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????怎么解決,？我們必須減少開(kāi)會(huì)次數(shù),、縮短會(huì)議時(shí)間，同時(shí)提高開(kāi)會(huì)效率,?！疚④洠∕icrosoft），你們能改一下Outlook的會(huì)議默認(rèn)時(shí)長(zhǎng)設(shè)置嗎,？】但除此之外,，我們還需要表明態(tài)度,，告訴大家專(zhuān)注也很重要,，同時(shí)在核心工作日給我們一個(gè)能專(zhuān)注工作的空間。我認(rèn)識(shí)的有些人已經(jīng)限定了自己每日參加會(huì)議的次數(shù),。有些團(tuán)隊(duì)實(shí)行無(wú)會(huì)議日或無(wú)會(huì)議時(shí)段,。無(wú)論哪種方式，我們需要更周到地安排日程,。

????給員工靈活性

????假定你明白了這個(gè)道理,，那么人們要到哪里去做需要專(zhuān)注的工作？在辦公室里提供一些場(chǎng)所,，讓員工有需要時(shí)能在那里專(zhuān)注工作,，這一點(diǎn)很重要。同樣重要的是給人們足夠的靈活性,，讓人們可以利用辦公室以外的地方,。

????很多管理者擔(dān)心一旦員工離開(kāi)辦公室，別人想找他們的時(shí)候無(wú)法立即找到他們,。但如果能夠解決時(shí)間問(wèn)題,，讓人們不時(shí)離開(kāi)一下辦公室應(yīng)該不會(huì)影響到協(xié)作。事實(shí)上,，我們的調(diào)查顯示,，人們認(rèn)為每周在家工作的理想時(shí)長(zhǎng)平均為1-2天（準(zhǔn)確地說(shuō)是1.3天）。大多數(shù)人感覺(jué)在辦公室工作有好處,，但沒(méi)必要把所有的時(shí)間都耗在辦公室里,，這樣做同樣也能讓他們受益。

零隔板,、零成本的解決方案

????接下來(lái),，我們不妨想想,，用幾條有效的約定能取得怎樣的效果?；叵胍幌麓髮W(xué)時(shí)代,，你是怎樣學(xué)習(xí)的，在哪里學(xué)習(xí),。我上的是賓夕法尼亞大學(xué)（Penn.）,。我最喜歡的學(xué)習(xí)地點(diǎn)是費(fèi)舍藝術(shù)圖書(shū)館（Fischer Fine Arts Library）。主閱覽室里沒(méi)有墻的阻隔,，一個(gè)大開(kāi)間,、高屋頂、采光良好的美好空間,。即便坐滿(mǎn)了人（時(shí)常有這樣的情況）,，這里也非常安靜，落下一根針都可以聽(tīng)到,。這里很安靜,，是因?yàn)樗幸豁?xiàng)不成文的約定。喜歡與同鄰座閑聊,，想小組一起學(xué)習(xí)的人,，或者希望能在“學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)”遇到另一半的人，不管怎樣,，他們都會(huì)到其他地方去,。來(lái)圖書(shū)館里學(xué)習(xí)的每個(gè)人都清楚這一點(diǎn)。無(wú)需監(jiān)督執(zhí)行,，因?yàn)樗腥硕甲袷剡@項(xiàng)約定,。

????不過(guò)，這并不是說(shuō)一定得在辦公室里搞一個(gè)寬敞的圖書(shū)室,，重點(diǎn)是無(wú)需花錢(qián),，就可以打造出專(zhuān)注的空間。在我們辦公室,，工作日里需要集中注意力完成工作的人可以帶上筆記本電腦轉(zhuǎn)到安靜區(qū)域,。有些人全天都呆在那里。他們向周?chē)娜税l(fā)出的信號(hào)是,，他們需要時(shí)間完成專(zhuān)注的工作,。

????沒(méi)錯(cuò)，協(xié)作在工作中至關(guān)重要,。但如果人們沒(méi)有時(shí)間思考與他人的談話(huà)內(nèi)容,，我們將鮮有好點(diǎn)子。為達(dá)到平衡，我們思考工作方式的時(shí)間至少也不能少于關(guān)注辦公室環(huán)境的時(shí)間,。

????本文作者喬治亞?柯林斯是戰(zhàn)略商務(wù)咨詢(xún)公司DEGW北美業(yè)務(wù)的董事總經(jīng)理,。該公司旨在幫助客戶(hù)改善工作環(huán)境。

????譯者：老榆木

????What is the solution? We all need to have fewer, shorter, better meetings. (Microsoft, can you please change the Outlook meeting default length?) But short of that, we need to send a message that concentration is important by giving it a place in our core work day. Some individuals I know have put a limit on how many meetings they will accept during a day. Some teams implement "meeting free" days or portions of days. Whatever the approach, we need more considered scheduling.

Cutting your employees' leashes

????Assuming you get that right, where will people do this focused work? Having a variety of places in the office for people to concentrate when they need to is important. Equally important is giving people enough flexibility to make use of the places outside of the office.

????Many managers worry that if their people are out of the office, they won't be available for others when needed. But if you've solved for the time issue, having people out of the office every now and then should not come at the expense of collaboration. Indeed, when we survey people about the ideal amount of time they would like to spend working from home, the average preference is for 1-2 days a week (1.3 days to be exact). Most people feel they benefit from being office, but they also benefit from not having to be there all the time.

A no-walls, no-cost solution

????Next, consider what you might achieve with a few good protocols. Think back to college and how and where you studied. I went to Penn. My favorite place to study was the Fischer Fine Arts Library. There are no walls in the main room -- it is just a wide-open, high-ceilinged, well-lit, beautiful space. Even when every chair at every table is occupied (which happens regularly), it is so quiet in there that you can hear a pin drop. It is quiet in there because that is the protocol. People who like chatting to their neighbor, want to study in groups, are hoping to meet their future spouse "while studying," whatever --they all go somewhere else. Everyone who studies in the library knows this. No one has to police it because no one needs to.

????Now, this doesn't mean that your office needs an expansive library, but what it does suggest is that you can create spaces for concentration without the expense of construction. In our office, people who need to get focused work done during the day simply pick up their laptop and move to the quiet zone. Some people stay there all day long. They send a signal to the rest of us that they need time for focused work.

????Yes, collaboration is critical at work. But we'll have very few good ideas to work with unless people have time to think on their own about the conversations they've had with others. In order to strike the right balance, we must spend at least as much time on thinking about how we behave at work as what our office looks like.

????Georgia Collins is the managing director of North American business for DEGW, a strategic business consultancy that helps clients improve their workplaces.