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美國中產(chǎn)階級即將面臨下一次金融打擊

Chloe Berger
2023-01-16

一項調(diào)查表明,高達81%的中產(chǎn)家庭正在為今年的經(jīng)濟衰退做準備,。

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不像孩子們,美國的中產(chǎn)階級并不好過,。似乎每隔一天,經(jīng)濟學(xué)家就預(yù)測經(jīng)濟會陷入衰退,,他們預(yù)測經(jīng)濟陷入衰退的程度不盡相同(從注定要陷入衰退到可能不會陷入衰退),,這讓中產(chǎn)階級家庭感到擔(dān)憂。

金融服務(wù)公司Primerica對1,263名收入在3萬美元至10萬美元之間的成年人進行的第四季度年度調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn),,在該收入階層的家庭中,,高達81%的家庭正在為今年的經(jīng)濟衰退做準備。超過一半(63%)的人表示,,他們已經(jīng)在備戰(zhàn)經(jīng)濟衰退或是計劃備戰(zhàn)經(jīng)濟衰退,。

許多中產(chǎn)階級家庭已經(jīng)感到經(jīng)濟拮據(jù)了。Primerica發(fā)現(xiàn),,近四分之三(72%)的人認為他們的收入跟不上生活成本上漲的步伐,。75%的人說他們沒有能力為未來存錢,這一比例高于一年前的66%,。

Primerica的經(jīng)濟顧問艾米·克魯斯·卡茨在一份新聞稿中說:“過去一年里,,由于通貨膨脹,尤其是食品和汽油等非必需品的通貨膨脹是無法避免的,,已經(jīng)威脅到家庭的財務(wù)安全,。”約四分之三的家庭表示,,由于生活成本上漲,,他們減少了非必需品支出,,略超過一半的家庭不得不動用應(yīng)急基金來支付開支。

生活成本飆升在一定程度上解釋了中產(chǎn)階級為何從新冠疫情時期的財富繁榮中跌落神壇,。根據(jù)加州大學(xué)伯克利分校(University of California, Berkeley)匯總并由彭博社(Bloomberg)發(fā)布的數(shù)據(jù),,2022年3月,,中產(chǎn)階級家庭的財富達到了創(chuàng)紀錄的39.33萬美元,。但是,隨著通貨膨脹的飆升和政府社會救濟方面財政開支規(guī)模削減,,中產(chǎn)階級的黃金時代逐漸消逝,;從3月到10月中旬,40%的中產(chǎn)階級的平均財富下降了7%,。這是自大蕭條(Great Recession)以來的最大跌幅,。

于事無補的是中產(chǎn)階級員工的工作似乎也朝不保夕。雖然上層人士的工資增長能夠跟上通貨膨脹的上漲步伐,,但中產(chǎn)階級的工資增長狀況卻往往不盡如人意,。專家預(yù)測,許多為中產(chǎn)階級的美國夢鋪平道路的工作崗位——高薪的管理崗位——可能會在經(jīng)濟衰退中首先消失,,而經(jīng)濟衰退通常對藍領(lǐng)工人的打擊最為嚴重,。不用舍近求遠,看看從亞馬遜(Amazon)到賽富時(Salesforce)等科技行業(yè),,再到沃爾瑪(Walmart)和蓋璞(Gap)等零售公司的裁員情況就能知道現(xiàn)狀如何了,。

對于收入已經(jīng)縮水的階層來說,這并不是什么好消息,。根據(jù)皮尤研究中心(Pew Research Center)的分析,,1971年有61%的美國成年人被認為是中產(chǎn)階級,到2021年,,這一比例降至50%,。根據(jù)皮尤研究中心的數(shù)據(jù),中產(chǎn)階級的衡量標準發(fā)生了改變:單身家庭的收入在30,003美元至90,010美元之間,,三人家庭的收入在51,962美元至155,902美元之間才可以被視為中產(chǎn)階級,。如今認為自己是中產(chǎn)階級的美國人比大蕭條前要少,這一點已經(jīng)不足為怪了,。

Primerica發(fā)現(xiàn),,中產(chǎn)階級家庭對自己的處境非常失望,他們不指望自己的個人財務(wù)狀況或經(jīng)濟狀況在今年年底前會有所改善,。但他們也不會搖身一變變成查理·布朗(美國著名漫畫家查爾斯·舒爾茨的漫畫《花生》中的主角,。雖然經(jīng)常遭遇這樣那樣的不幸,查理卻總是屢敗屢戰(zhàn),,決不放棄,?!g注)(查理有著極度存在主義和悲觀主義傾向)。大多數(shù)的受訪者(53%)表示,,他們?nèi)匀粚ψ约旱呢攧?wù)狀況感到樂觀,,盡管這一比例在一年內(nèi)下降了11個百分點。

對他們來說,,好消息是通脹正在緩慢降溫:2022年12月,,通貨膨脹率自2020年以來首次下降。雖然事情可能很快就會出現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)機,,但中產(chǎn)階級仍然在經(jīng)受2022年的經(jīng)濟考驗,,也還需要備戰(zhàn)下一次金融打擊。(財富中文網(wǎng))

譯者:中慧言-王芳

不像孩子們,,美國的中產(chǎn)階級并不好過,。似乎每隔一天,經(jīng)濟學(xué)家就預(yù)測經(jīng)濟會陷入衰退,,他們預(yù)測經(jīng)濟陷入衰退的程度不盡相同(從注定要陷入衰退到可能不會陷入衰退),,這讓中產(chǎn)階級家庭感到擔(dān)憂。

金融服務(wù)公司Primerica對1,263名收入在3萬美元至10萬美元之間的成年人進行的第四季度年度調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn),,在該收入階層的家庭中,,高達81%的家庭正在為今年的經(jīng)濟衰退做準備。超過一半(63%)的人表示,,他們已經(jīng)在備戰(zhàn)經(jīng)濟衰退或是計劃備戰(zhàn)經(jīng)濟衰退,。

許多中產(chǎn)階級家庭已經(jīng)感到經(jīng)濟拮據(jù)了。Primerica發(fā)現(xiàn),,近四分之三(72%)的人認為他們的收入跟不上生活成本上漲的步伐,。75%的人說他們沒有能力為未來存錢,這一比例高于一年前的66%,。

Primerica的經(jīng)濟顧問艾米·克魯斯·卡茨在一份新聞稿中說:“過去一年里,,由于通貨膨脹,尤其是食品和汽油等非必需品的通貨膨脹是無法避免的,,已經(jīng)威脅到家庭的財務(wù)安全,。”約四分之三的家庭表示,,由于生活成本上漲,,他們減少了非必需品支出,略超過一半的家庭不得不動用應(yīng)急基金來支付開支,。

生活成本飆升在一定程度上解釋了中產(chǎn)階級為何從新冠疫情時期的財富繁榮中跌落神壇,。根據(jù)加州大學(xué)伯克利分校(University of California, Berkeley)匯總并由彭博社(Bloomberg)發(fā)布的數(shù)據(jù),2022年3月,,中產(chǎn)階級家庭的財富達到了創(chuàng)紀錄的39.33萬美元,。但是,,隨著通貨膨脹的飆升和政府社會救濟方面財政開支規(guī)模削減,中產(chǎn)階級的黃金時代逐漸消逝,;從3月到10月中旬,,40%的中產(chǎn)階級的平均財富下降了7%。這是自大蕭條(Great Recession)以來的最大跌幅,。

于事無補的是中產(chǎn)階級員工的工作似乎也朝不保夕,。雖然上層人士的工資增長能夠跟上通貨膨脹的上漲步伐,但中產(chǎn)階級的工資增長狀況卻往往不盡如人意,。專家預(yù)測,,許多為中產(chǎn)階級的美國夢鋪平道路的工作崗位——高薪的管理崗位——可能會在經(jīng)濟衰退中首先消失,而經(jīng)濟衰退通常對藍領(lǐng)工人的打擊最為嚴重,。不用舍近求遠,看看從亞馬遜(Amazon)到賽富時(Salesforce)等科技行業(yè),,再到沃爾瑪(Walmart)和蓋璞(Gap)等零售公司的裁員情況就能知道現(xiàn)狀如何了,。

對于收入已經(jīng)縮水的階層來說,這并不是什么好消息,。根據(jù)皮尤研究中心(Pew Research Center)的分析,,1971年有61%的美國成年人被認為是中產(chǎn)階級,到2021年,,這一比例降至50%,。根據(jù)皮尤研究中心的數(shù)據(jù),中產(chǎn)階級的衡量標準發(fā)生了改變:單身家庭的收入在30,003美元至90,010美元之間,,三人家庭的收入在51,962美元至155,902美元之間才可以被視為中產(chǎn)階級,。如今認為自己是中產(chǎn)階級的美國人比大蕭條前要少,這一點已經(jīng)不足為怪了,。

Primerica發(fā)現(xiàn),,中產(chǎn)階級家庭對自己的處境非常失望,他們不指望自己的個人財務(wù)狀況或經(jīng)濟狀況在今年年底前會有所改善,。但他們也不會搖身一變變成查理·布朗(美國著名漫畫家查爾斯·舒爾茨的漫畫《花生》中的主角,。雖然經(jīng)常遭遇這樣那樣的不幸,查理卻總是屢敗屢戰(zhàn),,決不放棄,。——譯注)(查理有著極度存在主義和悲觀主義傾向),。大多數(shù)的受訪者(53%)表示,,他們?nèi)匀粚ψ约旱呢攧?wù)狀況感到樂觀,盡管這一比例在一年內(nèi)下降了11個百分點,。

對他們來說,,好消息是通脹正在緩慢降溫:2022年12月,,通貨膨脹率自2020年以來首次下降。雖然事情可能很快就會出現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)機,,但中產(chǎn)階級仍然在經(jīng)受2022年的經(jīng)濟考驗,,也還需要備戰(zhàn)下一次金融打擊。(財富中文網(wǎng))

譯者:中慧言-王芳

Unlike the kids, the middle class is not alright. It seems as if every other day economists are predicting varying shades of a recession (from doomed to not so doomed), and it’s worrying middle-class households.

A whopping 81% of households in the income bracket are bracing for a recession this year, finds financial services company Primerica in its annual fourth-quarter survey of 1,263 adults with incomes between $30,000 and $100,000. More than half (63%) say they’re already preparing or planning to prepare for one.

Many of these middle-class households are already feeling financially strapped by the economy. Nearly three-fourths (72%) believe that their income isn’t keeping up with the cost of living, Primerica finds. And three-quarters say they haven’t been able to save for the future, up from 66% a year ago.

“Inflation over the past year, especially in non-discretionary items like food and gasoline, has hurt the financial security of families as it was impossible to avoid,” Amy Crews Cutts, an economic consultant to Primerica, says in a press release. Around three-fourths of households reported curbing non-essential purchases due to the cost of living and just over half had to dip into their emergency funds to cover expenses.

The soaring cost of living partly explains why the middle class has fallen from their pandemic wealth boom. During March of last year, wealth for middle-class families reached a record high of $393,300, according to data produced by the University of California, Berkeley, and published by Bloomberg. But the golden age of the middle class faded as inflation skyrocketed and the government rolled back relief efforts; from March to mid-October, the average wealth of the middle 40% dropped by 7%. It’s the biggest drop since the Great Recession.

It doesn’t help that the workplace seems to be hanging on by a thread for middle-class workers. While wages have increased for upper-class individuals to match inflation, the same wage increases weren’t always found for the middle class. And experts predict that many of the jobs that helped pave the way to the middle-class American Dream—higher-salaried management roles—could be the first to go in the event of a recession, which typically hits blue-collar workers the hardest. Look no further than all the layoffs in tech, from Amazon to Salesforce, and corporate retail, such as Walmart and Gap.

It’s not great news for the already shrinking income bracket. Sixty-one percent of U.S. adults were considered middle class in 1971, dropping to just 50% in 2021, according to an analysis from Pew Research Center. It’s shifted the metric for what’s considered the middle class: between $30,003 and $90,010 for a single-person household and $51,962 to $155,902 for a three-person household, per Pew. No wonder fewer Americans consider themselves to be middle class than they did before the Great Recession.

Middle-class households are so dismal about their situation that they don’t expect their personal finances or the economy to improve by the end of the year, Primerica finds. But they’re not going full Charlie Brown (deeply existential and pessimistic). Most respondents (53%) said they still feel positive about their financial situation, although that’s dropped by 11 percentage points over the year.

The good news for them is that inflation is slowly cooling off: It decreased in December for the first time since 2020. But while things might be turning a corner soon, the middle-class is still weathering 2022’s economy and readying themselves for its next blow.

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