
億萬富豪、對(duì)沖基金投資者比爾·阿克曼今年只在社交平臺(tái)X上推薦過兩本書,,其中一本是薩希爾?布魯姆的新書《五種財(cái)富》,,另一本就是彼得?阿提亞的《活得更久》(Outlive)。
彼得·阿提亞是一名醫(yī)生兼作家,,也是預(yù)防保健學(xué)的倡導(dǎo)者,,在歐美國家的養(yǎng)生領(lǐng)域有不小的號(hào)召力?!痘畹酶谩肥且槐咀阕銓懥?00頁的作品,,銷量超過200萬冊(cè),而且還曾登頂《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》暢銷書排行榜的榜首,。在這本書里,,阿提亞探討了所有跟長(zhǎng)壽有關(guān)的話題,比如如何健身才讓身體保持最佳狀態(tài),,負(fù)重行走的好處,,握力為何重要,如何科學(xué)地?cái)z入蛋白質(zhì),,以及壓力管理的重要性等等,。
下面我們就來分享這本書里的一些干貨:
關(guān)注健康壽命,而不是自然壽命
人的健康壽命年限和自然壽命年限是有差距的,。根據(jù)麥肯錫公司的一份報(bào)告,,美國人的這一差距大概是在10年以上,而且女性的這一差距比男性長(zhǎng) 25% ,。
因此,,阿提亞的書不僅鼓勵(lì)人們追求長(zhǎng)壽,更倡導(dǎo)人們?cè)诮】档臓顟B(tài)下追求長(zhǎng)壽,。他建議讀者們憧憬一下自己的晚年生活,。
“你人生的最后十年……可能是你對(duì)孫輩們產(chǎn)生最大影響的十年,也可能是你最有能力幫助別人的十年,?!卑⑻醽喸诒緯霭婧蠼邮軍W普拉采訪時(shí)這樣說道。
關(guān)注健康壽命年限,,有助于我們制定更有針對(duì)性的健康老齡化目標(biāo),,比如通過鍛煉來達(dá)到能夠帶孫子的運(yùn)動(dòng)水平,或者通過學(xué)習(xí)新事物來改善記憶力,。同時(shí)還要盡量降低慢性病風(fēng)險(xiǎn),,這一點(diǎn)對(duì)于晚年幸福、延長(zhǎng)健康壽命年限也是至關(guān)重要的,。
在這本出版于2023年的書中,,阿提亞還介紹了如何降低患上“老年病四大殺手”(即心血管疾病、癌癥、代謝功能障礙和神經(jīng)退行性疾?。┑娘L(fēng)險(xiǎn),。他建議人們應(yīng)該從生活方式上做出改變,,比如多吃高營(yíng)養(yǎng)高蛋白的飲食,,定期進(jìn)行鍛煉,尤其是力量訓(xùn)練,,以減少那些隨著年齡增長(zhǎng)而愈發(fā)常見的慢性疾病,。
醫(yī)學(xué)3.0
現(xiàn)代醫(yī)療體系是主要強(qiáng)調(diào)“有病治病、有傷療傷”,,阿提亞將這種模式稱為“醫(yī)學(xué)2.0”,。不過阿提亞最推崇的是所謂的“醫(yī)學(xué)3.0”,即通過精準(zhǔn)醫(yī)療,,根據(jù)人們特定的生理特征和需求,,來幫助人們?cè)诎Y狀出現(xiàn)前介入,實(shí)現(xiàn)“治未病“,。據(jù)《紐約客》此前報(bào)道,,阿提亞在奧斯汀市有一家診所,它會(huì)讓人們先進(jìn)行各種檢測(cè),,然后為他們提供個(gè)性化的建議,,比如如何服用補(bǔ)劑、如何鍛煉,、如何補(bǔ)充營(yíng)養(yǎng)等,。這家診所的收費(fèi)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)沒有對(duì)外公開。
目前,,全美各地都有這樣的診所在提供基于生理檢測(cè)的個(gè)性化保健建議,,預(yù)防保健學(xué)在美國變得越來越主流。阿提亞自己最近也投資了一家生物黑客診所,,收費(fèi)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是每人7500美元每年,。該診所今年將在紐約市開設(shè)第二家分店。阿提亞在該公司網(wǎng)站上的一份聲明中表示:“要評(píng)估和采取有效的保健策略,,必須先進(jìn)行診斷分析,,通過全面分析每一項(xiàng)數(shù)據(jù),來評(píng)估一個(gè)人的整體健康情況,?!?/p>
雖然阿提亞也相信保證睡眠質(zhì)量、積極鍛煉和社交這種低成本醫(yī)學(xué)干預(yù)的效果,,但是他還是更相信數(shù)據(jù),,而且一些常規(guī)體檢以外的檢測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)也是很重要的。比如載脂蛋白 B和脂蛋白(a)數(shù)據(jù),它們都是評(píng)估心臟病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的重要指標(biāo),。再比如DEXA掃描可以測(cè)量骨礦物質(zhì)密度,,血檢可以評(píng)估代謝健康(代謝健康評(píng)估是心臟病和早逝風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的一個(gè)預(yù)測(cè)指標(biāo)),最大攝氧量測(cè)試來評(píng)估有氧運(yùn)動(dòng)能力,,等等,。
情緒健康對(duì)于長(zhǎng)壽異常重要
據(jù)《紐約客》報(bào)道,10年前,,阿提亞的養(yǎng)生方案要比現(xiàn)在這一版嚴(yán)格得多,,包括生酮飲食等極端方法,以及每周不少于30個(gè)小時(shí)的體育鍛煉,。不過這次,,他在《活得更久》一書中寫道:“我竭盡全力想要活得更久,盡管在情緒上我痛苦不堪,?!爆F(xiàn)在的他既重視自己的身體健康,也同樣注重心理健康,。
情緒健康對(duì)老年人異常重要,,焦慮和抑郁等心理健康問題會(huì)升高老年人患癡呆癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),孤獨(dú)和社交孤立也會(huì)提高老年人患心臟病等慢性疾病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),。
改善情緒健康的一個(gè)好方法,,就是保持社交,因?yàn)槠駷橹沟乃醒芯慷硷@示,,人是一個(gè)社會(huì)性動(dòng)物,,我們晚年的幸福程度,主要取決于我們與社會(huì)的聯(lián)系程度,。另外,,正念練習(xí)、深呼吸練習(xí)以及保證睡眠質(zhì)量也是改善情緒健康的關(guān)鍵因素,。(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))
譯者:樸成奎
億萬富豪,、對(duì)沖基金投資者比爾·阿克曼今年只在社交平臺(tái)X上推薦過兩本書,其中一本是薩希爾?布魯姆的新書《五種財(cái)富》,,另一本就是彼得?阿提亞的《活得更久》(Outlive),。
彼得·阿提亞是一名醫(yī)生兼作家,也是預(yù)防保健學(xué)的倡導(dǎo)者,,在歐美國家的養(yǎng)生領(lǐng)域有不小的號(hào)召力,。《活得更久》是一本足足寫了500頁的作品,,銷量超過200萬冊(cè),,而且還曾登頂《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》暢銷書排行榜的榜首,。在這本書里,阿提亞探討了所有跟長(zhǎng)壽有關(guān)的話題,,比如如何健身才讓身體保持最佳狀態(tài),,負(fù)重行走的好處,握力為何重要,,如何科學(xué)地?cái)z入蛋白質(zhì),,以及壓力管理的重要性等等。
下面我們就來分享這本書里的一些干貨:
關(guān)注健康壽命,,而不是自然壽命
人的健康壽命年限和自然壽命年限是有差距的,。根據(jù)麥肯錫公司的一份報(bào)告,,美國人的這一差距大概是在10年以上,,而且女性的這一差距比男性長(zhǎng) 25% 。
因此,,阿提亞的書不僅鼓勵(lì)人們追求長(zhǎng)壽,,更倡導(dǎo)人們?cè)诮】档臓顟B(tài)下追求長(zhǎng)壽。他建議讀者們憧憬一下自己的晚年生活,。
“你人生的最后十年……可能是你對(duì)孫輩們產(chǎn)生最大影響的十年,,也可能是你最有能力幫助別人的十年?!卑⑻醽喸诒緯霭婧蠼邮軍W普拉采訪時(shí)這樣說道,。
關(guān)注健康壽命年限,有助于我們制定更有針對(duì)性的健康老齡化目標(biāo),,比如通過鍛煉來達(dá)到能夠帶孫子的運(yùn)動(dòng)水平,,或者通過學(xué)習(xí)新事物來改善記憶力。同時(shí)還要盡量降低慢性病風(fēng)險(xiǎn),,這一點(diǎn)對(duì)于晚年幸福,、延長(zhǎng)健康壽命年限也是至關(guān)重要的。
在這本出版于2023年的書中,,阿提亞還介紹了如何降低患上“老年病四大殺手”(即心血管疾病,、癌癥、代謝功能障礙和神經(jīng)退行性疾?。┑娘L(fēng)險(xiǎn),。他建議人們應(yīng)該從生活方式上做出改變,比如多吃高營(yíng)養(yǎng)高蛋白的飲食,,定期進(jìn)行鍛煉,,尤其是力量訓(xùn)練,以減少那些隨著年齡增長(zhǎng)而愈發(fā)常見的慢性疾病,。
醫(yī)學(xué)3.0
現(xiàn)代醫(yī)療體系是主要強(qiáng)調(diào)“有病治病,、有傷療傷”,,阿提亞將這種模式稱為“醫(yī)學(xué)2.0”。不過阿提亞最推崇的是所謂的“醫(yī)學(xué)3.0”,,即通過精準(zhǔn)醫(yī)療,,根據(jù)人們特定的生理特征和需求,來幫助人們?cè)诎Y狀出現(xiàn)前介入,,實(shí)現(xiàn)“治未病“,。據(jù)《紐約客》此前報(bào)道,阿提亞在奧斯汀市有一家診所,,它會(huì)讓人們先進(jìn)行各種檢測(cè),,然后為他們提供個(gè)性化的建議,比如如何服用補(bǔ)劑,、如何鍛煉,、如何補(bǔ)充營(yíng)養(yǎng)等。這家診所的收費(fèi)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)沒有對(duì)外公開,。
目前,,全美各地都有這樣的診所在提供基于生理檢測(cè)的個(gè)性化保健建議,預(yù)防保健學(xué)在美國變得越來越主流,。阿提亞自己最近也投資了一家生物黑客診所,,收費(fèi)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是每人7500美元每年。該診所今年將在紐約市開設(shè)第二家分店,。阿提亞在該公司網(wǎng)站上的一份聲明中表示:“要評(píng)估和采取有效的保健策略,,必須先進(jìn)行診斷分析,通過全面分析每一項(xiàng)數(shù)據(jù),,來評(píng)估一個(gè)人的整體健康情況,。”
雖然阿提亞也相信保證睡眠質(zhì)量,、積極鍛煉和社交這種低成本醫(yī)學(xué)干預(yù)的效果,,但是他還是更相信數(shù)據(jù),而且一些常規(guī)體檢以外的檢測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)也是很重要的,。比如載脂蛋白 B和脂蛋白(a)數(shù)據(jù),,它們都是評(píng)估心臟病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的重要指標(biāo)。再比如DEXA掃描可以測(cè)量骨礦物質(zhì)密度,,血檢可以評(píng)估代謝健康(代謝健康評(píng)估是心臟病和早逝風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的一個(gè)預(yù)測(cè)指標(biāo)),,最大攝氧量測(cè)試來評(píng)估有氧運(yùn)動(dòng)能力,等等,。
情緒健康對(duì)于長(zhǎng)壽異常重要
據(jù)《紐約客》報(bào)道,,10年前,阿提亞的養(yǎng)生方案要比現(xiàn)在這一版嚴(yán)格得多,,包括生酮飲食等極端方法,,以及每周不少于30個(gè)小時(shí)的體育鍛煉,。不過這次,他在《活得更久》一書中寫道:“我竭盡全力想要活得更久,,盡管在情緒上我痛苦不堪,。”現(xiàn)在的他既重視自己的身體健康,,也同樣注重心理健康,。
情緒健康對(duì)老年人異常重要,焦慮和抑郁等心理健康問題會(huì)升高老年人患癡呆癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),,孤獨(dú)和社交孤立也會(huì)提高老年人患心臟病等慢性疾病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),。
改善情緒健康的一個(gè)好方法,就是保持社交,,因?yàn)槠駷橹沟乃醒芯慷硷@示,,人是一個(gè)社會(huì)性動(dòng)物,我們晚年的幸福程度,,主要取決于我們與社會(huì)的聯(lián)系程度,。另外,正念練習(xí),、深呼吸練習(xí)以及保證睡眠質(zhì)量也是改善情緒健康的關(guān)鍵因素。(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))
譯者:樸成奎
Before his most recent endorsement of Sahil Bloom’s new book The 5 Types of Wealth this year, billionaire hedge fund investor Bill Ackman had publicly recommended just one other on X: Dr. Peter Attia’s Outlive.
Attia, a doctor and preventive health advocate, author, and longevity influencer, says there is an art and a science to living longer. In his 500-page #1 New York Times Bestseller—which has reportedly sold over two million copies—Attia discusses everything from what exercise zones to train in for peak performance, the benefits of rucking, why grip strength matters, the science of protein intake, and the importance of stress management.
Here are three takeaways from Attia’s book:
Health span over life span
There’s a gap between how long people live and how long they live in good health. Aging and longevity experts call this the health span-life span gap, which is about a decade or more for Americans and 25% longer for women than men, according to a McKinsey report.
Attia’s book doesn’t just encourage people to live as long as they can, but rather to live longer in good health. He compels readers to imagine their later years.
“The last decade of your life…could be the time in which you have the most influence over your great-grandkids or your grandkids. It could be the time in which you’re doing the most to help others,” Attia told Oprah after the book was published.
Focusing on health span helps people commit to more targeted healthy-aging goals, such as exercising to keep up with grandkids or learning something new to improve memory. Reducing your risk of chronic conditions that lead to poor health at the end of life is integral to valuing health span.
In the 2023 book, Attia, who also has a podcast and offers a paid membership for video content, sheds light on how to lower the risk of the “four horsemen of aging”: cardiovascular disease, cancer, metabolic dysfunction, and degenerative neurological disorders. Attia recommends integrating lifestyle changes like a nutrient and protein-rich diet and regularly exercising, especially strength training, to reduce the chronic conditions that are more common with age.
Medicine 3.0
Modern health care treats people when they are sick or when they suffer from an injury, what Attia calls Medicine 2.0. However, what Attia defends is Medicine 3.0, helping people focus on their health before the onset of symptoms by using precision medicine to tailor plans to people’s specific biology and needs. Attia’s Austin-based clinic offers personalized recommendations, including supplements, exercise, and nutrition advice after they undergo different tests for an “undisclosed price,” the New Yorker previously reported.
Preventative health is becoming more mainstream as clinics offer biomarker tests and personalized health advice in new brick-and-mortar spots nationwide. Attia recently invested in a $7,500 a year biohacking clinic, which is opening a second location in New York City this year. “Diagnostics are foundational to evaluating and implementing an effective health strategy informed by a systems-based approach, as well as comprehensive analyses that consider each data point within the context of an individual’s entire health picture,” Attia said in a statement on the company’s website.
While Attia also swears by low-cost interventions, like sleep, exercise, and socialization, he advocates for more granular data beyond a typical checkup. Examples include measuring ApoB and Lp(a), biomarkers that assess heart disease risk, a DEXA scan to measure bone mineral density, blood-based tests to assess metabolic health, a predictor of heart disease and early mortality, and VO2 max tests to evaluate aerobic capacity.
Emotional health as a longevity priority
A decade ago, Attia’s strict regimen included a ketogenic diet and 30 hours a week of exercise, the New Yorker reported. However, in Outlive, he writes, “I was doing everything to live longer, despite being completely miserable emotionally.” Now he prioritizes both his emotional and physical health.
Emotional well-being is a key part of healthy aging. Mental health conditions like anxiety and depression can increase the risk of dementia, while loneliness and social isolation raise the risk for chronic conditions like heart disease.
One way to improve emotional health is to stay connected to others, as the longest study on happiness to date found that the strength of our social relationships is the most significant determinant of our happiness at the end of life. Practicing mindfulness, deep breathing, and sleep are also key factors in improving emotional health.