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華爾街預(yù)測美國經(jīng)濟衰退的概率達五成

Jason Ma
2025-03-18

若特朗普計劃于4月2日生效的對等關(guān)稅措施實質(zhì)性落地,,美國陷入經(jīng)濟衰退的概率大幅提高。

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? 華爾街正不斷上調(diào)美國經(jīng)濟陷入衰退的概率,部分經(jīng)濟學(xué)家認為可能性已達五成,。當(dāng)前,,美國總統(tǒng)唐納德·特朗普對其激進的關(guān)稅計劃毫無讓步跡象,包括數(shù)周后將生效的對等關(guān)稅措施,。

華爾街預(yù)測美國經(jīng)濟陷入衰退的可能性不斷升高,,部分經(jīng)濟學(xué)家甚至認為概率已達五成。

摩根大通(JPMorgan)首席經(jīng)濟學(xué)家布魯斯·卡斯曼上周三在新加坡向記者表示,,他目前認為美國的經(jīng)濟衰退風(fēng)險約為40%,,高于年初的約30%,。

但他補充說,若特朗普計劃于4月2日生效的對等關(guān)稅措施實質(zhì)性落地,,經(jīng)濟衰退的概率將升至50%或更高,。

卡斯曼表示:“如果我們繼續(xù)推進這些更具破壞性、不利于商業(yè)的政策,,我認為經(jīng)濟衰退的風(fēng)險將進一步攀升,。”

與此同時,,前美國財政部長拉里·薩默斯警告稱,考慮到特朗普推行的關(guān)稅政策,、移民管控及大規(guī)模聯(lián)邦裁員等因素共同導(dǎo)致消費者和企業(yè)支出計劃急劇縮減,,經(jīng)濟衰退的可能性約為50%。

他上周二在接受彭博電視臺采訪時指出,,當(dāng)經(jīng)濟預(yù)測開始朝特定方向修正時,,往往會產(chǎn)生慣性。而目前所有修正都指向增長放緩,。

他補充道:“我認為我們正面臨實實在在的不確定性難題,。局面恐難扭轉(zhuǎn)。我們將經(jīng)歷比預(yù)期更嚴重的經(jīng)濟放緩,,同時面臨著接近50%的嚴重衰退風(fēng)險,。”

穆迪分析(Moody’s Analytics)首席經(jīng)濟學(xué)家馬克·贊迪基于關(guān)稅因素,,將衰退概率從年初的15%上調(diào)至35%,。

但他上周三對彭博電視臺表示,若特朗普堅持推進關(guān)稅計劃并持續(xù)數(shù)月,,足以將美國經(jīng)濟拖入衰退,。

目前他仍寄希望于談判能促使關(guān)稅回調(diào),因此他維持50%以下的預(yù)測,。

贊迪表示:“但隨著時間的推移,,我的信心正在日益動搖。毋庸置疑,,相關(guān)不確定性已造成實質(zhì)損害,。"

事實上,消費者和企業(yè)調(diào)查顯示,,在關(guān)稅政策不確定性與聯(lián)邦大規(guī)模裁員的陰影下,,各方對經(jīng)濟前景的悲觀情緒持續(xù)加劇。即便在支持特朗普的“深紅州”,,企業(yè)高管也表示營商環(huán)境正急劇惡化,。

華爾街其他機構(gòu)對經(jīng)濟衰退概率的預(yù)測雖然沒有這么高,,但均呈快速攀升態(tài)勢。本月初,,市場權(quán)威愛德華·亞德尼和埃里克·瓦勒斯坦表示,,他們將美股進入熊市及關(guān)稅引發(fā)經(jīng)濟衰退的概率從20%上調(diào)至35%。

安聯(lián)(Allianz)首席經(jīng)濟顧問穆罕默德·埃里安則將衰退概率從年初的10%提升到25%至30%,。

美國財政部長斯科特·貝森特上周日接受NBC《媒體見面會》(Meet the Press)采訪時,,被問及能否保證美國不會出現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟衰退。他回應(yīng)稱無法作此保證,,并解釋他早前提及的“經(jīng)濟調(diào)整”并非必定會導(dǎo)致衰退,。

他說:“但可以確定的是,若延續(xù)原有政策軌跡,,金融危機必將爆發(fā),。我對此深有研究。我教過這方面的課程,。若維持原有支出水平,,整個體系將難以為繼。因此我們正在重新規(guī)劃,,讓經(jīng)濟重回可持續(xù)發(fā)展軌道,。”

特朗普本人曾拒絕排除經(jīng)濟衰退的可能性,,此舉引發(fā)股市暴跌,,數(shù)日后他又改口稱未見衰退跡象。但他的貿(mào)易政策立場依然強硬,,并在上周四重申“絕不會做出任何讓步”,。

CNN最近調(diào)查了美國民眾對特朗普經(jīng)濟治理的評價。調(diào)查結(jié)果顯示,,民眾的認可度驟降,。在被問到這個問題時,白宮為特朗普的經(jīng)濟計劃辯護,,并強調(diào)了他第一個任期的政績,。

白宮發(fā)言人庫什·德賽在聲明中表示:“自特朗普當(dāng)選以來,為了回應(yīng)其‘美國優(yōu)先’的關(guān)稅政策,、放松監(jiān)管及能源開放戰(zhàn)略,,行業(yè)領(lǐng)袖已通過數(shù)萬億美元投資承諾,這些投資將創(chuàng)造數(shù)千個新就業(yè)崗位,。特朗普總統(tǒng)在第一任期實現(xiàn)了歷史性的就業(yè),、工資及投資增長,第二任期必將延續(xù)這一輝煌?!保ㄘ敻恢形木W(wǎng))

譯者:劉進龍

審校:汪皓

? 華爾街正不斷上調(diào)美國經(jīng)濟陷入衰退的概率,,部分經(jīng)濟學(xué)家認為可能性已達五成。當(dāng)前,,美國總統(tǒng)唐納德·特朗普對其激進的關(guān)稅計劃毫無讓步跡象,,包括數(shù)周后將生效的對等關(guān)稅措施。

華爾街預(yù)測美國經(jīng)濟陷入衰退的可能性不斷升高,,部分經(jīng)濟學(xué)家甚至認為概率已達五成,。

摩根大通(JPMorgan)首席經(jīng)濟學(xué)家布魯斯·卡斯曼上周三在新加坡向記者表示,他目前認為美國的經(jīng)濟衰退風(fēng)險約為40%,,高于年初的約30%,。

但他補充說,若特朗普計劃于4月2日生效的對等關(guān)稅措施實質(zhì)性落地,,經(jīng)濟衰退的概率將升至50%或更高,。

卡斯曼表示:“如果我們繼續(xù)推進這些更具破壞性、不利于商業(yè)的政策,,我認為經(jīng)濟衰退的風(fēng)險將進一步攀升?!?/p>

與此同時,,前美國財政部長拉里·薩默斯警告稱,考慮到特朗普推行的關(guān)稅政策,、移民管控及大規(guī)模聯(lián)邦裁員等因素共同導(dǎo)致消費者和企業(yè)支出計劃急劇縮減,,經(jīng)濟衰退的可能性約為50%。

他上周二在接受彭博電視臺采訪時指出,,當(dāng)經(jīng)濟預(yù)測開始朝特定方向修正時,,往往會產(chǎn)生慣性。而目前所有修正都指向增長放緩,。

他補充道:“我認為我們正面臨實實在在的不確定性難題,。局面恐難扭轉(zhuǎn)。我們將經(jīng)歷比預(yù)期更嚴重的經(jīng)濟放緩,,同時面臨著接近50%的嚴重衰退風(fēng)險,。”

穆迪分析(Moody’s Analytics)首席經(jīng)濟學(xué)家馬克·扎蒂基于關(guān)稅因素,,將衰退概率從年初的15%上調(diào)至35%,。

但他上周三對彭博電視臺表示,若特朗普堅持推進關(guān)稅計劃并持續(xù)數(shù)月,,足以將美國經(jīng)濟拖入衰退,。

目前他仍寄希望于談判能促使關(guān)稅回調(diào),因此他維持50%以下的預(yù)測。

扎蒂表示:“但隨著時間的推移,,我的信心正在日益動搖,。毋庸置疑,相關(guān)不確定性已造成實質(zhì)損害,。"

事實上,,消費者和企業(yè)調(diào)查顯示,在關(guān)稅政策不確定性與聯(lián)邦大規(guī)模裁員的陰影下,,各方對經(jīng)濟前景的悲觀情緒持續(xù)加劇,。即便在支持特朗普的“深紅州”,企業(yè)高管也表示營商環(huán)境正急劇惡化,。

華爾街其他機構(gòu)對經(jīng)濟衰退概率的預(yù)測雖然沒有這么高,,但均呈快速攀升態(tài)勢。本月初,,市場權(quán)威愛德華·亞德尼和埃里克·瓦勒斯坦表示,,他們將美股進入熊市及關(guān)稅引發(fā)經(jīng)濟衰退的概率從20%上調(diào)至35%。

安聯(lián)(Allianz)首席經(jīng)濟顧問穆罕默德·埃里安則將衰退概率從年初的10%提升到25%至30%,。

美國財政部長斯科特·貝森特上周日接受NBC《媒體見面會》(Meet the Press)采訪時,,被問及能否保證美國不會出現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟衰退。他回應(yīng)稱無法作此保證,,并解釋他早前提及的“經(jīng)濟調(diào)整”并非必定會導(dǎo)致衰退,。

他表似乎:“但可以確定的是,若延續(xù)原有政策軌跡,,金融危機必將爆發(fā),。我對此深有研究。我教過這方面的課程,。若維持原有支出水平,,整個體系將難以為繼。因此我們正在重新規(guī)劃,,讓經(jīng)濟重回可持續(xù)發(fā)展軌道,。”

特朗普本人曾拒絕排除經(jīng)濟衰退的可能性,,此舉引發(fā)股市暴跌,,數(shù)日后他又改口稱未見衰退跡象。但他的貿(mào)易政策立場依然強硬,,并在上周四重申“絕不會做出任何讓步”,。

CNN最近調(diào)查了美國民眾對特朗普經(jīng)濟治理的評價。調(diào)查結(jié)果顯示,,民眾的認可度驟降,。在被問到這個問題時,,白宮為特朗普的經(jīng)濟計劃辯護,并強調(diào)了他第一個任期的政績,。

白宮發(fā)言人庫什·德賽在聲明中表示:“自特朗普當(dāng)選以來,,為了回應(yīng)其‘美國優(yōu)先’的關(guān)稅政策、放松監(jiān)管及能源開放戰(zhàn)略,,行業(yè)領(lǐng)袖已通過數(shù)萬億美元投資承諾,,這些投資將創(chuàng)造數(shù)千個新就業(yè)崗位。特朗普總統(tǒng)在第一任期實現(xiàn)了歷史性的就業(yè),、工資及投資增長,,第二任期必將延續(xù)這一輝煌?!保ㄘ敻恢形木W(wǎng))

譯者:劉進龍

審校:汪皓

? Wall Street is raising the probability that the US economy will slip into a recession, with some economists seeing 50-50 odds. That’s as President Donald Trump shows no signs of backing down on his aggressive tariff plans, including reciprocal duties set to take effect in a few weeks.

The likelihood that the US economy will slip into a recession is rising on Wall Street, with some economists even seeing 50-50 odds.

JPMorgan chief economist Bruce Kasman told reporters in Singapore on Wednesday that he now sees a roughly 40% recession risk, up from about 30% at the start of the year.

But he added that recession odds would rise to 50% or above if President Donald Trump’s planned reciprocal tariffs, which are due to take effect April 2, meaningfully come in to force.

“If we would continue down this road of what would be more disruptive, business-unfriendly policies, I think the risks on that recession front would go up,” Kasman said.

Meanwhile, former Treasury Secretary Larry Summers warned that the chances of a recession are about 50%, citing Trump’s tariffs, immigration crackdown, and mass federal layoffs, which are combining to cause sharp reductions in consumer and business spending plans.

When economic forecasts start being revised in a certain direction, there tends to be momentum, he told Bloomberg TV on Tuesday. And all the revisions are going toward less growth.

“I think we’ve got a real uncertainty problem,” Summers added. “I think it’s going to be hard to fix that. And we’re looking at a slowdown relative to what was forecast almost for sure and serious near-50% prospect of recession.”

Moody’s Analytics chief economist Mark Zandi raised his recession odds to 35% from 15% at the start of the, citing tariffs.

But if Trump follows through with his tariff plans and stays there for more than a few months, that would be enough to push the economy into recession, he told Bloomberg TV on Wednesday.

For now, he has hope that negotiations will lead to tariffs getting reeled back in, which is keeping his forecast below 50%.

“But I don’t say that with any confidence with each passing day,” Zandi said. “And of course, the uncertainty around all of this is doing damage.”

In fact, surveys of consumers and businesses show that they are turning increasingly gloomy about the economy amid tariff uncertainty and mass federal layoffs. Even executives in deep-red states that voted for Trump say seeing business conditions are collapsing.

Elsewhere on Wall Street, recession probabilities aren’t as high, but they are rising sharply. Market gurus Ed Yardeni and Eric Wallerstein said earlier this month that they see odds of a bear market and a tariff-induced recession at 35%, up from 20%.

And Allianz chief economic advisor Mohamed El-Erian lifted his recession probability to 25%-30% from 10% at the beginning of the year.

Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent was asked on NBC’s Meet the Press on Sunday if he could guarantee there won’t be a recession, and he replied that there are no guarantees, adding that his earlier comment of an economic adjustment doesn’t mean there has to be a recession.

“But I can tell you that if we kept on this track, what I could guarantee is we would have had a financial crisis,” he said. “I’ve studied it. I’ve taught it. And if we had kept up at these spending levels, that everything was unsustainable. So we are resetting and we are putting things on a sustainable path.”

For his part, Trump last weekend refused to rule out a recession, causing stocks to dive, then said days later that he doesn’t see one coming. But Trump isn’t budging on his trade policies, saying Thursday that “I’m not going to bend at all.”

And when asked about the sharp dive in approval in a recent CNN poll on how Americans view Trump’s handling of the economy, the White House defended his economic plans and pointed to his record during his first term.

“Since President Trump was elected, industry leaders have responded to President Trump’s America First economic agenda of tariffs, deregulation, and the unleashing of American energy with trillions in investment commitments that will create thousands of new jobs,” spokesman Kush Desai said in a statement. “President Trump delivered historic job, wage, and investment growth in his first term, and is set to do so again in his second term.”

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