沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)“不良”副作用的報(bào)告,。專家說(shuō):“他們都很好,,也很健康?!?/p>
隨著試驗(yàn)的進(jìn)行,,至少10名參與者將接受兩次“迷你輸血”,一次是實(shí)驗(yàn)室培育的血液,,另一次是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的捐獻(xiàn)血液,,兩次輸血將至少間隔四個(gè)月。
科學(xué)家們將分析實(shí)驗(yàn)室中培育的“年輕”紅細(xì)胞是否比體內(nèi)產(chǎn)生的細(xì)胞壽命更長(zhǎng)。
比“真”血更好,?
輸血可以挽救生命,,適用于各種情況,從治療分娩后或嚴(yán)重事故大出血的人,,到治療鐮狀細(xì)胞病和某些類型的癌癥患者,。
參與這項(xiàng)研究的專家表示,由于實(shí)驗(yàn)室培育的血細(xì)胞都是新的,,而直接從捐獻(xiàn)者那里采集的血液是由不同年齡的捐獻(xiàn)者的細(xì)胞組成的,,他們預(yù)計(jì)實(shí)驗(yàn)室培育的血液壽命更長(zhǎng)。
布里斯托爾大學(xué)的阿什利·托伊教授和英國(guó)國(guó)家醫(yī)療服務(wù)體系血液和移植研究部(NHS Blood and Transplant)在一段概述該試驗(yàn)及其目標(biāo)的視頻中說(shuō),,由于實(shí)驗(yàn)室培育的細(xì)胞“非常新鮮,,能夠隨時(shí)使用”,因此研究團(tuán)隊(duì)希望實(shí)驗(yàn)室培育的細(xì)胞表現(xiàn)會(huì)更好,。
有可能“徹底改變”治療方法
研究人員于11月7日承認(rèn),,在實(shí)驗(yàn)室培育的血液被推廣醫(yī)用之前,還需要進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步的試驗(yàn),,但他們表示,,他們的研究標(biāo)志著使用實(shí)驗(yàn)室培育的血液來(lái)改善“復(fù)雜輸血需求”患者的治療方法邁出了“重要”一步。
他們?cè)谝环菪侣劯逯姓f(shuō):“如果被證明是安全有效的,,人造血細(xì)胞就可以徹底改變血液疾病患者的治療方法,,例如鐮狀細(xì)胞病和稀有血型患者?!?/p>
“對(duì)于一些患有這些疾病的人來(lái)說(shuō),,可能很難找到足夠的匹配的捐獻(xiàn)血液。此外,,如果人造細(xì)胞在體內(nèi)的存活時(shí)間更長(zhǎng),,經(jīng)常需要輸血的患者可能就不需要那么頻繁地輸血了。這將減少頻繁輸血導(dǎo)致的鐵超載,,而鐵超載可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)重的并發(fā)癥,。”
英國(guó)國(guó)家醫(yī)療服務(wù)體系血液和移植部的輸血醫(yī)學(xué)主任法魯克·沙阿于11月7日在一份聲明中解釋稱,,需要定期或間歇性輸血的患者會(huì)產(chǎn)生針對(duì)稀有血型的抗體,,從而更難找到能夠輸血給這些人而又不會(huì)造成潛在威脅生命的反應(yīng)的供血。
她說(shuō):“這項(xiàng)世界領(lǐng)先的研究為制造紅細(xì)胞奠定了基礎(chǔ),,這種紅細(xì)胞可以安全地用于給鐮狀細(xì)胞病等疾病患者輸血,。絕大多數(shù)輸血仍然需要正常獻(xiàn)血。但是這項(xiàng)工作使難以接受輸血的病人受益的潛力非常大,?!?/p>
英國(guó)鐮狀細(xì)胞病協(xié)會(huì)(Sickle Cell Society)的首席執(zhí)行官約翰·詹姆斯在一份聲明中指出,,雖然這項(xiàng)研究提供了“真正的希望”,但重要的是要記住,,英國(guó)國(guó)家醫(yī)療服務(wù)體系仍然依賴每天250人獻(xiàn)血來(lái)治療鐮狀細(xì)胞病患者。
他說(shuō):“絕大多數(shù)輸血仍然需要正常獻(xiàn)血,?!保ㄘ?cái)富中文網(wǎng))
譯者:中慧言-王芳
作為英國(guó)一項(xiàng)臨床試驗(yàn)的一部分,科學(xué)家已經(jīng)安全地將實(shí)驗(yàn)室培育的血液輸注給人類,,這是世界首例,。
這一壯舉是劍橋大學(xué)(University of Cambridge)和布里斯托爾大學(xué)(University of Bristol)的科學(xué)家以及英國(guó)國(guó)家醫(yī)療服務(wù)體系(National Health Service)的研究人員正在進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)研究的一部分,該研究將實(shí)驗(yàn)室培育的血液與來(lái)自同一捐獻(xiàn)者的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)血液的壽命進(jìn)行比較,。
它是否安全?
這項(xiàng)研究背后的研究團(tuán)隊(duì)在11月7日宣布,,人造血細(xì)胞是由從捐獻(xiàn)者身上采集的干細(xì)胞培育而成的,,到目前為止已經(jīng)被輸入兩個(gè)人體內(nèi),。
科學(xué)家們說(shuō),,這標(biāo)志著實(shí)驗(yàn)室培育的血細(xì)胞首次被輸?shù)揭粋€(gè)人體內(nèi),而受血者并不是捐獻(xiàn)者,。
大約一茶匙到兩茶匙,,或5毫升到10毫升的實(shí)驗(yàn)室培育的血液被輸?shù)絽⑴c者體內(nèi),。在常規(guī)輸血中,,病人要輸?shù)难冗@多得多。
研究人員指出,,受血者受到嚴(yán)密的監(jiān)控,,沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)“不良”副作用的報(bào)告,。專家說(shuō):“他們都很好,,也很健康,?!?/p>
隨著試驗(yàn)的進(jìn)行,,至少10名參與者將接受兩次“迷你輸血”,,一次是實(shí)驗(yàn)室培育的血液,另一次是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的捐獻(xiàn)血液,,兩次輸血將至少間隔四個(gè)月,。
科學(xué)家們將分析實(shí)驗(yàn)室中培育的“年輕”紅細(xì)胞是否比體內(nèi)產(chǎn)生的細(xì)胞壽命更長(zhǎng)。
比“真”血更好,?
輸血可以挽救生命,適用于各種情況,,從治療分娩后或嚴(yán)重事故大出血的人,,到治療鐮狀細(xì)胞病和某些類型的癌癥患者,。
參與這項(xiàng)研究的專家表示,,由于實(shí)驗(yàn)室培育的血細(xì)胞都是新的,而直接從捐獻(xiàn)者那里采集的血液是由不同年齡的捐獻(xiàn)者的細(xì)胞組成的,,他們預(yù)計(jì)實(shí)驗(yàn)室培育的血液壽命更長(zhǎng),。
布里斯托爾大學(xué)的阿什利·托伊教授和英國(guó)國(guó)家醫(yī)療服務(wù)體系血液和移植研究部(NHS Blood and Transplant)在一段概述該試驗(yàn)及其目標(biāo)的視頻中說(shuō),,由于實(shí)驗(yàn)室培育的細(xì)胞“非常新鮮,,能夠隨時(shí)使用”,,因此研究團(tuán)隊(duì)希望實(shí)驗(yàn)室培育的細(xì)胞表現(xiàn)會(huì)更好,。
有可能“徹底改變”治療方法
研究人員于11月7日承認(rèn),,在實(shí)驗(yàn)室培育的血液被推廣醫(yī)用之前,,還需要進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步的試驗(yàn),但他們表示,,他們的研究標(biāo)志著使用實(shí)驗(yàn)室培育的血液來(lái)改善“復(fù)雜輸血需求”患者的治療方法邁出了“重要”一步,。
他們?cè)谝环菪侣劯逯姓f(shuō):“如果被證明是安全有效的,人造血細(xì)胞就可以徹底改變血液疾病患者的治療方法,,例如鐮狀細(xì)胞病和稀有血型患者,?!?/p>
“對(duì)于一些患有這些疾病的人來(lái)說(shuō),可能很難找到足夠的匹配的捐獻(xiàn)血液,。此外,,如果人造細(xì)胞在體內(nèi)的存活時(shí)間更長(zhǎng),,經(jīng)常需要輸血的患者可能就不需要那么頻繁地輸血了,。這將減少頻繁輸血導(dǎo)致的鐵超載,,而鐵超載可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)重的并發(fā)癥,?!?/p>
英國(guó)國(guó)家醫(yī)療服務(wù)體系血液和移植部的輸血醫(yī)學(xué)主任法魯克·沙阿于11月7日在一份聲明中解釋稱,,需要定期或間歇性輸血的患者會(huì)產(chǎn)生針對(duì)稀有血型的抗體,,從而更難找到能夠輸血給這些人而又不會(huì)造成潛在威脅生命的反應(yīng)的供血,。
她說(shuō):“這項(xiàng)世界領(lǐng)先的研究為制造紅細(xì)胞奠定了基礎(chǔ),這種紅細(xì)胞可以安全地用于給鐮狀細(xì)胞病等疾病患者輸血,。絕大多數(shù)輸血仍然需要正常獻(xiàn)血,。但是這項(xiàng)工作使難以接受輸血的病人受益的潛力非常大,。”
英國(guó)鐮狀細(xì)胞病協(xié)會(huì)(Sickle Cell Society)的首席執(zhí)行官約翰·詹姆斯在一份聲明中指出,,雖然這項(xiàng)研究提供了“真正的希望”,,但重要的是要記住,,英國(guó)國(guó)家醫(yī)療服務(wù)體系仍然依賴每天250人獻(xiàn)血來(lái)治療鐮狀細(xì)胞病患者。
他說(shuō):“絕大多數(shù)輸血仍然需要正常獻(xiàn)血,?!保ㄘ?cái)富中文網(wǎng))
譯者:中慧言-王芳
Lab-grown blood has safely been given to humans via transfusions as part of a British clinical trial, an achievement being hailed as a world first.
The feat came as part of an ongoing study being carried out by scientists at the universities of Cambridge and Bristol as well as researchers from the U.K.’s National Health Service (NHS), which is comparing the life span of lab-grown blood with standard blood that has come from the same donor.
Is it safe?
The manufactured blood cells—grown from stem cells that were collected from donors—have so far been transfused into two people, the research team behind the study announced on November 7.
It marks the first time lab-grown blood cells have been put into the body of someone who is not the donor of the cells from which the blood was grown, scientists said.
Around one to two teaspoons, or 5 to 10 milliliters, of lab-grown blood was transfused into the participants. In a regular blood transfusion, patients are given much more blood than this.
The recipients of the blood were being closely monitored, researchers noted, and no “untoward” side effects had been reported. “They are well and healthy,” experts said.
At least 10 participants will receive two “mini transfusions” of blood—one consisting of lab-grown blood, one of standard donated blood—as the trial progresses, which will be given a minimum of four months apart.
Scientists will analyze whether the “young” red blood cells made in the lab last longer than cells made in the body.
Better than “real” blood?
Blood transfusions can be lifesaving procedures and are used in various circumstances, from treating people who have suffered severe bleeding after childbirth or a serious accident to treating those with sickle cell disease and certain types of cancer.
Experts working on the study said that because the lab-grown blood cells were all new, while blood collected directly from donors was made up of cells of varying ages, they expected the lab-grown blood to have longer life spans.
In a video outlining the trial and its aims, professor Ashley Toye of the University of Bristol and NHS Blood and Transplant’s research unit said the team was hopeful that because the lab-made cells were “so freshly made and ready to go,” they would perform better.
Potential to “revolutionize” treatments
Researchers acknowledged on November 7 that further trials were needed before lab-grown blood could be rolled out for medical use, but they said their study marked a “significant” step toward using it to improve treatments for patients with “complex transfusion needs.”
“If proved safe and effective, manufactured blood cells could in time revolutionize treatments for people with blood disorders such as sickle cell and rare blood types,” they said in a press release.
“It can be difficult to find enough well-matched donated blood for some people with these disorders. Additionally, if manufactured cells last longer in the body, patients who regularly need blood may not need transfusions as often. That would reduce iron overload from frequent blood transfusions, which can lead to serious complications.”
Farrukh Shah, medical director of transfusion for NHS Blood and Transplant, explained in a statement on November 7 that patients who need regular or intermittent blood transfusions can develop antibodies against minor blood groups, making it more difficult to find donor blood that can be transfused into those individuals without the risk of a potentially life-threatening reaction.
“This world-leading research lays the groundwork for the manufacture of red blood cells that can safely be used to transfuse people with disorders like sickle cell,” she said. “The need for normal blood donations to provide the vast majority of blood will remain. But the potential for this work to benefit hard-to-transfuse patients is very significant.”
John James, chief executive of the U.K.’s Sickle Cell Society, said in a statement that while the research offered “real hope,” it was important to remember that Britain’s NHS still relied on 250 blood donations per day to treat people with sickle cell disorder.
“The need for normal blood donations to provide the vast majority of blood transfusions will remain,” he said.