
? 唐納德·特朗普總統(tǒng)給美國盟友及貿易伙伴所帶來的沖擊波,也引發(fā)了外界對美元等美國資產的質疑,。盡管預計美元在短期內不太可能失去其全球主導貨幣的地位,,但隨著世界各國開始重新評估美國未來的可靠性,新的疑慮正在悄然滋生,。
國際社會正對美國產生信任危機,,這種危機可能蔓延到金融市場,甚至波及看似不可撼動的美元,。
目前,,美元仍是全球儲備和交易的主導貨幣,使美國得以享有“超級特權”,。
但自唐納德·特朗普總統(tǒng)就任以來,,其種種言行震驚了傳統(tǒng)盟友與貿易伙伴。他頻頻向俄羅斯示好,,更聲稱若北約成員國不增加軍費開支,,美國或將撤回安保承諾。
“美國簽署的任何文件如今都形同虛設”
這使得量子戰(zhàn)略公司(Quantum Strategy)的大衛(wèi)·羅奇本月宣稱“北約已死”,,并斷言“再也不會有人信任美國簽署的條約”,。他認為,日元正在取代美元成為新的避險貨幣,。
美國對北約的承諾遭到懷疑,,已導致加拿大和葡萄牙重新考慮采購美國的F-35隱形戰(zhàn)機的計劃,,而歐洲正在啟動大規(guī)模軍備建設,。
特朗普還執(zhí)意要將加拿大和格陵蘭納入美國版圖,而且盡管在特朗普的首個任期內美國與加拿大和墨西哥簽訂了貿易協(xié)定,卻仍對兩個鄰國加征關稅,。
麥克唐納-勞里埃研究所(Macdonald-Laurier Institute)高級研究員菲利普·克羅斯本月為《華爾街日報》撰文指出:“無論是特朗普親自談判的《美墨加協(xié)定》(US-Mexico-Canada Agreement),、北大西洋公約組織、涉及哥倫比亞和大湖區(qū)的水資源條約,,甚至是數(shù)十年前締結的美加邊境協(xié)議,,特朗普的種種行為已明確表明,美國簽署的任何文件如今都形同虛設,?!?/p>
盟友與美元
加州大學伯克利分校(University of California at Berkeley)的經濟學與政治學教授巴里·艾肯格林指出,同盟體系是維系貨幣地位的關鍵,。他撰寫過大量有關美元的著作,。
他近日在《金融時報》的專欄文章中警告稱:“若美國被認定背棄盟友,美元的全球地位必將受損,?!?/p>
他指出,縱觀歷史,,各國傾向于將伙伴國的貨幣作為儲備資產和支付方式,。
艾肯格林舉例說,20世紀60年代,,德國和日本因重視與美國的防務協(xié)定而支持美元,,鼎力支持美元維系其國際地位。
艾肯格林補充道:“歸根結底,,美元的命運取決于美國領導人是否愿意恪守法治原則,、尊重三權分立原則,并信守對國際伙伴的承諾,?!?/p>
去美元化浪潮
華爾街開始審視新地緣政治格局對美元前景的沖擊,包括美元的價值與國際地位,。
據(jù)彭博社報道,,荷蘭合作銀行(Rabobank)策略師簡·弗利在近期的一份報告中指出,特朗普掀起的貿易戰(zhàn),、退出軍事同盟以及吞并加拿大和格陵蘭領土的臆想,,“或將加速去美元化浪潮,削弱美元價值”,。
德意志銀行(Deutsche Bank)首席外匯策略師喬治·薩拉維奧斯也警告稱,,隨著市場對國際秩序重新定價,美元喪失避險貨幣地位的潛在風險“必須被納入可能性考量范疇”,。
白宮未立即回應置評請求,。盡管特朗普政府暗示樂見美元走弱以改善貿易逆差,,但特朗普與財長斯科特·貝森特均強調,必須維系美元的主導地位,。
信任危機甚至蔓延至通常不受政治影響的央行體系,。事實上,有消息人士對路透社表示,,部分歐洲央行及監(jiān)管機構的官員開始質疑,,作為獨立機構運行的美聯(lián)儲是否仍值得信賴,能夠履行基本金融穩(wěn)定職能,,通過供應貨幣緩解市場壓力,。
該報道稱,盡管官員們認為美聯(lián)儲拒絕履行“兜底”職能的可能性極低,,但他們已非正式討論過美國政府施壓美聯(lián)儲的潛在情景,。
美聯(lián)儲拒絕置評,亦未釋放危機時停止美元供給的信號,。特朗普本人則宣稱不會撤換美聯(lián)儲主席杰羅姆·鮑威爾,,后者也強調總統(tǒng)無權將其解職。
美元VS黃金
可以肯定的是,,對美元前景的質疑從未停歇,。評級機構穆迪(Moody’s)上周警告稱,美國債務規(guī)模持續(xù)刷新數(shù)十年峰值,,可能削弱“美元及美債市場在全球金融體系中的獨特核心地位”,。
2022年西方國家因俄烏沖突對俄實施制裁,這促使多國減少了對美元的依賴,,轉而增持黃金等替代資產,,以實現(xiàn)資產配置多元化。
描述不可預測事件的暢銷書《黑天鵝》(The Black Swan)的作者納西姆·塔勒布去年曾表達過這種擔憂,。當時他警告此類制裁堪稱21世紀最嚴重的金融決策失誤之一,。
與此同時,全球央行與消費者仍在持續(xù)增持黃金,。自2022年以來金價已上漲了大約一倍,,突破每盎司3,000美元大關。美國銀行(Bank of America)分析師預測該趨勢將持續(xù)下去,,且最近預測金價或將觸及3,500美元,。
分析師們在最近的研究報告中指出:“當然,還有一個問題:若美國轉向內顧政策,,各國還有什么動力繼續(xù)錨定美元為主要儲備貨幣,?。與此同時,,有人擔心‘美國優(yōu)先’若演變?yōu)椤绹铝ⅰ?,勢必將推動各國的外匯儲備進一步多元化,。”他們還表示黃金將是這場變革的最終贏家,。(財富中文網)
譯者:劉進龍
審校:汪皓
? 唐納德·特朗普總統(tǒng)給美國盟友及貿易伙伴所帶來的沖擊波,,也引發(fā)了外界對美元等美國資產的質疑,。盡管預計美元在短期內不太可能失去其全球主導貨幣的地位,,但隨著世界各國開始重新評估美國未來的可靠性,新的疑慮正在悄然滋生,。
國際社會正對美國產生信任危機,,這種危機可能蔓延到金融市場,甚至波及看似不可撼動的美元,。
目前,,美元仍是全球儲備和交易的主導貨幣,使美國得以享有“超級特權”,。
但自唐納德·特朗普總統(tǒng)就任以來,,其種種言行震驚了傳統(tǒng)盟友與貿易伙伴。他頻頻向俄羅斯示好,,更聲稱若北約成員國不增加軍費開支,,美國或將撤回安保承諾。
“美國簽署的任何文件如今都形同虛設”
這使得量子戰(zhàn)略公司(Quantum Strategy)的大衛(wèi)·羅奇本月宣稱“北約已死”,,并斷言“再也不會有人信任美國簽署的條約”,。他認為,日元正在取代美元成為新的避險貨幣,。
美國對北約的承諾遭到懷疑,,已導致加拿大和葡萄牙重新考慮采購美國的F-35隱形戰(zhàn)機的計劃,而歐洲正在啟動大規(guī)模軍備建設,。
特朗普還執(zhí)意要將加拿大和格陵蘭納入美國版圖,,而且盡管在特朗普的首個任期內美國與加拿大和墨西哥簽訂了貿易協(xié)定,卻仍對兩個鄰國加征關稅,。
麥克唐納-勞里埃研究所(Macdonald-Laurier Institute)高級研究員菲利普·克羅斯本月為《華爾街日報》撰文指出:“無論是特朗普親自談判的《美墨加協(xié)定》(US-Mexico-Canada Agreement),、北大西洋公約組織、涉及哥倫比亞和大湖區(qū)的水資源條約,,甚至是數(shù)十年前締結的美加邊境協(xié)議,,特朗普的種種行為已明確表明,美國簽署的任何文件如今都形同虛設,?!?/p>
盟友與美元
加州大學伯克利分校(University of California at Berkeley)的經濟學與政治學教授巴里·艾肯格林指出,同盟體系是維系貨幣地位的關鍵,。他撰寫過大量有關美元的著作,。
他近日在《金融時報》的專欄文章中警告稱:“若美國被認定背棄盟友,,美元的全球地位必將受損?!?/p>
他指出,,縱觀歷史,各國傾向于將伙伴國的貨幣作為儲備資產和支付方式,。
艾肯格林舉例說,,20世紀60年代,德國和日本因重視與美國的防務協(xié)定而支持美元,,鼎力支持美元維系其國際地位,。
艾肯格林補充道:“歸根結底,美元的命運取決于美國領導人是否愿意恪守法治原則,、尊重三權分立原則,,并信守對國際伙伴的承諾?!?/p>
去美元化浪潮
華爾街開始審視新地緣政治格局對美元前景的沖擊,,包括美元的價值與國際地位。
據(jù)彭博社報道,,荷蘭合作銀行(Rabobank)策略師簡·弗利在近期的一份報告中指出,,特朗普掀起的貿易戰(zhàn)、退出軍事同盟以及吞并加拿大和格陵蘭領土的臆想,,“或將加速去美元化浪潮,,削弱美元價值”。
德意志銀行(Deutsche Bank)首席外匯策略師喬治·薩拉維奧斯也警告稱,,隨著市場對國際秩序重新定價,,美元喪失避險貨幣地位的潛在風險“必須被納入可能性考量范疇”。
白宮未立即回應置評請求,。盡管特朗普政府暗示樂見美元走弱以改善貿易逆差,,但特朗普與財長斯科特·貝森特均強調,必須維系美元的主導地位,。
信任危機甚至蔓延至通常不受政治影響的央行體系,。事實上,有消息人士對路透社表示,,部分歐洲央行及監(jiān)管機構的官員開始質疑,,作為獨立機構運行的美聯(lián)儲是否仍值得信賴,能夠履行基本金融穩(wěn)定職能,,通過供應貨幣緩解市場壓力,。
該報道稱,盡管官員們認為美聯(lián)儲拒絕履行“兜底”職能的可能性極低,但他們已非正式討論過美國政府施壓美聯(lián)儲的潛在情景,。
美聯(lián)儲拒絕置評,,亦未釋放危機時停止美元供給的信號。特朗普本人則宣稱不會撤換美聯(lián)儲主席杰羅姆·鮑威爾,,后者也強調總統(tǒng)無權將其解職,。
美元VS黃金
可以肯定的是,對美元前景的質疑從未停歇,。評級機構穆迪(Moody’s)上周警告稱,,美國債務規(guī)模持續(xù)刷新數(shù)十年峰值,可能削弱“美元及美債市場在全球金融體系中的獨特核心地位”,。
2022年西方國家因俄烏沖突對俄實施制裁,,這促使多國減少了對美元的依賴,,轉而增持黃金等替代資產,,以實現(xiàn)資產配置多元化。
描述不可預測事件的暢銷書《黑天鵝》(The Black Swan)的作者納西姆·塔勒布去年曾表達過這種擔憂,。當時他警告此類制裁堪稱21世紀最嚴重的金融決策失誤之一,。
與此同時,全球央行與消費者仍在持續(xù)增持黃金,。自2022年以來金價已上漲了大約一倍,,突破每盎司3,000美元大關。美國銀行(Bank of America)分析師預測該趨勢將持續(xù)下去,,且最近預測金價或將觸及3,500美元,。
分析師們在最近的研究報告中指出:“當然,還有一個問題:若美國轉向內顧政策,,各國還有什么動力繼續(xù)錨定美元為主要儲備貨幣,?。與此同時,,有人擔心‘美國優(yōu)先’若演變?yōu)椤绹铝ⅰ?,勢必將推動各國的外匯儲備進一步多元化?!彼麄冞€表示黃金將是這場變革的最終贏家,。(財富中文網)
譯者:劉進龍
審校:汪皓
? The shockwaves that President Donald Trump has sent to American allies and trading partners have also raised questions about US assets, including the dollar. While the greenback isn’t expected to lose its status as the world’s dominant currency anytime soon, fresh doubts are creeping in as the world weighs how reliable the US will be in the future.
The world is having trust issues with America, and they could spill over to financial markets, including the almighty dollar.
For now, the dollar remains the dominant currency in global reserves and transactions, allowing the US to enjoy an “exorbitant privilege.”
But President Donald Trump has shocked traditional allies and trading partners since taking office. He has warmed up to Russia and said if NATO members don’t pay more for defense, the US may not come to their aid.
‘America’s signature on any document is now meaningless’
That prompted Quantum Strategy’s David Roche to declare earlier this month that “NATO is dead,” adding that “nobody will trust a US treaty again.” As a result, Japan’s yen is now the new safe haven currency, he said, unseating the greenback.
Doubts about the US commitment to NATO have also prompted Canada and Portugal to have second thoughts about buying America’s F-35 stealth fighter, while Europe is launching a massive military buildup.
Then there’s Trump’s insistence that Canada and Greenland become part of the US, not to mention his tariffs against Canada and Mexico—despite the US signing a trade pact with its neighbors during Trump’s first term.
“Mr. Trump has made clear that America’s signature on any document is now meaningless, whether it is the US-Mexico-Canada Agreement—which Mr. Trump himself negotiated—the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, the Columbia and Great Lakes water treaties, or even US-Canada border agreements settled decades ago,” Philip Cross, a senior fellow at the Macdonald-Laurier Institute, wrote in a Wall Street Journal op-ed this month.
Allies and the dollar
Alliances are key to currencies, according to Barry Eichengreen, an economics and political science professor at the University of California at Berkeley who has written extensively about the dollar.
In a recent column in the Financial Times, he warned that “the dollar’s global role will suffer if the US is perceived as turning its back on its allies.”
He pointed out that throughout history, countries tend to use their partners’ currencies as reserve assets and as methods of payment.
For example, Germany and Japan supported the dollar and helped preserve its global status during the 1960s because they valued their defense pacts with the US, Eichengreen said.
“Ultimately, the fate of the dollar will turn on the willingness of America’s leaders to uphold the rule of law, respect the separation of powers and honor the country’s commitments to its foreign partners,” he added.
De-dollarization
Wall Street is starting to consider the effects of the new geopolitical landscape on the dollar’s future, including its worth and its status.
Rabobank strategist Jane Foley said in a recent note that Trump’s trade war, retreat from military alliances, as well as takeover musings about Canada and Greenland “could accelerate the trend to de-dollarize and undermine the value” of the greenback, according to Bloomberg.
Top Deutsche Bank foreign-exchange strategist George Saravelos also warned that the risk of the dollar losing its safe-haven status “needs to be acknowledged as a possibility” as markets price in the world order.
The White House didn’t immediately respond to a request for comment. While the administration has signaled a preference for a weaker dollar to improve the US trade balance, Trump and Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent have said the dollar must retain its dominant position.
The erosion of trust has extended to central banks, which are typically isolated from political pressure. In fact, sources told Reuters that some European central banking and supervisory officials are questioning whether the Federal Reserve, an independent agency, can still be trusted to carry out its foundational financial stability role of providing dollars to ease market stress.
While they consider the possibility of the Fed refusing its backstop duty as highly unlikely, officials have informally discussed scenarios where the US administration pressures the Fed, the report said.
The Fed declined to comment and has given no indication it wouldn’t provide dollar funding in a crisis. For his part, Trump has said he won’t remove Fed Chairman Jerome Powell, who has also said the president can’t fire him.
Dollar vs. gold
To be sure, doubts about the dollar’s future frequently come up. Moody’s warned this past week that massive US debt, which has been hitting extremes for decades, may offset “the unique and central roles of the dollar and Treasury bond market in global finance.”
And Western sanctions against Russia for its invasion of Ukraine in 2022 prompted other countries to reduce reliance on the dollar and diversify their holdings with other assets like gold.
Nassim Nicholas Taleb, who wrote the book The Black Swan about unpredictable events, flagged this concern last year, when he warned the sanctions were one of the biggest financial mistakes in the 21st century.
Meanwhile, central banks and consumers around the world are still loading up on gold, which has seen its price roughly double since 2022, soaring past $3,000 per ounce. Analysts at Bank of America see the trend continuing and recently predicted it could reach $3,500.
“Of course, there is also the question on the incentive for countries to keep using the dollar as the main currency, if the US is to become more inward-looking. Accompanying that are concerns about whether ‘America First’ morphs into a policy of ‘American Alone,’ which could prompt further diversification of FX reserves,” they wrote in a recent note, adding that gold will be the winner.