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????許多西方政客不斷怪罪進(jìn)口的低成本貨物,，將其作為本國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)問(wèn)題的替罪羊,，這種言論讓我深感困惑。這些政客中到底有幾個(gè)人真正希望辛勤工作的選民面臨從電視機(jī)到網(wǎng)球鞋的各種產(chǎn)品出現(xiàn)價(jià)格全面飆升的局面,？不管喜歡與否,，我們都深深依賴于進(jìn)口商品富有吸引力的價(jià)格,，而出現(xiàn)這種低價(jià)的部分原因就是新興市場(chǎng)的崛起,。

????我認(rèn)為,，要解決這一復(fù)雜的經(jīng)濟(jì)難題,，答案可以歸結(jié)為三個(gè)缺一不可的要素：教育、創(chuàng)新與生產(chǎn)力,。

????值得表?yè)P(yáng)的是，中國(guó)用更高的教育水平武裝國(guó)民,，使他們能勝任全新的職責(zé),，中國(guó)在這方面甚至超過(guò)了許多西方國(guó)家,。進(jìn)入中國(guó)大學(xué)或?qū)W院的中國(guó)學(xué)生中,，有97%最起碼拿到了學(xué)士學(xué)位，這一比例令人驚嘆,；而在美國(guó)，進(jìn)入大學(xué)的學(xué)生中拿到學(xué)位的才剛剛超過(guò)一半,；在多數(shù)西歐國(guó)家,，完成學(xué)業(yè)的比例更是只有40%左右,。必須提高這一比例,。

????說(shuō)到創(chuàng)新,，全球市場(chǎng)在這方面的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)更加公平,，因?yàn)楫?dāng)今世界大量卓越非凡的科技成果是開(kāi)放的,，人人都可以加以利用,。只有打破常規(guī),，傾聽(tīng)顧客的意見(jiàn)，同時(shí)在內(nèi)部精誠(chéng)合作,，拿出超過(guò)消費(fèi)者預(yù)期的產(chǎn)品或服務(wù),，才能成為市場(chǎng)的贏家。舉例來(lái)說(shuō),，中國(guó)正在實(shí)現(xiàn)從模仿者到真正創(chuàng)新者的轉(zhuǎn)型,。

????說(shuō)到這里,，我們可以進(jìn)入下一個(gè)問(wèn)題的討論,，談?wù)効鐕?guó)公司要取得成功所需的最后一個(gè)關(guān)鍵支柱：生產(chǎn)力。許多西方國(guó)家通過(guò)自動(dòng)化和運(yùn)營(yíng)上的精益求精取得了長(zhǎng)足進(jìn)步,，而發(fā)展中國(guó)家則依賴于不斷增加的勞動(dòng)力,。不管是哪種模式，都必須檢驗(yàn)運(yùn)營(yíng)中的各個(gè)生產(chǎn)要素,，提高現(xiàn)有資源的利用效率,，只有這樣才能加強(qiáng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力，以更低的成本創(chuàng)造真正的價(jià)值,。

????全球“貨幣戰(zhàn)”很可能還將延續(xù)下去,，因?yàn)楹锨楹侠淼呢泿牌胶庹吲c損人利己的貿(mào)易操縱行為之間的界限并不明顯?？墒?，人為操縱匯率的做法沒(méi)有實(shí)際或長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)的價(jià)值。無(wú)論是國(guó)家還是公司,，要贏得真正的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì),，都必須在教育、創(chuàng)新和生產(chǎn)力上下功夫,，進(jìn)而提供差異化的產(chǎn)品或服務(wù),。

????包利華是哈曼國(guó)際（Harman International）首席執(zhí)行官,、總裁兼董事長(zhǎng),，該公司是一家全球性的音響與電子設(shè)備制造商。

????譯者：小宇

????I am baffled by many Western politicians who continually blame low-cost imported goods for their own economic challenges. How many of these individuals would wish upon their hard-working constituents a rapid increase in the price of products ranging from televisions to tennis shoes? Like it or not, we are all hooked on the attractive prices of these imports, driven in part by the phenomenon of emerging markets.

????I believe the answer to this complex economic challenge lies in focusing on a troika of principles: education, innovation, and productivity.

????To its credit, China has far outpaced many Western nations by equipping its citizens with higher education, allowing them to accept new job responsibilities. An astounding 97% of Chinese students who enroll in the nation's colleges or universities go on to complete at least a Bachelor's Degree. In the U.S., just over half of enrolled students earn their diplomas, while most Western European nations have a completion rate around 40%. This ratio must improve.

????With regard to innovation, the playing field is somewhat more level across the global marketplace. Today's remarkable technologies are open to all for exploitation, but the winners will be those who think outside the box by listening to customers, collaborating, and delivering beyond expectations. China, for instance, has been evolving from being an imitator to a real innovator.

????This brings me to the final critical pillar of success for multinational companies – productivity. Many Western nations have made significant gains through automation and operational excellence, while emerging markets rely on ever-increasing numbers of workers. Each will improve their competitive position only by examining every element of operations to make existing resources more efficient, and to deliver real value at lower cost.

????The global "currency wars" are likely here to stay, due to the fine line between legitimate monetary balancing and sometimes self-serving trade manipulation. But these artificial mechanisms lack tangible or lasting value. The real competitive advantage will come to countries and companies who differentiate their offerings through education, innovation and productivity.

????Dinesh Paliwal, is the CEO, president and chairman of Harman International, a global manufacturer of audio and electronic equipment.