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什么是拆股?它對你的投資組合有哪些影響?

MIA TAYLOR
2022-12-29

拆股是指公司將現有的一股股票拆分成多股的過程,。

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拆股并不會影響資產的整體價值。攝影插圖:《財富》,,原圖由蓋蒂圖片社提供

隨著時間推移,,投資者投資組合中的資產可能會發(fā)生變化。資產可能升值或貶值,,而且有時可能受到所謂拆股的影響,。

不同類型的拆股可能有不同影響。有時候,,你持有的股票可能增多,,有時卻可能減少。但重要的是,,你持有的股票的價值并沒有變化,。

什么是拆股?

拆股是指公司將現有的一股股票拆分成多股的過程,。換言之,,在你的投資組合中,某一家公司的一股股票經過拆股,,可能被拆分成兩股,、三股甚至更多股。

當上市公司的股價過高時,,公司會時不時地選擇拆股,。通過拆股降低每股的單價。

戴維森投資公司(D.A. Davison)的理財顧問兼財富管理副董事長安德魯·克羅韋爾表示:“例如,,如果一家公司的股價為100美元,,董事會可能決定拆股,從而使更多投資者更容易購買該公司的股票,。董事會可能授權按二比一的比例拆股,,這樣投資者持有的一股原始股將變成兩股股票。如果拆股之前的股價為100美元,,拆股之后的股票單價為50美元,。”

公司通過拆股可以提高其股票的流動性,,或者提高股票在股票交易所的交易頻率。這也被稱為成交量,即在特定期限內交易的股票總量,。

Magnif總經理喬恩·克拉夫表示:“低成交量的股票交易頻次不高,。股票價格會影響其成交量,股價越高,,買入和賣出的難度越大,。大多數人不希望買入他們很難賣出的股票?!?/p>

拆股比例的重要性

拆股比例對于股價有重要影響,。拆股通常按二比一的比例進行,這意味著正如克羅韋爾所說,,曾經的一股股票現在變成了兩股,。但根據公司希望降低股價的幅度,他們也可能選擇按三比一或四比一等的比例進行拆股,。

事實上,,在某些情況下,拆股比例甚至可能高達20比1,。谷歌母公司Alphabet就曾在7月按照20比1的比例進行拆股,,大幅降低了公司股價,使散戶投資者更容易參與投資,。通過拆股,,Alphabet的A類股票價格從每股約2,255美元下降至每股約112美元,為希望購買完整股票的投資者創(chuàng)造了更好的投資機會,。

什么是反向拆股,?

并非所有拆股都是為了降低股價。某些拆股的目的可能截然相反,,是為了提高股價,。這就是所謂的反向拆股。

愛德華·瓊斯公司(Edward Jones)的高級股票分析師戴維·黑格爾表示:“如果一家公司的股價為低個位數,,例如每股3美元或者2美元,,公司通常會選擇反向拆股。當一家公司的股票交易價格低于某個分割點時,,可能面臨被退市的風險,,因此公司會進行反向拆股?!?/p>

在反向拆股時,,如果股票目前的單價為每股3美元,公司按10比1的比例進行拆股,,股價上漲到每股30美元,,你持有的該公司的股票總數量會減少,。

拆股對你的投資組合會有哪些影響?

在拆股時,,你持有的股票總現金價值通常不會發(fā)生變化,。只是,你持有的股票數量與拆股之前相比會增多或減少,。但由于拆股也改變了每股的價格,,因此總價值不變。

黑格爾表示:“例如,,單價100美元的一股股票,,與單價50美元的兩股股票,其價值是相等的,,因此對總價值沒有影響,。”

盡管如此,,投資者通常認為拆股會增加價值,,至少從長遠來看是這樣。這是因為,,當股票變得更便宜時,,就能吸引更多投資者,最終會推高股價,。

黑格爾還表示:“拆股可能激發(fā)更多投資者的興趣,,吸引更多投資者買入股票,他們可能認為按拆股后的價格買入更容易做到,?!?/p>

拆股的好處與壞處

雖然拆股不會改變投資組合的總價值,但拆股依舊有一些好處和壞處,。

? 好處:使股價變得更便宜,。對于希望投資一直定價較高的股票的投資者而言,拆股可能是好消息,。例如,,蘋果(Apple)自1980年第一次首次公開募股以來,共進行了五次拆股,。如果沒有進行拆股,,蘋果公司的股價可能令許多投資者望塵莫及。蘋果公司股價最高時一度超過700美元,,現在為每股136美元,。

? 好處:可能激發(fā)更多投資者的興趣。股票變得更便宜,,可能吸引更多散戶投資者的興趣,,從長遠來看能推高股價,。

? 壞處:可能引起股價波動。當一只股票的股價發(fā)生變化時,,可能刺激投資者買入或賣出股票,,從而引發(fā)波動。

? 壞處:不會創(chuàng)造任何新價值:至少在短期內,,股票資產的總價值不變。然而,,如果拆股能夠激發(fā)散戶投資者的興趣,,從長遠來看,股價可能大幅上漲,。

啟示

雖然投資者經常認為拆股能增加投資組合的價值,,但事實可能并非如此。至少在短期內,,拆股不會影響投資組合的價值,。被拆分股票的總價值不變。但如果拆股能夠激發(fā)更多投資者的興趣,,從長遠來看,,隨著股價上漲,你持有的股票可能升值,。(財富中文網)

翻譯:劉進龍

審校:汪皓

拆股并不會影響資產的整體價值,。攝影插圖:《財富》,原圖由蓋蒂圖片社提供

隨著時間推移,,投資者投資組合中的資產可能會發(fā)生變化,。資產可能升值或貶值,而且有時可能受到所謂拆股的影響,。

不同類型的拆股可能有不同影響,。有時候,你持有的股票可能增多,,有時卻可能減少,。但重要的是,你持有的股票的價值并沒有變化,。

什么是拆股,?

拆股是指公司將現有的一股股票拆分成多股的過程。換言之,,在你的投資組合中,,某一家公司的一股股票經過拆股,可能被拆分成兩股,、三股甚至更多股,。

當上市公司的股價過高時,,公司會時不時地選擇拆股。通過拆股降低每股的單價,。

戴維森投資公司(D.A. Davison)的理財顧問兼財富管理副董事長安德魯·克羅韋爾表示:“例如,,如果一家公司的股價為100美元,董事會可能決定拆股,,從而使更多投資者更容易購買該公司的股票,。董事會可能授權按二比一的比例拆股,這樣投資者持有的一股原始股將變成兩股股票,。如果拆股之前的股價為100美元,,拆股之后的股票單價為50美元?!?/p>

公司通過拆股可以提高其股票的流動性,,或者提高股票在股票交易所的交易頻率。這也被稱為成交量,,即在特定期限內交易的股票總量,。

Magnif總經理喬恩·克拉夫表示:“低成交量的股票交易頻次不高。股票價格會影響其成交量,,股價越高,,買入和賣出的難度越大。大多數人不希望買入他們很難賣出的股票,?!?/p>

拆股比例的重要性

拆股比例對于股價有重要影響。拆股通常按二比一的比例進行,,這意味著正如克羅韋爾所說,,曾經的一股股票現在變成了兩股。但根據公司希望降低股價的幅度,,他們也可能選擇按三比一或四比一等的比例進行拆股,。

事實上,在某些情況下,,拆股比例甚至可能高達20比1,。谷歌母公司Alphabet就曾在7月按照20比1的比例進行拆股,大幅降低了公司股價,,使散戶投資者更容易參與投資,。通過拆股,Alphabet的A類股票價格從每股約2,255美元下降至每股約112美元,,為希望購買完整股票的投資者創(chuàng)造了更好的投資機會,。

什么是反向拆股?

并非所有拆股都是為了降低股價,。某些拆股的目的可能截然相反,,是為了提高股價,。這就是所謂的反向拆股。

愛德華·瓊斯公司(Edward Jones)的高級股票分析師戴維·黑格爾表示:“如果一家公司的股價為低個位數,,例如每股3美元或者2美元,,公司通常會選擇反向拆股。當一家公司的股票交易價格低于某個分割點時,,可能面臨被退市的風險,,因此公司會進行反向拆股?!?/p>

在反向拆股時,,如果股票目前的單價為每股3美元,公司按10比1的比例進行拆股,,股價上漲到每股30美元,你持有的該公司的股票總數量會減少,。

拆股對你的投資組合會有哪些影響,?

在拆股時,你持有的股票總現金價值通常不會發(fā)生變化,。只是,,你持有的股票數量與拆股之前相比會增多或減少。但由于拆股也改變了每股的價格,,因此總價值不變,。

黑格爾表示:“例如,單價100美元的一股股票,,與單價50美元的兩股股票,,其價值是相等的,因此對總價值沒有影響,?!?/p>

盡管如此,投資者通常認為拆股會增加價值,,至少從長遠來看是這樣,。這是因為,當股票變得更便宜時,,就能吸引更多投資者,,最終會推高股價。

黑格爾還表示:“拆股可能激發(fā)更多投資者的興趣,,吸引更多投資者買入股票,,他們可能認為按拆股后的價格買入更容易做到?!?/p>

拆股的好處與壞處

雖然拆股不會改變投資組合的總價值,,但拆股依舊有一些好處和壞處,。

? 好處:使股價變得更便宜。對于希望投資一直定價較高的股票的投資者而言,,拆股可能是好消息,。例如,蘋果(Apple)自1980年第一次首次公開募股以來,,共進行了五次拆股,。如果沒有進行拆股,蘋果公司的股價可能令許多投資者望塵莫及,。蘋果公司股價最高時一度超過700美元,,現在為每股136美元。

? 好處:可能激發(fā)更多投資者的興趣,。股票變得更便宜,,可能吸引更多散戶投資者的興趣,從長遠來看能推高股價,。

? 壞處:可能引起股價波動,。當一只股票的股價發(fā)生變化時,可能刺激投資者買入或賣出股票,,從而引發(fā)波動,。

? 壞處:不會創(chuàng)造任何新價值:至少在短期內,股票資產的總價值不變,。然而,,如果拆股能夠激發(fā)散戶投資者的興趣,從長遠來看,,股價可能大幅上漲,。

啟示

雖然投資者經常認為拆股能增加投資組合的價值,但事實可能并非如此,。至少在短期內,,拆股不會影響投資組合的價值。被拆分股票的總價值不變,。但如果拆股能夠激發(fā)更多投資者的興趣,,從長遠來看,隨著股價上漲,,你持有的股票可能升值,。(財富中文網)

翻譯:劉進龍

審校:汪皓

For an investor, the assets in your portfolio may undergo changes over time. They may increase or decrease in value, and sometimes they may be impacted by what’s known as a stock split.

A stock split can have various ramifications depending on the type of split that takes place. In some cases, you may end up with more shares, and in other cases with fewer. But importantly, the value of your holdings does not change.

What is a stock split?

A stock split is when a company breaks an existing share into multiple shares. In other words, one share of a particular company’s stock in your portfolio may be broken into two shares, three, or even more as a result of a stock split.

Publicly traded companies periodically choose to split their stocks when share prices climb too high. Taking this step reduces the unit price of each stock.

“For example, if a company’s share price is $100, the board might decide that by splitting the shares, they can make their stock more accessible to more investors. The board could authorize a two-for-one stock split so that holders of one original share end up with two shares after the split,” says Andrew Crowell, financial adviser and vice chairman of wealth management at D.A. Davison. “If the share price was $100 before the split, the post-split shares would be $50 each.”

Stock splits allow a company to increase the liquidity of its shares—or how often the shares are traded on a stock exchange. This is also referred to as volume, which is the total number of shares traded within a particular time frame.

“A low-volume stock is not traded very frequently,” says Jon Klaff, general manager of Magnif. “The price of a stock can impact its volume, with higher prices making it more difficult to buy and sell. Most people don’t want to be stuck with a stock they can’t sell.”

The importance of stock split proportions

The exact proportion of the stock split plays a significant role in the resulting price of the individual shares. Stock splits often happen on a two-for-one basis, which means if you had one share, you now have two, as Crowell mentioned. But depending on how much the company wants to reduce its share price, there may also be three-for-one splits, four-for-one splits, and so on.

In fact, in some cases, the proportion of the split is even higher, such as 20-for-1. That was the case with Google’s parent company Alphabet, which split its stocks 20-for-1 in July, making shares significantly more affordable to retail investors. As a result of the split, Alphabet’s Class A stock prices dropped from about $2,255 per share to about $112 each, making purchases far more palatable to those looking to buy whole shares.

What are reverse stock splits?

Not all stock splits are designed to decrease share prices. In some cases, the split may be aimed at just the opposite—increasing the price per share. This is known as a reverse stock split.

“A company will typically do this if a stock price is in the low single digits—such as $3 per share, or $2 per share,” says Dave Heger, senior equity analyst at Edward Jones. “If a stock trades below a certain cutoff point, you run the risk of getting delisted, and so the company will do a reverse split.”

In a reverse split scenario, if a stock?is currently $3 a share and the company engages in a 10-to-1 split, the price increases to $30 per share, and the total number of shares in your portfolio for that company decreases.

How does a stock split impact your portfolio?

When a stock splits, the overall dollar value of the holdings in your portfolio for that stock generally does not change. You simply have more—or less—stocks than you did prior to the split. But because the price of each stock has also been altered by the split, the value ends up being identical.

“For example, one share worth $100 is worth the same as two shares at $50, so it ends up being a wash,” says Heger.

Despite this fact, there’s often a perception among investors that stock splits do indeed add value—at least over the long term. This is because when a stock becomes more affordable, it may attract more investors, which may ultimately drive up the price.

“The split may trigger renewed investor interest, potentially attracting more retail shareholders into the stock who might view it as more attainable to buy,” continues Heger.

Pros and cons of stock splits

While a stock split may not change the overall value of your holdings, there are some pros and cons to these types of events.

? Pro: Makes shares more affordable. Stock splits can be good news for those looking to invest in stocks that have historically been higher priced. As an example, Apple’s stock has split five times since its initial IPO in 1980. If those splits had not happened, Apple shares might have remained out of reach for many investors. At its height, Apple shares were over $700 each. Now they’re about $136 per share.

? Pro: May trigger renewed investor interest. When stocks are more affordable, it may attract increased retail interest, which can drive prices upward over the long run.

? Con: Could trigger volatility. When there are changes in the price of a particular stock, there’s a risk of triggering volatility as investors move in or out of the stock.

? Con: Does not add any new value: At least in the short term, the total value of your assets for the stock in question remains the same. However, if the split does indeed generate increased interest among retail investors, the price per share could increase significantly over the long term.

The takeaway

While there’s often a perception that stock splits add value to your portfolio, that’s not exactly the case. In the short term at least, it’s a wash. The overall value of the stocks that split remain the same. However, if there’s renewed investor interest in the stock as a result of the split, your holdings may become more valuable over the long term as the price ticks upward.

財富中文網所刊載內容之知識產權為財富媒體知識產權有限公司及/或相關權利人專屬所有或持有。未經許可,,禁止進行轉載,、摘編、復制及建立鏡像等任何使用。
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