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????親愛(ài)的安妮：我父親把您的一篇專(zhuān)欄文章發(fā)給了我。文章說(shuō)的是畢業(yè)后如何找工作,，但我還有一個(gè)問(wèn)題。今年六月,，我即將取得計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)專(zhuān)業(yè)學(xué)士學(xué)位,，到目前為止,，我收到了兩份工作邀請(qǐng)。其中一份來(lái)自一家成熟的大型公司,，公司有一個(gè)知名品牌,；而另外一份則是來(lái)自一家成立僅有五年的小公司,，公司主要業(yè)務(wù)是銷(xiāo)售一款創(chuàng)新軟件產(chǎn)品。

????我很想為那家初創(chuàng)公司工作,，因?yàn)槁?tīng)起來(lái)在那里工作會(huì)很刺激。在我看來(lái),，另外一家公司雖然風(fēng)險(xiǎn)要小很多,，但卻略顯枯燥,。而我的朋友們都告訴我，五分之三的創(chuàng)業(yè)公司最終都以失敗而告終,。我也不知道去大公司工作是否就意味著更保險(xiǎn),。我該如何判斷,，幾年之后，這家初創(chuàng)公司能否繼續(xù)存在,？您能給我什么建議嗎,？——舉棋不定的人

????親愛(ài)的舉棋不定的人：你的問(wèn)題很有意思,。我把你的問(wèn)題轉(zhuǎn)達(dá)給了阿斯姆?拉扎克,。他是硅谷云計(jì)算公司Axcient（成立于2006年）的工程設(shè)計(jì)負(fù)責(zé)人。拉扎克職業(yè)生涯的早期曾在eBay擔(dān)任工程設(shè)計(jì)總監(jiān),，不過(guò)在那之前,，他還曾在三家初創(chuàng)公司工作過(guò)，其中一家是他在剛畢業(yè)時(shí)就已經(jīng)加入的初創(chuàng)公司,。與你一樣,，他當(dāng)時(shí)也收到了一家大牌公司的邀請(qǐng),。

????拉扎克說(shuō)：“從一家初創(chuàng)公司開(kāi)始我的職業(yè)生涯是我做過(guò)的最明智的決定。與去一家規(guī)模更大,、等級(jí)更分明的公司相比,，初創(chuàng)公司讓我有機(jī)會(huì)做更多事情，也能學(xué)得更快,。”

????當(dāng)然,，這并不意味著你朋友的觀(guān)點(diǎn)是錯(cuò)誤的,。誰(shuí)又能知道,，現(xiàn)在看來(lái)前景廣闊的初創(chuàng)公司，未來(lái)會(huì)不會(huì)成為下一個(gè)谷歌（Google）,，抑或只是曇花一現(xiàn),？拉扎克建議，求職者應(yīng)該深入挖掘下面七個(gè)問(wèn)題的答案：

????1. 這家初創(chuàng)公司目前處于什么階段,？拉扎克稱(chēng)：“處在早期的初創(chuàng)公司僅有寥寥數(shù)人,，預(yù)算非常緊張，沒(méi)有任何以往記錄,，加入這樣的公司明顯要冒很大的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)?！比绻乙患译m然很小,，但“已有完善的客戶(hù)基礎(chǔ)和實(shí)際收入的公司，情況會(huì)好很多,。不僅僅是因?yàn)轱L(fēng)險(xiǎn)更少,，而且你也能從中學(xué)到更多,?！?/p>

????2. 到目前為止，這家公司是否已出現(xiàn)過(guò)快速增長(zhǎng),？拉扎克說(shuō)：“你希望一家公司表現(xiàn)出良好的勢(shì)頭,，因?yàn)檫@樣一來(lái),，你就能有更多機(jī)會(huì)?！鄙暇W(wǎng)研究一下這家公司,，密切關(guān)注增長(zhǎng)迅速的公司列表、技術(shù)博客和IT行業(yè)出版物,。“在如今的科技行業(yè),，個(gè)別領(lǐng)域比其他領(lǐng)域更熱門(mén),。你需要對(duì)行業(yè)有非常充分的了解，才能確定一家初創(chuàng)公司所從事的業(yè)務(wù)是否會(huì)持續(xù)增長(zhǎng),。”

????3. 誰(shuí)是公司負(fù)責(zé)人,？拉扎克說(shuō)：“在任何小公司,，人事總是最重要的,。查看管理團(tuán)隊(duì)的背景。創(chuàng)業(yè)之前,，他們都在做什么,？他們過(guò)去有過(guò)成功嗎,？或有多次成功嗎,？”這是投資者在決定投資之前最為關(guān)注的事情之一。而這就引出了下一個(gè)問(wèn)題……

????4. 公司的投資者是誰(shuí),？拉扎克認(rèn)為：“如果公司得到了風(fēng)險(xiǎn)投資，當(dāng)然很好,，但這對(duì)你而言,，并不意味著什么,。因?yàn)槿缃瘢L(fēng)險(xiǎn)投資家很容易便會(huì)選擇科技公司,。你需要關(guān)注的是屬于公司董事會(huì)的投資者,，還要調(diào)查他們?cè)诖酥斑M(jìn)行了哪些投資,。”一家公司是否具有強(qiáng)有力的發(fā)展?jié)撃?，可靠的投資記錄就是一個(gè)很好的說(shuō)明,。

????5.是否會(huì)有一位導(dǎo)師對(duì)你進(jìn)行輔導(dǎo)？拉扎克發(fā)現(xiàn)：“尤其是對(duì)于剛走出校門(mén)的畢業(yè)生們而言,，學(xué)習(xí)職場(chǎng)技能至關(guān)重要，例如解決沖突和在沒(méi)有任何權(quán)威的情況下影響其他人等技能,。而導(dǎo)師在其中發(fā)揮著關(guān)鍵的作用,?！崩纾珹xcient公司便有一個(gè)“伙伴系統(tǒng)”,。公司會(huì)為所有新員工指派一名“伙伴”,，以便新員工能征詢(xún)意見(jiàn)。

????Dear Annie: My dad sent me your column about how to find a job after graduation, but I have one further question. I'll be graduating in June with a bachelor's in computer science, and so far I have two job offers. One is from a big, well-established company with a famous brand, and the other is from a small company that was started about five years ago to market an innovative software product.

????I really want to work for the startup, because it seems much more exciting, while the other company would be less risky but also less interesting, I think. On the other hand, friends tell me that three out of five new businesses fail, and I'm wondering whether the big company would just be a safer bet. Can you advise me on how to tell whether the startup is likely to be around a couple of years from now? --Undecided

????Dear Undecided: Interesting question. I put it to Asim Razzaq, head of engineering at Silicon Valley cloud computing firm Axcient, launched in 2006. Earlier in his career, Razzaq was director of engineering at eBay (EBAY) but, before that, he worked for three startups -- including one he joined right out of college even though, like you, he also had offers from big-name companies.

????"Beginning my career at a startup was the single best decision I've ever made," Razzaq says. "It gave me a chance to do a lot more things and learn more much faster than I would have at a bigger, more hierarchical company."

????That's not to say your friends don't have a point. How can you tell whether a promising startup is the next Google (GOOG), or just a flash in the pan? Razzaq suggests you do enough digging to answer these seven questions:

????1. What stage is the startup in now? "Joining a very early-stage startup, where it's just a few guys on a shoestring budget with no track record yet, is obviously a huge gamble," Razzaq notes. You'd be better off at a company that, while still small, has "a proven customer base and demonstrated revenues. Not only is it less risky, but you'll learn more."

????2. Has the enterprise shown fast growth so far? "You want a company that is showing some momentum, because you'll have more opportunities there," says Razzaq. Research the company online, looking closely at lists of fast-growing companies, tech blogs, and IT trade publications. "In tech right now, some fields are hotter than others," he adds. "You need to know the industry well enough to see whether this startup is in a business that is likely to keep growing."

????3. Who's in charge? "In any small company, it's all about the people," Razzaq says. "Check out the backgrounds of the management team. What were they doing before they started this? Have they shown success, or better yet multiple successes, in the past?" This is one of the main things investors look for before committing funds, which brings us to the next question …

????4. Who's funding the company? "It's great if venture capitalists have invested, but in and of itself, that doesn't tell you much, because venture capital is fairly easy to get in tech right now," Razzaq says. "You need to look at the investors, who are probably also on the board, and research what they have invested in before this." A solid history of backing winners is a good indication that this firm has strong potential, too.

????5. Will you have a mentor? "Particularly right out of school, it's essential to learn workplace skills like resolving conflicts and influencing people even though you have no authority yet," Razzaq observes. "A mentor can be a crucial part of this." Axcient, for example, has a "buddy system." All new employees are assigned a "buddy" they can ask for advice.