畢業(yè)即創(chuàng)業(yè),，是否應(yīng)該,？
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????親愛(ài)的安妮：我是一名應(yīng)屆畢業(yè)生。雖然有一家大公司（經(jīng)過(guò)多輪面試）給我提供了一份工作,，但我真的很想自己創(chuàng)業(yè),。過(guò)去的兩年中，我通過(guò)網(wǎng)上銷(xiāo)售手工首飾,，賺了點(diǎn)兒“小錢(qián)”,，而且生意也一直不錯(cuò)。所以,，我覺(jué)得,，如果我全職做這個(gè)的話，肯定會(huì)有很好的前景,。 ????我的有利條件是,，我沒(méi)有助學(xué)貸款要還，而且我的花費(fèi)也很少,，因?yàn)樵趧?chuàng)業(yè)期間,，我可以跟父母住在一起。但另一方面,，我爸媽一直催促我找一份“真正的工作”,，因?yàn)椋谒麄兛磥?lái),，剛畢業(yè)就創(chuàng)業(yè),，這是個(gè)瘋狂的想法。您和讀者們有什么看法呢,？——瑪麗?安 ????親愛(ài)的瑪麗?安：我絕不會(huì)反對(duì)你的父母,，尤其因?yàn)?，他們?shí)際上是不想讓你經(jīng)歷那種痛苦和失望。 ????卡羅爾?羅斯表示：“‘馬克?扎克伯格們’讓創(chuàng)業(yè)看起來(lái)輕而易舉,，但殘酷的事實(shí)是,，10家創(chuàng)業(yè)公司中，有9家在最初五年內(nèi)就垮掉了,?！?卡羅爾?羅斯是芝加哥的一位商務(wù)策劃師，她曾幫助創(chuàng)業(yè)公司客戶融資超過(guò)10億美元,。羅斯的作品《企業(yè)家公式：創(chuàng)業(yè)者的現(xiàn)實(shí),、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)與回報(bào)評(píng)估》（The Entrepreneur Equation: Evaluating the Realities, Risks and Rewards of Having Your Own Business）一書(shū)曾登上過(guò)《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》（New York Times）的暢銷(xiāo)書(shū)榜單。 ????羅斯認(rèn)為,，在決定你的發(fā)展方向之前,，你需要認(rèn)真、誠(chéng)實(shí)地審視一下促使你去創(chuàng)業(yè)的動(dòng)力,。她發(fā)現(xiàn),，在所有想要?jiǎng)?chuàng)業(yè)的人當(dāng)中（不僅僅是應(yīng)屆畢業(yè)生），太多人的目的是“希望能賺大錢(qián),，擺脫公司的壓榨,，或者能有更少的工作時(shí)間，和更多的自由時(shí)間,?！?/p> ????這些理由都不可能帶來(lái)成功。那什么才是成功的動(dòng)力呢,？羅斯表示：“如果你致力于解決客戶的問(wèn)題或滿足他們的需求,，相信自己能比其他任何人做得都要優(yōu)秀，并且,，你渴望長(zhǎng)時(shí)間工作,、身兼數(shù)職，和應(yīng)付無(wú)窮無(wú)盡的責(zé)任,，那你的創(chuàng)業(yè)態(tài)度就是正確的,。” ????而蘇珊?斯賓塞認(rèn)為,，除此之外，你還需要具備一些性格特質(zhì),。其中一條是,，你要樂(lè)于承受一個(gè)人辛苦工作的艱辛，至少在創(chuàng)業(yè)的第一年里（可能會(huì)更長(zhǎng)）,。 ????斯賓塞是一位律師,，也是費(fèi)城老鷹隊(duì)（Philadelphia Eagles）的前任總經(jīng)理和股東,，另外，斯賓塞創(chuàng)辦了兩家生意興隆的公司,，并著有《公文包里的那點(diǎn)東西》（Briefcase Essentials）一書(shū),。她表示：“許多創(chuàng)業(yè)青年之所以會(huì)失敗，是因?yàn)樗麄児蛡蛄藛T工,，而這就意味著,，他們很快就得面臨日常開(kāi)支。在開(kāi)始的時(shí)候,，你面臨的財(cái)務(wù)壓力越小,，就越有可能取得成功?！?/p> ????但這么做的不利影響在于：“一天十個(gè)小時(shí),，甚至更長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間，都是你自己在做所有的事情——銷(xiāo)售,、記賬,、支付賬單等等。你會(huì)很孤獨(dú),，你需要有非凡的動(dòng)力和決心,。這并不是所有人都能做到?！?/p> ????看到上面的分析,，你確定還要義無(wú)反顧地進(jìn)行創(chuàng)業(yè)嗎？如果你不再想馬上創(chuàng)業(yè),，卡羅爾?羅斯的這條建議或許會(huì)讓你滿意：在你想要?jiǎng)?chuàng)業(yè)的行業(yè)中,，先找一份工作，并通過(guò)這份工作,，學(xué)習(xí)“如何管理供應(yīng)商關(guān)系,、如何銷(xiāo)售產(chǎn)品、如何處理客戶關(guān)系,，以及如何詳細(xì)地記賬等,。” ????在你吸收這些實(shí)踐知識(shí)的同時(shí),，你可以利用業(yè)余時(shí)間,，繼續(xù)在線銷(xiāo)售首飾，也就是羅斯所說(shuō)的“興趣型職業(yè)”——介于業(yè)余愛(ài)好與工作之間——“你既可以獲得報(bào)酬,，又可以仔細(xì)研究你的創(chuàng)業(yè)計(jì)劃的可行性,。” ????但是,，如果你決定馬上就開(kāi)始創(chuàng)業(yè),，而不是先獲得更多經(jīng)驗(yàn)，然后再慢慢開(kāi)始,，那么明智的做法應(yīng)該是,，向與你一樣初出茅廬的公司老板們尋求建議和支持。羅斯為你推薦了一個(gè)全國(guó)性組織——青年創(chuàng)業(yè)者理事會(huì)（Young Entrepreneur Council）,，該組織可以“為有志于創(chuàng)業(yè)的應(yīng)屆畢業(yè)生們提供有效的幫助,。” ????蘇珊?斯賓塞認(rèn)為,，你也可以向經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的創(chuàng)業(yè)導(dǎo)師尋求幫助,。她建議：“找一些成功的企業(yè)家，把他們作為你的非正式顧問(wèn)委員會(huì),。他們可以對(duì)你的點(diǎn)子提出很好的意見(jiàn),。而且，他們還可以幫助你的企業(yè)更快地發(fā)展,，比如他們可以把你介紹給銀行,。” ????斯賓塞指出,，要想創(chuàng)業(yè),，職業(yè)發(fā)展初期是很好的時(shí)機(jī)。原因很多,，而最主要的一點(diǎn)是,，你現(xiàn)在的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)承受能力是最強(qiáng)的（特別是你沒(méi)有助學(xué)貸款要還，而且你的生活開(kāi)支很少）,。 ????她說(shuō)：“年輕人,，在你還沒(méi)有負(fù)擔(dān)貸款或撫養(yǎng)孩子的壓力之前，拿出你的最佳狀態(tài)吧,。只要你進(jìn)行創(chuàng)業(yè)的時(shí)候足夠謹(jǐn)慎和努力,，你肯定不會(huì)后悔的,?！?/p> ????斯賓塞表示，這在一定程度上是因?yàn)?，“如果你以后決定改變發(fā)展方向，想給別人打工,，曾經(jīng)的創(chuàng)業(yè)經(jīng)歷將成為你的墊腳石,?！?/p> ????“我曾經(jīng)聘用過(guò)許多有過(guò)創(chuàng)業(yè)經(jīng)歷的人。創(chuàng)業(yè)可以讓你接受商業(yè)教育,。而這是通過(guò)其他方式無(wú)法獲得的?！?/p> |
????Dear Annie: I'm a brand new college graduate and, although I have one job offer from a big company (after interviewing with many), I'd really rather work for myself. For the past couple of years, I've been earning "mad money" by selling handmade jewelry online, and it's been going well enough that I think it would really take off if I do it full-time. ????On the plus side, I have no student loans to pay off and my expenses are minimal because I can live with my parents while I build the business. On the other hand, my mom and dad are urging me to take the "real job" because, according to them, starting a business right out of school is crazy. What do you and your readers think? — Mary Ann ????Dear Mary Ann: Far be it from me to contradict your parents, particularly since they're evidently trying to spare you what could be a painful disappointment. ????"The Mark Zuckerbergs of the world make startups look easy, but the cold hard facts are that 9 out of 10 new businesses fail in the first five years," notes Carol Roth, a Chicago-based business strategist who has helped her startup clients raise over $1 billion in capital. Roth also wrote a New York Times bestseller, The Entrepreneur Equation: Evaluating the Realities, Risks and Rewards of Having Your Own Business. ????Before you make up your mind about which way to go, Roth says, take a hard, honest look at your motivation for starting a company. Too many entrepreneurial wannabes of all ages (not just new grads) are "looking to get rich, escape the corporate grind, and work shorter hours with more free time," she observes. ????None of those reasons is likely to lead to success. What will? Says Roth, "If you're focused on solving a customer problem or need, believe you can do what you do better than anyone else, and you're dying to work long hours, wear many hats, and juggle endless responsibilities, you have the right startup mindset." ????According to Susan Spencer, you also need certain personality traits. One of them is a willingness to work very hard all by yourself, at least for the first year or so (and possibly longer). ????An attorney and former general manager and part owner of the Philadelphia Eagles, Spencer also launched two thriving businesses and wrote a book called Briefcase Essentials. "Many young entrepreneurs fail because they take on employees, which means overhead, too quickly. The less financial pressure you put on yourself at the outset, the more likely you are to succeed," she says. ????The downside: "Doing everything yourself -- selling, keeping the books, paying the bills, and so on -- for 10 or more hours a day is a lonely existence, and it takes extraordinary drive and determination. It's not for everyone." ????With that in mind, are you sure you want to leap in head first? If not, Carol Roth has a suggestion that might please both you and your folks: Get a job in the industry where you eventually want to establish your business as a way to learn "how to manage vendor relationships, market your product, deal with customers, and keep detailed books." ????While you're soaking up all that real-world knowledge, you can continue to sell jewelry online in your spare time, doing what Roth calls a "jobbie" -- a cross between a hobby and a job -- that "lets you explore how viable it really is while getting paid by someone else." ????If, however, you're determined to start your own business right now, without easing into it by getting more experience first, you'd be smart to reach out to a network of fellow fledgling business owners for advice and support. Roth recommends a nationwide group called the Young Entrepreneur Council, which "offers good tools for recent grads looking to create a startup." ????You can also seek out more seasoned mentors, Susan Spencer says. "Find a few successful entrepreneurs to be your informal advisory board," she suggests. "They can be a great sounding board for your ideas. They can also help your business grow faster by, for instance, introducing you to bankers." ????Spencer points out that this very early stage in your career could be a good moment to start a business, for a couple of reasons. First, your tolerance for risk is greater now than it may ever be again (especially given that you have no student loans and minimal living expenses). ????"Before you take on responsibilities like a mortgage and kids, give this your best shot," she says. "As long as you're going into it with your eyes wide open, you are unlikely to regret it." ????That's partly because having run your own show "can be a stepping stone to a great job if you decide to change direction later on and go to work for someone else," Spencer notes. ????"I've always hired people who had started their own companies. It gives you a kind of business education that you can't get in any other way." |
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