后喬布斯時(shí)代，蘋(píng)果變了
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????亞當(dāng)?萊辛斯基的著作《蘋(píng)果解密》（Inside Apple）雖然只有240頁(yè),，但比起656頁(yè)的《喬布斯傳》，前者更能讓我們理解蘋(píng)果（Apple）作為一家公司的運(yùn)作情況,。最近,，萊辛斯基為本期《財(cái)富》雜志英文版撰寫(xiě)了封面文章：《蒂姆?庫(kù)克如何改變蘋(píng)果》（How Tim Cook Is Changing Apple）。 ????萊辛斯基的文章涉及了此前已經(jīng)被媒體曝光的一系列基礎(chǔ)問(wèn)題,，包括新股息,、中國(guó)與華盛頓特區(qū)之旅、在高盛（Goldman Sachs）科技與互聯(lián)網(wǎng)大會(huì)上的發(fā)言等等,。 ????除此之外,，他還點(diǎn)明了一些我們前所未聞的微妙的內(nèi)部變化，它們?nèi)蘸罂赡墚a(chǎn)生深遠(yuǎn)的影響： ????比如,，擁有MBA學(xué)歷的員工數(shù)量增加,。“幾年前,，高盛銀行家艾德里安?佩瑞卡幾年前加盟蘋(píng)果時(shí),，他還是唯一一位除了撮合交易外別無(wú)所長(zhǎng)的高管，”萊辛斯基寫(xiě)道,?！爱?dāng)時(shí),，蘋(píng)果的兼并與收購(gòu)事務(wù)幾乎由史蒂夫?喬布斯一手包辦。如今,，佩瑞卡執(zhí)掌著一個(gè)部門(mén),，三位企業(yè)發(fā)展方面的專(zhuān)業(yè)人士受他領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，還有一群?jiǎn)T工支持他們的工作,，因此蘋(píng)果有能力同時(shí)處理三項(xiàng)交易,。事實(shí)上，用一位蘋(píng)果前員工的話來(lái)說(shuō),，總體氣氛是蘋(píng)果正變得‘傳統(tǒng)了很多’,，意味著公司有了更多的MBA畢業(yè)生、更復(fù)雜的流程與更豐富的架構(gòu),。（事實(shí)上,，除去專(zhuān)賣(mài)店從事零售業(yè)務(wù)的員工，蘋(píng)果約有2.8萬(wàn)名雇員,，其中有2,153人的商務(wù)社交網(wǎng)站LinkedIn資料上寫(xiě)明自己是MBA,，而他們當(dāng)中有一半以上都是在過(guò)去兩年內(nèi)才剛剛加入蘋(píng)果的新人。）” ????另一個(gè)變化是提高了對(duì)執(zhí)行效率的重視,?！翱雌饋?lái)它正變成更為保守的執(zhí)行引擎，而不是不斷挑戰(zhàn)極限的工程引擎,，”蘋(píng)果前工程副總裁馬科斯?派里（曾為蘋(píng)果效力長(zhǎng)達(dá)14年,，2011年末離職）表示?！坝腥烁嬖V我說(shuō),，如今任何重大會(huì)議總是有項(xiàng)目管理和全球供應(yīng)鏈管理的負(fù)責(zé)人參與，”他說(shuō),?！拔疫€在蘋(píng)果的時(shí)候，工程部門(mén)決定蘋(píng)果想要的是什么,，產(chǎn)品管理與供應(yīng)鏈管理人士的職責(zé)則是實(shí)現(xiàn)這個(gè)目標(biāo),。如今優(yōu)先順序發(fā)生了變化?！?/p> ????蘋(píng)果老臣們往往對(duì)此憂心忡忡，懷疑這些變化表明老東家已經(jīng)變得“越來(lái)越普通”,，失去“蘋(píng)果特色”,。但它們也可能意味著蘋(píng)果正趨于成熟。 ????點(diǎn)擊此處閱讀萊辛斯基的文章《蒂姆?庫(kù)克如何改變蘋(píng)果》（英文）,。 ????譯者：小宇 |
????Adam Lashinsky, whose 240-page book Inside Apple taught us more about how Apple (AAPL) works as a company than 656 pages of the Steve Jobs biography, has the cover of the current issue of Fortune: How Tim Cook Is Changing Apple. ????Lashinsky touches all the bases that had previously been reported -- the new dividend, the trips to China and Washington, D.C., the Goldman Sachs presentation, etc. ????But he also identifies some subtle, internal changes we hadn't heard about, and which could turn out to be significant: ????? More MBAs: "When Adrian Perica, a former Goldman Sachs (GS) banker, joined Apple several years ago, he was the only executive whose sole remit was dealmaking," Lashinsky writes. "Steve Jobs basically ran M&A for Apple. Today Perica heads a department with three corporate-development professionals under him and a staff supporting them, so that Apple can work on three deals simultaneously. Indeed, the vibe, in the words of a former employee, is of an Apple that is becoming "far more traditional," meaning more MBAs, more process, and more structure. (In point of fact, 2,153 Apple employees reference the term "MBA" in their LinkedIn profiles out of a nonretail workforce of nearly 28,000. More than half the employees who reference "MBA" have been at Apple less than two years.)" ????? More emphasis on operational efficiency: "It looks like it has become a more conservative execution engine rather than a pushing-the-envelope engineering engine," says Max Paley, a former engineering vice president who worked at Apple for 14 years until late 2011. "I've been told that any meeting of significance is now always populated by project management and global-supply management," he says. "When I was there, engineering decided what we wanted, and it was the job of product management and supply management to go get it. It shows a shift in priority." ????Old Apple hands tend to worry that changes like these mean that the company is becoming more "normal," less "Apple-like." ????But they could also mean that the company is growing up. ????You can read Lashinsky's piece here. |
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