
據(jù)媒體報(bào)道,在深受喜愛(ài)的《老友記》(Friends)男星馬修·派瑞去世一年后,,距離尸檢確認(rèn)他死于麻醉藥物氯胺酮的急性作用過(guò)去了九個(gè)月,,洛杉磯當(dāng)局對(duì)藥物來(lái)源展開(kāi)調(diào)查,并逮捕多人,。
上周四,,派瑞的私人助理、兩位醫(yī)生和兩個(gè)熟人被指控涉嫌向派瑞提供或注射氯胺酮,。
來(lái)自北好萊塢的“氯胺酮女王”賈斯文·桑加和急診醫(yī)生薩爾瓦多·普拉森西亞被指控向派瑞的助理提供了造成其死亡的氯胺酮,。起訴書(shū)稱,派瑞的助理肯尼斯·巖政在他去世當(dāng)天,,多次給他注射了氯胺酮,。其他人扮演的角色包括協(xié)助購(gòu)買藥物和提供注射氯胺酮所使用的注射器等。
洛杉磯縣法醫(yī)局在2023年通過(guò)美聯(lián)社發(fā)布的報(bào)告顯示,,54歲的派瑞意外死亡的其他原因,,包括“在游泳池的加熱端”溺水,以及冠狀動(dòng)脈疾病和用于治療阿片類藥物使用障礙的丁丙諾啡等,。
去年10月28日,,派瑞在位于洛杉磯太平洋帕利塞德地區(qū)的家中被發(fā)現(xiàn)時(shí)已沒(méi)有反應(yīng),隨后被宣告死亡,。法醫(yī)報(bào)告稱,,雖然派瑞曾有過(guò)服用毒品的記錄,但“據(jù)稱他已戒毒19個(gè)月”,。法醫(yī)稱,,據(jù)報(bào)道,他一直在通過(guò)氯胺酮注射療法,,治療抑郁和焦慮,。但他最后一次接受治療是在去世前一周半,。
據(jù)報(bào)道,在去世當(dāng)天的早些時(shí)候,,派瑞曾經(jīng)打過(guò)匹克球,。他的助理稱在外出辦事回來(lái)后,他發(fā)現(xiàn)派瑞臉朝下漂在泳池里,。他對(duì)調(diào)查人員表示,,派瑞并未生病,也沒(méi)有任何健康問(wèn)題,,且近期沒(méi)有飲酒或吸毒的跡象,。
氯胺酮俗稱派對(duì)毒品“K粉”,最近被作為治療嚴(yán)重抑郁的突破性藥物,。但服用氯胺酮存在風(fēng)險(xiǎn),。
什么是氯胺酮?
根據(jù)美國(guó)緝毒局(U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration)的資料,,氯胺酮是醫(yī)務(wù)人員和獸醫(yī)使用的一種麻醉劑,,有一定的致幻作用。這種解離性藥物類似于笑氣等迷幻藥物,,能讓使用者感覺(jué)與身體疼痛和周圍環(huán)境脫離,,扭曲視覺(jué)和聽(tīng)覺(jué)感知。
氯胺酮被批準(zhǔn)用于治療哪種疾???
根據(jù)美國(guó)緝毒局的說(shuō)法,美國(guó)食品藥品管理局(U.S. Food and Drug Administration,,F(xiàn)DA)批準(zhǔn)氯胺酮作為人類和動(dòng)物低劑量使用的短效麻醉劑,,以及作為一種鼻噴劑(艾氯胺酮),與另外一種口服抗抑郁藥物聯(lián)合使用,,用于治療難治性抑郁癥,。氯胺酮是一種速效抗抑郁藥物,用于在等待選擇性血清素再攝取抑制劑(SSRI)起效期間填補(bǔ)空白,。SSRI可能要數(shù)周時(shí)間才能發(fā)揮效果,。
氯胺酮能否用于治療抑郁?
氯胺酮僅獲得FDA批準(zhǔn),,作為治療難治性抑郁癥的鼻噴劑,。但美國(guó)國(guó)立健康研究院(U.S. National Institutes of Health)國(guó)家醫(yī)學(xué)圖書(shū)館(National Library of Medicine)的數(shù)據(jù)顯示,氯胺酮被越來(lái)越多的用于“非正規(guī)用途”,,治療抑郁,、自殺傾向和慢性疼痛等。越來(lái)越多診所通過(guò)注射氯胺酮治療抑郁癥,?;颊咴谧⑸渎劝吠陂g和之后會(huì)接受監(jiān)測(cè),。
是否有可能濫用氯胺酮?
氯胺酮可能被非法用于獲得快感,,可能作為液體與其他液體混合注射,,作為粉末吸食,混入飲料,,或者以吸煙的方式使用,。它在街頭有各種別稱,例如Cat Tranquilizer,、Cat Valium,、Jet K、Kit Kat, Purple,、Special K、Special La Coke,、Super Acid,、Super K、Horse Trank和Vitamin K等,。美國(guó)緝毒局稱,,過(guò)量服用氯胺酮可能導(dǎo)致失去意識(shí)或呼吸嚴(yán)重減慢。
內(nèi)穆?tīng)杻和】抵行模∟emours Children’s Health)的系統(tǒng)顯示,,使用者經(jīng)常將氯胺酮與搖頭丸(又被稱為“kitty flipping”)或可卡因等其他毒品混合使用,,或者摻在大麻卷中。氯胺酮也可能被混在煙草中吸食,。
氯胺酮帶來(lái)的被稱為“K洞”的幻覺(jué),,通常持續(xù)兩個(gè)小時(shí)或更短時(shí)間。在這個(gè)過(guò)程中,,使用者可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)惡心,、嘔吐和/或思考和記憶問(wèn)題。大劑量使用氯胺酮可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致行動(dòng)障礙,、身體麻木和呼吸減慢,。
過(guò)量服用氯胺酮有哪些表現(xiàn)?
過(guò)量服用氯胺酮的潛在副作用包括呼吸衰竭和死亡,。
氯胺酮能否與丁丙諾啡共同使用,?
據(jù)稱除了氯胺酮外,派瑞還服用過(guò)丁丙諾啡,,這種藥物被FDA批準(zhǔn)用于治療阿片類藥物使用障礙,。Drugs.com的信息顯示,兩種藥物共同使用會(huì)帶來(lái)“嚴(yán)重”風(fēng)險(xiǎn),,可能加重“頭暈,、嗜睡,、思維混亂、無(wú)法集中注意力,、過(guò)度鎮(zhèn)靜和呼吸衰竭”等副作用,。該網(wǎng)站建議兩種藥物的使用者“在了解藥物對(duì)自己的影響之前,避免進(jìn)行需要高度集中注意力的活動(dòng),,如開(kāi)車,、操作危險(xiǎn)機(jī)械等,或從事潛在危險(xiǎn)活動(dòng)”,。(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))
美聯(lián)社為本報(bào)道提供了協(xié)助,。
譯者:劉進(jìn)龍
審校:汪皓
據(jù)媒體報(bào)道,在深受喜愛(ài)的《老友記》(Friends)男星馬修·派瑞去世一年后,,距離尸檢確認(rèn)他死于麻醉藥物氯胺酮的急性作用過(guò)去了九個(gè)月,,洛杉磯當(dāng)局對(duì)藥物來(lái)源展開(kāi)調(diào)查,并逮捕多人,。
上周四,,派瑞的私人助理、兩位醫(yī)生和兩個(gè)熟人被指控涉嫌向派瑞提供或注射氯胺酮,。
來(lái)自北好萊塢的“氯胺酮女王”賈斯文·桑加和急診醫(yī)生薩爾瓦多·普拉森西亞被指控向派瑞的助理提供了造成其死亡的氯胺酮,。起訴書(shū)稱,派瑞的助理肯尼斯·巖政在他去世當(dāng)天,,多次給他注射了氯胺酮,。其他人扮演的角色包括協(xié)助購(gòu)買藥物和提供注射氯胺酮所使用的注射器等。
洛杉磯縣法醫(yī)局在2023年通過(guò)美聯(lián)社發(fā)布的報(bào)告顯示,,54歲的派瑞意外死亡的其他原因,,包括“在游泳池的加熱端”溺水,以及冠狀動(dòng)脈疾病和用于治療阿片類藥物使用障礙的丁丙諾啡等,。
去年10月28日,,派瑞在位于洛杉磯太平洋帕利塞德地區(qū)的家中被發(fā)現(xiàn)時(shí)已沒(méi)有反應(yīng),隨后被宣告死亡,。法醫(yī)報(bào)告稱,,雖然派瑞曾有過(guò)服用毒品的記錄,但“據(jù)稱他已戒毒19個(gè)月”,。法醫(yī)稱,,據(jù)報(bào)道,他一直在通過(guò)氯胺酮注射療法,,治療抑郁和焦慮,。但他最后一次接受治療是在去世前一周半。
據(jù)報(bào)道,,在去世當(dāng)天的早些時(shí)候,,派瑞曾經(jīng)打過(guò)匹克球,。他的助理稱在外出辦事回來(lái)后,他發(fā)現(xiàn)派瑞臉朝下漂在泳池里,。他對(duì)調(diào)查人員表示,,派瑞并未生病,也沒(méi)有任何健康問(wèn)題,,且近期沒(méi)有飲酒或吸毒的跡象,。
氯胺酮俗稱派對(duì)毒品“K粉”,最近被作為治療嚴(yán)重抑郁的突破性藥物,。但服用氯胺酮存在風(fēng)險(xiǎn),。
什么是氯胺酮?
根據(jù)美國(guó)緝毒局(U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration)的資料,,氯胺酮是醫(yī)務(wù)人員和獸醫(yī)使用的一種麻醉劑,,有一定的致幻作用。這種解離性藥物類似于笑氣等迷幻藥物,,能讓使用者感覺(jué)與身體疼痛和周圍環(huán)境脫離,,扭曲視覺(jué)和聽(tīng)覺(jué)感知。
氯胺酮被批準(zhǔn)用于治療哪種疾?。?/strong>
根據(jù)美國(guó)緝毒局的說(shuō)法,,美國(guó)食品藥品管理局(U.S. Food and Drug Administration,,F(xiàn)DA)批準(zhǔn)氯胺酮作為人類和動(dòng)物低劑量使用的短效麻醉劑,以及作為一種鼻噴劑(艾氯胺酮),,與另外一種口服抗抑郁藥物聯(lián)合使用,,用于治療難治性抑郁癥。氯胺酮是一種速效抗抑郁藥物,,用于在等待選擇性血清素再攝取抑制劑(SSRI)起效期間填補(bǔ)空白,。SSRI可能要數(shù)周時(shí)間才能發(fā)揮效果。
氯胺酮能否用于治療抑郁,?
氯胺酮僅獲得FDA批準(zhǔn),,作為治療難治性抑郁癥的鼻噴劑。但美國(guó)國(guó)立健康研究院(U.S. National Institutes of Health)國(guó)家醫(yī)學(xué)圖書(shū)館(National Library of Medicine)的數(shù)據(jù)顯示,,氯胺酮被越來(lái)越多的用于“非正規(guī)用途”,,治療抑郁、自殺傾向和慢性疼痛等,。越來(lái)越多診所通過(guò)注射氯胺酮治療抑郁癥,。患者在注射氯胺酮期間和之后會(huì)接受監(jiān)測(cè),。
是否有可能濫用氯胺酮,?
氯胺酮可能被非法用于獲得快感,,可能作為液體與其他液體混合注射,作為粉末吸食,,混入飲料,,或者以吸煙的方式使用。它在街頭有各種別稱,,例如Cat Tranquilizer,、Cat Valium、Jet K,、Kit Kat, Purple,、Special K、Special La Coke,、Super Acid,、Super K、Horse Trank和Vitamin K等,。美國(guó)緝毒局稱,,過(guò)量服用氯胺酮可能導(dǎo)致失去意識(shí)或呼吸嚴(yán)重減慢。
內(nèi)穆?tīng)杻和】抵行模∟emours Children’s Health)的系統(tǒng)顯示,,使用者經(jīng)常將氯胺酮與搖頭丸(又被稱為“kitty flipping”)或可卡因等其他毒品混合使用,,或者摻在大麻卷中。氯胺酮也可能被混在煙草中吸食,。
氯胺酮帶來(lái)的被稱為“K洞”的幻覺(jué),,通常持續(xù)兩個(gè)小時(shí)或更短時(shí)間。在這個(gè)過(guò)程中,,使用者可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)惡心,、嘔吐和/或思考和記憶問(wèn)題。大劑量使用氯胺酮可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致行動(dòng)障礙,、身體麻木和呼吸減慢,。
過(guò)量服用氯胺酮有哪些表現(xiàn)?
過(guò)量服用氯胺酮的潛在副作用包括呼吸衰竭和死亡,。
氯胺酮能否與丁丙諾啡共同使用,?
據(jù)稱除了氯胺酮外,派瑞還服用過(guò)丁丙諾啡,,這種藥物被FDA批準(zhǔn)用于治療阿片類藥物使用障礙,。Drugs.com的信息顯示,兩種藥物共同使用會(huì)帶來(lái)“嚴(yán)重”風(fēng)險(xiǎn),,可能加重“頭暈,、嗜睡、思維混亂、無(wú)法集中注意力,、過(guò)度鎮(zhèn)靜和呼吸衰竭”等副作用,。該網(wǎng)站建議兩種藥物的使用者“在了解藥物對(duì)自己的影響之前,避免進(jìn)行需要高度集中注意力的活動(dòng),,如開(kāi)車,、操作危險(xiǎn)機(jī)械等,或從事潛在危險(xiǎn)活動(dòng)”,。(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))
美聯(lián)社為本報(bào)道提供了協(xié)助,。
譯者:劉進(jìn)龍
審校:汪皓
Almost a year after the death of beloved Friends star Matthew Perry—and nine months after an autopsy concluded he had died from the acute effects of the anesthetic ketamine—several arrests have reportedly been made by Los Angeles authorities as part of their investigation into the source of the drug.
Perry’s personal assistant, two doctors, and two acquaintances were indicted and charged on Thursday with roles that included providing or administering the drug.
Jasveen Sangha of North Hollywood, known as the “Ketamine Queen,” and Salvador Plasencia, an urgent care physician, were charged with providing Perry’s assistant with the ketamine that led to the actor’s death. The assistant, Kenneth Iwamasa, according to reports of the indictment, injected Perry with the drug multiple times on the day he died. Roles of the others involved include assisting with the procurement of the drug and supplying the syringe used to inject the ketamine.
Drowning “in the heated end of his pool” also contributed to the 54-year-old actor’s accidental death—as did coronary artery disease and buprenorphine, used to treat opioid use disorder, according to reports by the Los Angeles County Department of Coroner via the Associated Press in 2023.
Perry was declared dead after being found unresponsive at his home in the Pacific Palisades area of Los Angeles on Oct. 28. While the actor had previously taken drugs, he had been “reportedly clean for 19 months,” according to the coroner’s report. He had reportedly received ketamine infusion therapy for depression and anxiety, the coroner wrote. But his last treatment was reported to have occurred a week and a half before his death.
Perry had reportedly played pickleball earlier in the day. His assistant, who said he found him face down in the pool after returning from running errands, told investigators that the actor hadn’t been sick, made any health complaints, or shown evidence of recent alcohol or drug use.
Ketamine, popularly known as the party drug Special K, has recently been hailed as a breakthrough treatment for major depression. But it is not without risks.
What is ketamine?
Ketamine is an anesthetic used by medical providers and veterinarians with some hallucinogenic effects, according to the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration. A dissociative drug similar to psychedelics like nitrous oxide, it makes users feel detached from their pain, as well as their environment, distorting perception of sight and sound.
What is ketamine approved to treat?
It’s been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, in low doses, for use as a short-acting anesthetic in humans and animals, and as a nasal spray (esketamine) for treatment-resistant depression in conjunction with another oral antidepressant, according to the DEA. It’s a fast-acting antidepressant, used to bridge the gap while waiting for SSRIs to kick in, which can take weeks.
Can ketamine be used for depression?
Ketamine is only FDA-approved for use as a nasal spray in treatment-resistant depression. But it’s increasingly used “off label” for treating depression, suicidal ideation, and chronic pain, according to the U.S. National Institutes of Health’s National Library of Medicine. An increasing number of clinics offer infusions for the treatment of depressions. Patients are monitored during and after the infusion.
Is it possible to abuse ketamine?
It can be used illegally to get high—via an injectable, liquid mixed with other liquids, or a powder to be snorted, mixed in drinks, or smoked. On the street it’s sometimes known by the names Cat Tranquilizer, Cat Valium, Jet K, Kit Kat, Purple, Special K, Special La Coke, Super Acid, Super K, Horse Trank, and Vitamin K. An overdose can lead to loss of consciousness and dangerously slowed breathing, according to the DEA.
Users often partake of it with other drugs like Ecstasy (called “kitty flipping”), or cocaine, or sprinkle it on marijuana blunts, according to the Nemours Children’s Health system. It can also be smoked with tobacco.
The trip, called the “K hole,” usually lasts two hours or less. During this time, users may become nauseated, vomit, and/or have thinking and memory problems. High doses may cause movement issues, body numbness, and slowed breathing.
What are signs of a ketamine overdose?
Potential side effects of an overdose include respiratory failure and death.
Should ketamine and buprenorphine be used together?
Perry reportedly had buprenorphine—a medication approved by the FDA to treat opioid use disorder—in his system, in addition to ketamine. Using the two drugs together poses a “major” risk and can increase side effects like “dizziness, drowsiness, confusion, difficulty concentrating, excessive sedation, and respiratory depression,” according to Drugs.com. It advises users of both to “avoid activities requiring mental alertness such as driving, operating hazardous machinery, or engaging in potentially hazardous activities until you know how the medications affect you.”
The Associated Press contributed to this report.